Testing the Usability of Interactive Maps in CommonGIS

The paper reports on an experimental study aimed at assessing the usability of five different interactive tools for exploratory analysis of geographically referenced data implemented in CommonGIS. Usability was assessed in terms of tool learnability, memorability, and user satisfaction. The study provided valuable data concerning the usability of each individual tool; we also derived some conclusions relevant to geovisualization techniques in general. We found that users were, in principle, able to understand and adopt the new ideas of map interactivity and manipulability. However, these ideas needed to be appropriately introduced; people could hardly grasp them just from the appearance of the maps and controls. An introductory demonstration was sufficient to understand the purposes of the interactive tools, and a short training session enabled people to use them. The importance of educating users is a particular challenge for geovisualization tools that are intended to be accessed over the Internet.     

道路网示意性地图的渐进式综合研究

研究并总结了示意性道路网地图的制图规则,量化了约束条件,提出了一种道路网渐进式图形简化方法和移位方法,并研究了拓扑关系检查方法。在具体实验中,通过对道路网上点的分类,依据约束条件,快速生成有效的道路网示意性地图,同时保证了原始道路图与示意性道路图之间的拓扑关系一致性。     

关于大比例尺地形图高程精度检验公式的探讨

介绍了的地形图验收依据,不同依据给定的高程精度验收的计算公式,文章分析了根据真误差计算中误差的公式,文章分析了国标、地标公式理论来源,目前地形图的高程测绘及检验高程的获得,探讨最佳公式。     

常规测量实验教学考核点的设置

测量实验往往会出现抄袭、编造数据,本文讲述了如何设置测量实验教学的检查点、考核点,最大限度地将不合格的实验报告剔除出来。     

多功能路面状况检测技术的发展

介绍了多功能路面状况检测系统的组成及单项检测技术的原理,分析了目前国内外路面状况检测技术在实际应用中存在的问题和不足,指出了解决办法.结合计算机、传感器技术的发展及行业应用的实际需要,提出了多功能路面状况检测技术的重点发展方向,是应用激光三维扫描技术,实现真正意义上的高集成度、多功能的路面状况检测技术.     

公路综合检测养护系统的解决方案

阐述了公路综合检测养护系统的组织框架,并结合快速检测技术及交通行业公路发展趋势及养护现状,以快速检测产品为基础,从数据工程及智能化信息的角度提出整套解决方案。     

智能道路检测系统

阐述了一种智能道路检测系统,该系统以中型客车为载体,集成多种高精度传感器,实现自动检测路面破损、车辙、平整度等各项道路指标的功能.     

The Use of Mental and Sketch Maps as a Tool to Evaluate Cartography Teaching Effectiveness

The paper describes mental maps and their use in teaching process. The survey conducted among students of geodesy and cartography resulted in 124 sketches. They were analysed from the point of view of cartographic methodology and used methods of presentation. The different elements and methods were counted and helped in evaluation of teaching process effectiveness, showing changes in students’ knowledge of certain rules of cartographic language and design and their applications. As the survey was conducted in relation to courses taught, the results are of great value in increasing the quality of cartographic content of these courses and teaching methods.     

快速绘制线路平、断面图

绘制工程线路的平、断面图,用Excel（电子表格）和AutoCAD绘图软件配合进行数据处理和绘图的方式方法最为简单和快捷,本文对此法进行了详细介绍和举例。     

等值线图和质量特征图综合分析及其结果应用的可能性

本文以分析和解译自然条件图为例,研究了等值线图和质量特征图综合分析的理论和方法。对多幅不同性质、不同表示方法的地图上的地理现象模拟的抽样方法、样点规模和样点布置作了深入研究,特别是将模糊数学综合评分和聚类分析引入信息采集及处理。通过县级农业气候类型区划的实例证实,结果正确且有实用价值。研究表明,模糊数学在多幅不同性质及表示方法的地图分析中有独特的优点。     

MAPIT: A Computer Program for Production of Flow Maps,Dot Maps and Graduated Symbol Maps

Abstract

This paper describes some results of an attempt to design and to write a general purpose computer program which can be used to produce quality maps of discrete data by the person who has had no training in computer programming. In the first section, the variety of the maps this program can produce is illustrated; in the second section, some of the principles involved in such map production are discussed; in the third section, the input arrangements for using the program are described and, finally, the role of such programs in teaching and research in the years ahead is discussed.     

Maps for the Reluctant

Abstract

This paper describes the design and development of two trial 1:100 000 scale Ordnance Survey maps targeted specifically at the inexperienced and reluctant map users in the touring and holiday market. These are two maps which depart from the very high map specification designs normally offered by Ordnance Survey. The use of extensive consumer market research and the objective analysis of existing touring type maps on sale have enabled Ordnance Survey to publish two experimental maps, which will succeed or fail by consumer reaction alone.     

高压输电线路专题地图和灾害专题图的制作

为了直观、真实地展示输电线路及各类灾害的影响,以某区域高压输电线路为例,详细论述了如何基于其他来源的基础地理数据、野外采集的输电线路GPS点位数据及各类灾害图件,制作高压输电线路专题地图与灾害专题图。结果显示,基于GIS的电力行业专题地图与灾害专题图不仅表达直观、查询方便、易于保存和更新,而且便于管理人员进行分析与决策。     

Harveys and Walking Maps

Abstract

Geographical information is connected to everyday life in many ways. Web cartography has made geospatial data more available to the public. In the next few years, the average age of the population will be over 51 years, with more than 15% of the population over the age of 65 years. The fact that the senior population is increasing suggests that online mapping and map viewer design should be aware of the senior population’s visual restrictions, as well as restrictions of other potential map users, including colour-vision-impaired users. This paper describes the senior population’s visual restrictions that can be compared with colour-vision-impaired users and provides guidelines with regard to online mapping and map viewer design for this growing segment of the elderly population.     

《世界分国地图》的设计与编制

介绍<世界分国地图>的结构、设计编制特点及流程.这是一套内容较完整、现势性强、比例尺较大的世界分国地图.     

Maps and Mapping Technologies of the Persian Gulf War

Assessing the recent Persian Gulf War from a cartographic standpoint is now possible. Unlike in previous wars, which established new technologies for postwar cartographic exploitation, the gulf war is unique in having presented a proving ground for electronic cartographic technology. An analysis is given of map coverage of the war by the media, especially magazines and newspapers, and from a military perspective. From a cartographic standpoint, the winners in the war include hand-held Global Positioning System (GPS) technology, geographic information systems (GIS), workstation-based image processing and cartographic map-production systems, and radar imaging from aircraft. More fully exploiting and building on the success of these technologies in peacetime seems to be a clear mandate for academic and professional cartography.     

游戏地图的虚与实

数字信息技术使人类走向虚实相融的混合空间,作为现实世界的抽象和解释工具并辅助人们认识世界的传统地图面临新的挑战。在新形势下,地图需要纳入虚拟空间,进一步思考虚拟/现实带来的影响。聚焦游戏地图,利用刻画游戏地图的时间、地点、人物、事物、事件、现象、场景七要素,剖析其虚实表现,探究虚拟世界的构建与现实的映射关系以及虚实互通之处,确定虚拟世界反馈于现实世界的影响。丰富了地图学理论体系,促进人类规划更加智慧和宜人的社会。     

海图、谷歌地图的投影选择

由于因特网的普及,各种影像数据在现代制图中已成为一种不可或缺的手段。如何能更好地利用现有的我们能掌控的技术资源,让它为我们的海图制作服务呢?本文从投影的选择进行了探讨,希望能给大家带来有益的思考。     

时空地图与视觉变量

时空地图是显示随时间变化所历过程的地图，既可能是静态的也可能是动态的。本文分析了时空地图的表现形式，对其视觉变量作了初步探讨，认为视觉变量应当由６个静态变量和３个动态变量构成。     

Visual Abstraction and Stylisation of Maps

Abstract

We explore visual map abstraction for the generation of stylized renderings of 2D map data. We employ techniques that are centred around the concept of shape simplification and graph layout and that allow iterative abstraction of 2D maps. We use data from publicly available sources and show how we can iteratively generate aesthetic renditions of these maps. These renditions do not have the goal to allow for navigation tasks, but instead show the map data in a distorted manner. The techniques used to create these images apply simplification, abstraction/generalisation, and displacement operations to the map elements in varying orders and add stylistic shading to produce aesthetic renditions for print or electronic displays. The degree of abstraction/generalisation can be individually chosen and determines the characteristics of the distorted map: whether components retain their shape, degenerate, or are processed in a manner that the abstraction becomes the focus of the image rather than the underlying map data. The renditions can be further personalized by choosing shading and colours for this shading. Together, the presented techniques allow for playful and creative exploration of aesthetic renditions of 2D map data.