某复式花岗岩体中包裹体特征及其诸方面的探索

一九七八年以来,在某复式花岗岩体中,垂直岩体的同心环带进行了八条剖面的系统采样,共采各种样品200多个,磨制两面抛光包裹体片及辅助薄片100多块。并应用了均一法、爆裂法、淬火法、气晕法等对包裹体进行了测试。据测试结果,对岩体内的包裹体类型、不同期次岩体中包裹体特征和平面上的分布规律以及岩体成因等方面进行了研究。本文     

流体包裹体RbSr等时线定年的可靠性

通过对Rb-Sr等时线原理应用的必要条件及流体包裹体样品的成因特点的分析，认为是否可以用流体包裹体Rb-Sr定年在理论上尚需解决以下问题：（1）因矿物中常有不同期次、不同成因的流体包裹体存在，必须保证所选择的各流体包裹体样品具有相同的初始Sr同位素比值；（2）流体包裹中Rb与Sr的分异机理以及分异程度问题，即流体中Rb与Sr之间是否存在分异和分异程度是否可以达到Sr同位素分析的精度分析。已有的流体包裹体的Rb-Sr等时线年龄研究资料和数据的分析检验结果普遍存在以下问题：等时线图上数据点分散；拟合年龄较老；等时线拟合品质参数的MSWD偏大，可靠性低。     

气液包裹体稳定同位素样品制备及与气液相成分联测方法

本方法研制了一套“气液包裹体稳定同位素样品制备与气液相成分分析联测装置”，将包裹体稳定同位素样品制备装置与气相色谱仪连结起来，能在一个样品中测定出包裹体中的碳、氢、氧稳定同位素及气相和液相成分。整套装置性能良好，主要测定项目均能达到规定的技术指标，并满足包裹体测定要求：①δＤ制样及测定结果的标准偏差≤３‰；②δ＾１８Ｏ制样及测定结果的标准偏差≤０．３‰；③δ＾１３Ｃ制样及测定结果的标准偏差≤０．１     

断裂性质与流体包裹体组合特征

流体包裹体是构造热事件中流体的样品，并在断裂构造中得以大量保存，不同性质断裂具有不同的流体包裹体组合；不同深度的断裂有不同热流体组分参与构造活动，张性断裂流体包裹体数量多，粒径大，气液化变化范围大，常伴随出现沸腾包裹体群，压性断裂流体包裹体粒径小，具定向排列，深部以流体直大，ＣＯ２的大量出现为特色，韧性剪切带在深熔阶段以发育硅酸盐熔融包裹体和纯ＣＯ２流体包裹体为特色，包裹体数量少，均一温度高，脆性     

拉曼光谱在矿物包裹体成分分析中的应用

拉曼光谱在矿物包裹体成分研究中的应用近年来已有一些报导,而在国内则刚刚开始。 通过矿物包裹体成分的分析可以获得成矿溶液的化学组成及有关的物理化学参数,这是矿床研究的宝贵资料。但是,矿物包裹体极其细小,一般只有几微米到几十微米。样品提取十分困难,且忌污染,分析是超微量的。目前,所采用的破坏性包裹体成分分析方法存在的一些难以克服的缺点影响了分析结果的解释和应用。其缺点是:(1)不能区分原生包裹体和次生包裹体,提供的分析     

包裹体研究──盆地流体追踪的有力工具

矿物包裹体在研究碳酸盐岩的成岩作用，恢复盆地的热演化历史，指示油气生成、运移、聚集方面取得了很大进展。矿物包裹体是盆地流体的原始样品，它记录了地质历史中盆地流体的很多信息，有效地测定各期矿物流体包裹体的均一温度，是直接了解盆地热流体活动的重要数据；系统测定各类流体包裹体的初熔温度和冰点温度，能大致判断流体的矿化类型和矿化程度；流体包裹体的ｐ－Ｖ－Ｔ－ｘ研究，是探讨流体温度、压力的依据；荧光显微镜等对有机包裹体的有效鉴别，色谱方法对流体包裹体有机和无机成分的分析能提供流体组成和烃类赋存的多种信息；特别是近年来大力发展的单个包裹体的激光拉曼光谱等探针分析，以及包裹体群的ＧＣ－ＭＳ和δ￣（１３）Ｃ、δＤ、δ￣（１８）Ｏ同位素分析在追踪盆地流体性质、成因及其与油气等矿产的关系方面将发挥愈来愈大的作用。     

青海同仁岗察岩体多金属矿床流体包裹体特征

作者选择岗察岩体中江里沟、双朋西、谢坑三个矿床作为研究对象,在矿床主成矿期部位采集样品,磨制成测温片。对流体包裹体划分期次和类型,进行包裹体测温及数据处理,并计算出矿区流体的相关盐度。选出代表性的包裹体进行拉曼光谱分析,测得包裹体的活性成分。研究区均一温度主要分布在两个区域：250～400℃和400～550℃,是岩浆岩在不同演化阶段的不同体现。成矿流体体系具有中高温、中等盐度与高盐度共存的特征。本次研究丰富了岗察岩体的成矿流体组成与演化的研究成果,为研究区的矿产勘查工作提供了重要信息。     

熔体包裹体在镁铁质火山岩成因研究中的应用

熔体包裹体是矿物在生长或结晶过程中捕获的小的硅酸盐熔体,它保存了原生岩浆、岩浆演化以及源区性质等方面的重要信息。然而,全岩成分只保留了经历复杂地质过程(如分离结晶、岩浆混合、地壳混染和后期蚀变等)之后的"混合"成分,有关岩石起源方面的重要信息部分或全部消失。本文系统总结了熔体包裹体的研究方法,包括岩相学观察、挑选寄主矿物、加热均一化、镶嵌和磨制样品靶、成分分析等,介绍了熔体包裹体方法在镁铁质火山岩成因研究中一些应用实例。     

实验研究碳酸盐岩储层烃类包裹体捕获模式

在接近实际储层的温压条件下,利用人工合成烃类包裹体研究了碳酸盐岩储层烃类包裹体的捕获模式。人工合成烃类包裹体实验研究证实,在含油气条件下可以通过矿物晶体缺陷的愈合而形成烃类包裹体。根据矿物晶体缺陷类型和包裹体岩相学特征,可以把烃类包裹体的捕获模式分为4种:点缺陷型、线缺陷型、面缺陷型和体缺陷型。由于矿物晶体生长过程中点缺陷和线缺陷容易愈合,多数包裹体以这两种模式形成。点缺陷型包裹体体积一般较小,不方便分析;而线缺陷型包裹体体积变化较大;面缺陷型包裹体数量较少,一般厚度较薄;体缺陷型包裹体由于难以形成因而数量很少。结合天然样品对比,线缺陷型次生包裹体是最常见的,也是分析中用到最多的包裹体类型。     

流体包裹体的喇曼光谱分析进展

激光显微喇曼光谱已经成为流体包裹体非破坏性分析的重要手段。它可以快速方便地对单个包裹体进行定性、半定量乃至定量分析，且样品制备简单。通过对入射光进行聚焦，可以分析样品中微米级的包裹体。激光显微喇曼光谱对纯气相包裹体、盐水溶液包裹体、含挥发分的水溶液包裹体，以及有机包裹体的分析已经显示出了很大的潜力。此外，对流体包裹体中同位素比值的分析和作为高温高压下流体的分子之间作用的研究也具有很大应用前景。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861