Uranium-bearing and barren granites from the Taoshan Complex,Jiangxi Province,South China: Geochemical and petrogenetic discrimination and exploration significance

The Taoshan uranium ore district is one of the most important granite-hosted uranium producers in South China. The Taoshan granitic complex can be petrographically classified into several units of Caijiang, Huangpi, Daguzhai, and Luobuli, but the uranium deposits only occur within the Daguzhai granite unit. LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb dating indicates that both the Daguzhai granite and the Huangpi granite were emplaced at 154 ± 2 Ma. U contents (average 19.5 ppm) of the Daguzhai granite are higher than those of the Huangpi granite (average 7.3 ppm). The Daguzhai granite is composed of medium-grained two-mica granite, and the Huangpi granite is composed of medium- to coarse-grained biotite granite. These two granites show obvious differences in major element, trace element and isotopic geochemical characteristics. Compared to the Huangpi granite, the Daguzhai granite has higher A/CNK ratios, higher P₂O₅ contents and lower CaO contents, and is more enriched in Rb, Ba, U, and more depleted in Sr, Eu and Ti. The ε_Nd(t) values of the Daguzhai granite vary from − 12.2 to − 11.0 with two-stage model ages of 1.84 to 1.93 Ga. The ε_Nd(t) values of the Huangpi granite are slightly higher (− 9.7 to − 8.6) and the Nd model ages are younger (1.64 to 1.73 Ga). Comparative studies imply that the Daguzhai granite belongs to typical S-type and might be derived from the partial melting of parametamorphic rocks from metamorphic basement of the Zhoutan Group. In contrast, the Huangpi granite belongs to fractioned I-type, which might be derived from the partial melting of a mixture of ortho- and para-metamorphic rocks of the Zhoutan Group. These different magma sources might explain the different U contents of the two granites. In general, the source factor is an important controlling factor for the genesis of U-bearing granites in South China. U-bearing granites in South China show some common mineralogical and geochemical characteristics, which can be used to guide further exploration of granite-hosted U deposits.     

Isotope geochronology,geochemistry, and mineral chemistry of the U-bearing and barren granites from the Zhuguangshan complex,South China: Implications for petrogenesis and uranium mineralization

The Zhuguangshan complex carries some of the most important granite-hosted uranium deposits in South China. Here we investigate the Changjiang and Jiufeng granites which represent typical U-bearing and barren granites in the complex, using zircon U-Pb ages, whole-rock geochemistry, Sr-Nd isotopic and zircon Hf isotopic data, and mineral chemistry, to constrain the petrogenesis and uranium mineralization. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating shows that both the Changjiang and Jiufeng granites were emplaced ca. 160 Ma. These rocks show high silica, weakly to strongly peraluminous compositions, enrichment in Rb, Th, and U, and depletion in Ba, Nb, Sr, P, and Ti. These features coupled with the high initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios, negative εNd(t) values and εHf(t) values, and the Paleoproterozoic two stage model ages of these two granites suggest that the two granites belong to S-type granites, and the parental magmas of the two granites were derived from the Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks. However, the granitoids show different mineralogical characteristics. The biotite in the Changjiang granite belongs to siderophyllite, marking higher degree of chloritization, whereas the biotite in the Jiufeng granite is ferribiotite, characterized by only slight chloritization. Compared with the Jiufeng granite, the biotite in the Changjiang granite has lower crystallization temperature and oxygen fugacity, but higher F content, and the uraninite has higher UO₂ content but lower ThO₂ content, and stronger corrosion. The chemical ages of uraninites from both granites are (within error) consistent with the zircon U-Pb ages and are considered to represent the emplacement ages of granites. Chemical ages of pitchblende in the Changjiang granite yield 118 ± 8 Ma, 87 ± 4 Ma, and 68 ± 6 Ma, representing multiple episodes of hydrothermal events that are responsible for the precipitation of U ores in the Changjiang uranium ore field. Our study suggests that the degree of magma differentiation and physicochemical conditions of the magmatic-hydrothermal system are the key factors that control the different U contents of these two granites. The mineralogical characteristics of uraninite and biotite can be used to distinguish between U-bearing and barren granites, and serve as a potential tool for prospecting granite-hosted uranium deposits.     

粤北产铀与不产铀花岗岩中黑云母和绿泥石矿物化学特征及其与铀成矿的关系

长江岩体和九峰岩体同为粤北诸广山复式岩体中的燕山期花岗岩体,它们的矿化特征具有显著差异,是诸广山地区典型的产铀岩体和不产铀岩体。本文利用电子探针对两岩体中黑云母和绿泥石开展了详细的矿物化学研究。结果显示,长江岩体中黑云母富铁贫镁,为铁叶云母,黑云母绿泥石化较为严重,绿泥石类型主要是蠕绿泥石和铁镁绿泥石,偏铁质绿泥石,主要形成于较还原环境;九峰岩体中黑云母为铁质黑云母,绿泥石化较弱,绿泥石类型多为蠕绿泥石、铁镁绿泥石和密绿泥石,偏镁质绿泥石。黑云母的成分特征显示,长江岩体结晶温度为600~650℃,氧逸度lgf(O2)为-16~-17,挥发分组成显示出相对高F、低Cl的特征;九峰岩体结晶温度为680~720℃,氧逸度lgf(O2)为-14~-15,挥发分组成显示出相对低F、高Cl的特征。综合地质特征和矿物化学特征可知,较低的温度和氧逸度、较高的挥发分F含量是岩体产铀的有利因素。     

赣东北晚三叠世安源组植物群

通过对赣东北上饶地区宋村、司铺和东山村3条剖面保存的植物化石全面研究, 讨论了赣东北安源组地层分布特征, 安源植物群的组成、特征及其地质时代.鉴定并统计安源植物群有28属60种, 其中苏铁类及本内苏铁类11属33种, 占植物群总数55.0%, 居植物群首位; 真蕨类5属11种, 占植物群总数18.3%, 居植物群第2位; 种子蕨4属6种, 占植物群总数10.0%;有节类2属3种, 占植物群3.0%, 然而丰度高; 银杏类4属5种, 占8.3%, 松柏类及繁殖器官2属2种, 占3.4%.该植物群归于晚三叠世Ptilozamites-Anthrophyopsis组合.安源植物群组成分子中, 喜湿植物14种, 占植物群23.3%, 耐旱植物46种, 占植物群76.7%, 属于半潮湿型.喜热植物45种, 占植物群75.0%, 广温植物15种, 占植物群25.0%, 属炎热型, 代表中国南方滨海型热带亚热带半潮湿气候.      

广州市白云山片麻状花岗岩成因及构造意义

华南板块内部广泛分布的早古生代片麻状花岗岩的形成究竟是与大洋板块俯冲有关,还是与陆内挤压碰撞有关,存在激烈争议。本文对广州市白云山风景名胜区内的片麻状花岗岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩主量元素和微量元素、Sr-Nd同位素和锆石Hf-O同位素地球化学研究,结果表明:白云山片麻状花岗岩形成于晚奥陶-早志留世(444±6 Ma)。白云山片麻状花岗岩含有原生白云母和黑云母,并且具有高的SiO₂,Al₂O₃和低的MgO含量(SiO₂=74.8%～80.4%,Al₂O₃=9.64%～12.7%,MgO=0.46%～0.61%)。白云山片麻状花岗岩的稀土总量相对较低,变化于44～173μg/g之间,具有轻稀土相对富集的右倾分布模式,同时具有中-强的Eu负异常(Eu^*=0.27～0.63)。白云山片麻状花岗岩富集Rb、Th、U和Pb,亏损Ba、Sr、Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf和Ti。白云山片麻状花岗岩具有富集的全岩Nd和锆石Hf同位素...     

The Late Triassic Sequence-Stratigraphic Framework of the Upper Yangtze Region, South China

In the transitional period between the Middle and the Late Triassic, the Indochina orogeny caused two tectonic events in South China: (1) the formation and uplift of the Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt along the northern margin of the South China Plate, due to its collision with the North China Plate; and 2) the development of a 1300-km-wide intra-continental orogen in the southeastern part of the South China Plate, which led to a northwestward movement of the foreland thrust-fold zone. These tectonic events resulted in the ending of the Yangtze Platform, and were a stable paleogeographic factor from the Eidacaran to the end of the Middle Triassic. This platform was characterized by the widespread development of shallow-water carbonates. After the end of the Yangtze Platform, the upper Yangtze foreland basin (or Sichuan foreland basin) was formed during the Late Triassic and became a accumulation site of fluvial deposits that are composed of related strata of the Xujiahe Formation. In western Sichuan Province, the Xujiahe Formation overlies the Maantang Formation shallow-water carbonate rocks of the Xiaotangzi Formation siliciclastic rocks (from shelf shales to littoral facies). The sequence-stratigraphic framework of the Upper Triassic in the upper Yangtze foreland basin indicates a particular alluvial architecture, characterized by sequences composed of (1) successions of low-energy fluvial deposits of high-accommodation phases, including coal seams, and (2) high-energy fluvial deposits of low-accommodation phases, including amalgamated river-channel sandstones. The spatial distribution of these fluvial deposits belonging to the Xujiahe Formation and its relative strata is characterized by gradual thinning-out, overlapping, and pinching-out toward both the east and south. This sedimentary record therefore expresses a particular sequence-stratigraphic succession of fluvial deposits within the filling succession of the foreland basin. The sequence-stratigraphic framework for the Upper Triassic in the Upper Yangtze region provides a record of the end of the Yangtze Platform and the formation of the upper Yangtze foreland basin.     

内蒙古西乌旗地区晚二叠世-早中三叠世花岗岩年代学和地球化学特征及构造意义

中亚造山带南缘晚古生代与早中生代之交的构造背景一直存在争议。本文以西乌旗罕乌拉地区发育的花岗闪长岩和黑云母二长花岗岩为研究对象,对其开展了野外地质、岩石学、锆石U- Pb同位素年代学、地球化学研究。LA- ICP- MS 锆石U- Pb测年获得花岗闪长岩的结晶年龄为253. 8±1. 2Ma和240. 5±0. 78Ma,黑云母二长花岗岩的结晶年龄为249. 6±1. 7Ma和240. 4±0. 59Ma,反映了晚二叠世晚期-早中三叠世的构造岩浆作用事件。岩石学和地球化学研究表明,花岗闪长岩铝饱和指数A/CNK为 0. 89~1. 13,属于钙碱性I型花岗岩;SiO 2介于65. 97%~70. 56%(＞56%),MgO介于1. 33%~ 1. 70%(＜3%),Al 2 O 3 介于14. 75%~15. 01%(≈15%),Sr介于483. 2×10 -6 ~541. 9×10 -6 (＞400×10 -6 ),Y介于10. 46×10 -6 ~13. 35×10 -6 (＜18×10 -6 ),Yb介于0. 77×10 -6 ~1. 45×10 -6 (＜1. 9×10 -6 ),岩石轻重稀土分馏明显,(La/Yb) N 介于12. 07~33. 05,具Eu轻微负异常( δ Eu=0. 78~0. 89),显示了埃达克质岩石的地球化学特征。黑云母二长花岗岩铝饱和指数A/CNK为1. 05~1. 20,属于过铝质高钾钙碱性系列,具有高SiO 2 (72. 73%~77. 02%)、富碱(K 2 O+Na 2 O=7. 36%~8. 47%),低P 2 O 5 (0. 016%~0. 085%)和CaO(0. 38%~1. 67%),富集Th、U、K、Nd、Hf,亏损Ba、Nb、Ta、P、T和HREE等元素,明显负Eu异常( δ Eu=0. 08~0. 61),高度分异(DI=85. 78~95. 76),P 2 O 5 含量与SiO 2 呈明显的负相关关系,Y含量与Rb呈明显的正相关关系,属于高分异Ⅰ型花岗岩。岩石地球化学特征反映它们为来源于不同深度的加厚地壳部分熔融形成的熔体,经进一步演化及结晶分异后,不同批次上升就位的产物。结合岩体地质学及区域地质资料,本文认为晚二叠世晚期-早中三叠世花岗岩形成于碰撞环境,为晚二叠世末古亚洲洋闭合后,西伯利亚板块和华北板块碰撞事件的岩浆响应。     

秦岭晚中生代花岗岩时空分布、成因演变及构造意义

秦岭晚中生代花岗岩主要发育于秦岭北部的华北地块南缘和北秦岭,南秦岭仅有零星出露。本文报道了3个晚中生代大岩体的年代学和其中2个岩体的地球化学和同位素数据,并系统收集了发表的相关资料,对秦岭晚中生代花岗岩进行了初步总结。华北地块南缘蓝田花岗岩的锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb年龄为133±1Ma, ε_Nd(t)=-11.8~-18.3, 锆石ε_Hf(t)=-37.7~-5.7。 北秦岭构造带中牧护关花岗岩的锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb年龄为 150±1Ma, ε_Nd(t)=-7.6~-11.4, 锆石ε_Hf(t)=-7.3~-17.4;蟒岭花岗岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为149±2 Ma。 依据收集到的26个锆石U-Pb和3个黑云母Ar-Ar年代学资料, 秦岭晚中生代花岗岩浆的演化可分为2个阶段:第一阶段为160~130Ma(晚侏罗世-早白垩世), 以I-型花岗岩为主, 主要发育于华北地块南缘和北秦岭,在南秦岭仅零星分布;第二阶段为120~100Ma(早白垩世中晚期), 以I-A过渡型和A-型花岗岩为主,主要分布在华北地块南缘的东部和北秦岭,出露面积比第一阶段小。第一阶段(160~130Ma)花岗岩主要形成于古老地壳物质的部分熔融,并有年轻幔源组分的参与,形成于挤压向伸展转换的构造环境。第二阶段(120~100Ma)花岗岩的形成除了古老地壳物质的部分熔融外,有更多的年轻幔源组分加入,发育于陆内伸展环境。花岗岩的同位素特征显示,从华北地块南缘到南秦岭,底基物质中年轻组分有增加的趋势,花岗岩的物源受深部地壳物质组成特征的控制。     

Triassic magmatism in the eastern part of the South China Block: Geochronological and petrogenetic constraints from Indosinian granites

The granitic dykes in the Badu Group,Zhejiang Province,South China provide important insights on tectonic setting and crustal evolution of the South China Block(SCB) and the Indochina Block during Triassic.Here we report LA-ICP-MS U-Pb data of granitic rocks from the Hucun and Kengkou which show early Triassic ages of 242 ± 2 and 232 ± 3 Ma,respectively,representing their timing of emplacement.The dyke rocks are enriched in K,Al,LREE,Rb,Th.U,and Pb.and are depleted in Nb,Ta,Sr,and Ti.The rocks are characterized by highly fractionated REE patterns with(La/Yb)N ratios of 28.46-38.07 with strong negative Eu anomalies(Eu/Eu* = 0.65-0.73).In situ Hf isotopic analyses of zircons from the Hucun granite yielded ε_(Hf)(t) values of-13.9 to-6.4 and two-stage depleted mantle Hf model ages of 1.68-2.15 Ga,which indicate that the magma was formed by partial melting of the Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary protoliths in the Cathaysia Block.The zircons from the Kengkou granite have ε_(Hf)(t) values ranging from 40.7 to 31.5 and yield two-stage depleted mantle Hf model ages of 0.99-2.49 Ga,indicating magma origin from a mixed source.The Hucun and Kengkou dykes,together with the Triassic A-type granites in SE China were probably generated during magmatism associated with crust-mantle decoupling along the convergent plate boundary between SCB and the Indochina Block.     

柴北缘构造带东段乌兰地区晚二叠世—中三叠世花岗岩成因及其地质意义

柴北缘构造带内发育大规模的印支期花岗岩,其成因过程和构造背景仍存在争议。为确定该地区花岗岩的形成时代、成因和岩浆活动的构造背景,本文选取柴北缘构造带东段乌兰地区花岗岩和花岗闪长岩进行了岩相学、全岩地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Lu-Hf同位素研究。它们以高SiO₂、K₂O含量,低MgO、CaO含量和Mg^#为特征,属于弱过铝质高钾钙碱性Ⅰ型花岗岩（A/CNK=0.99～1.08）,相对富集轻稀土元素（LREE）和Rb、K、Cs等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损重稀土元素（HREE）和Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年显示花岗岩和花岗闪长岩侵位年龄分别为256± 3 Ma和243±1 Ma,均为印支期岩浆活动的产物。Lu-Hf同位素组成显示花岗岩的ε_Hf（t）值为-6.2～-2.7,对应的二阶段模式年龄（T_DM2）为1 676～1 452 Ma,花岗闪长岩的ε_Hf（t）值为-4.8～-0.2,对应的二阶段模式年龄（T_DM2）为1 577～1 280 Ma,富集的Hf同位素组成反映其原始岩浆起源于中元古代地壳物质的部分熔融。然而,花岗闪长岩具有较高的Mg^#值和Cr、Ni含量,结合其较高的ε_Hf（t）值暗示花岗闪长岩形成过程中可能有幔源物质的贡献。此外,花岗岩和花岗闪长岩中均发育暗色镁铁质包体,包体和寄主岩中斜长石具有环带结构和筛状结构,并发育刀刃状黑云母和针状磷灰石,暗示岩浆演化过程中存在岩浆混合作用。从空间上看,乌兰地区三叠纪花岗岩体与西秦岭同期岩浆岩共同构成了青海南山岩浆岩带,结合前人对该区域地质背景分析,本文认为这一时期花岗质岩体的形成与古特提斯洋向北俯冲密切相关,大洋俯冲诱发幔源岩浆底侵到下地壳,并使下地壳发生部分熔融产生了区域上广泛分布的花岗质岩浆。     

藏东巴塘地区金沙江带花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其构造意义

藏东芒康-巴塘一线广泛发育中酸性侵入岩体, 空间上沿金沙江西岸呈带状分布, 以复式岩基、岩枝产出, 并侵入于二叠系下统冰峰组灰岩系及金沙江带二叠系上统上段变质岩系, 该区侵入岩岩性以花岗闪长岩和花岗岩为主。 目前对该地区花岗岩成因、形成时代、 构造意义研究程度较低。 本文以巴塘县曲那西地区花岗岩体为研究对象, 对该岩体 LA-ICP-MS 锆石 U-Pb 年龄、岩石地球化学特征以及岩体与金沙江缝合带的关系进行了详细研究。 LA-ICP-MS 锆石 U-Pb 年龄结果表明该岩体形成时代主要集中于晚三叠世, 3 个花岗岩样品形成时代分别为 235.2±1.4 Ma、229.6±1.4 Ma、229.1±1.6 Ma。 全岩岩石地球化学特征表明, 区内岩体属钾玄岩、高钾钙碱性系列, 富集 Rb、Th、K 等大离子亲石元素, 明显亏损 Nb、Ta、P、 Zr、Ti 等高场强元素。 Sr-Nd 同位素组成表明, 巴塘岩体很可能来自于康定杂岩并且混入了少量的富集型沉积物。 结合岩体地球化学特征和区域地质背景认为, 该岩体形成于金沙江构造 带造山后碰撞环境, 进而推测金沙江洋壳的闭合至少在晚三叠世之前。     

Late Permian- Early Triassic Conodont Biofacies and Bioprovinces in South China and Himalaya

On the basis of existing conodont data, the authors have studied the Late Permian-Early Triassic conodonts of different forms and biofacies in detail. Five conodont biofacies are recognized, from shallow to deep waters 1. Hindeodus conodont biofacies, 2. Pachycladina-Parachi rognathus conodont biofacies, 3. Gondolella -Hindeodus conodont biofacies, 4. Gondolella-Neospathodus conodont biofacies, and 5. Xaniognathus conodont biofacies. Considering the temporal and spatial changes of these conodont biofacies, 3 conodont bloprovinces have been divided. In light of the biofacies changes of each bioprovince, the authors also discuss, in this paper, the regularity of transgression-regression cycles of eastern Tethys and their possible relation to the mass biotic alternation.     

锆石微量元素对成矿岩体的判别——来自大数据思维的应用

华南钦杭结合带燕山期岩浆活动异常活跃,且具有较明显的成矿专属性。近年来微区测试技术日益成熟,积累了大量锆石微量数据。通过全体数据挖掘的思维方法,对前人发表的数据进行了进一步数据挖掘,利用锆石稀土元素对岩体成矿潜力进行判别,探讨有效的找矿地球化学标志。利用Python语言编程,对采用的13种稀土元素及元素比值进行穷举式组合,获得了4095个二元图解及121485个三元图解,并设计筛选算法,自动筛选出能有效区分锆石母岩成矿类型的图解。结果表明,锆石稀土元素含量及比值图解对不同成矿类型岩体的区分程度各异:与Ce、Eu有关的地球化学指标可以较清晰地对斑岩铜矿和钨锡(锡)矿床进行判别,这可能与岩体的氧逸度和含水量有关。此外,还挖掘出一些新的元素组合图解,如Dy/Lu-Er/Lu、Gd/Dy-Er/Yb等,可以有效区分岩体成矿类型,其隐含的地球化学机制尚待进一步解释。地球化学数据挖掘结果可以作为找矿标志使用,为华南燕山期岩浆-热液矿床研究及找矿勘查提供了科学依据,也是大数据技术在矿床学方面应用研究的积极探索。     

湘东地区锡田印支期花岗岩的地球化学特征及其构造意义

华南印支期花岗岩分布较为分散,其构造背景长期存在争议。湘东地区的锡田印支期花岗岩位于扬子板块和华夏板块的结合带中部,主要由黑云母花岗岩和黑云母二长花岗岩组成,二者均含有较高的SiO_2(67.6%~76.8%)和全碱含量(ALK=K_2O+Na_2O,6.8%~10.7%),呈过铝质的特征(A/CNK值范围为1.0~1.2),分异指数D.I值为84~93;微量元素显示出Rb、Th、U富集和Ba、Nb、Sr、P、Ti亏损的特征,稀土元素配分图呈右倾海鸥状,轻重稀土分馏明显,指示岩体经历了高度的分异演化;P_2O_5和微量元素比值随着分异程度变化的特征,表明岩石过铝质的特征是由高度的分离结晶作用造成。锡田印支期花岗岩的ε_(Hf)(t)值为-11.3~-4.34,δ~(18)O值分布范围为6.9‰~10.8‰,O同位素分布较为分散,主要是记录了源岩与流体的不同特征。Hf同位素的二阶段模式年龄为1.6～2.2Ga,反映其源区主要为中元古-古元古代的华夏基底;Hf-O同位素呈现出良好的线性关系,同时未蚀变的花岗岩明显偏离源岩为沉积岩的大容山花岗岩,表明锡田花岗岩的形成受到了幔源岩浆的底侵作用。结合邻区邓阜仙岩体和王仙岭岩体的研究成果,显示研究区在印支期就处于伸展的构造背景,可能与古太平洋板块的俯冲作用有关。     

华南地区晚三叠世含煤岩系层序—古地理

在对露头及钻孔剖面沉积特征研究的基础上,建立了华南地区晚三叠世含煤岩系层序地层格架,恢复了基于三级层序的岩相古地理,并分析了聚煤规律。根据岩相特征及岩相组合类型,在区内晚三叠世含煤地层中识别出陆相和海陆过渡相两大沉积类型,并可进一步识别出冲积扇、河流(包括辫状河和曲流河)、三角洲、湖泊、潮坪—潟湖、滨海平原和滨浅海等7种沉积类型。陆相沉积主要发育在上扬子地区的四川盆地;海陆过渡相沉积主要发育在东南部湘赣粤滨浅海。在晚三叠世含煤岩系中识别出区域性不整合面和构造应力转换面、砂砾岩体底部冲刷面和岩性突变面等类型的层序界面,将含煤岩系划分为5个三级层序。以三级层序为古地理作图单元,恢复了研究区的古地理格局。由煤层厚度与岩相古地理平面展布规律可知,最有利的成煤环境为三角洲沉积体系,其次为河流、潮坪—潟湖沉积体系,聚煤中心主要分部在四川盆地的乐威煤田以及华蓥山煤田、湘赣粤滨浅海地区的湘东南至赣西萍乡一带。     

Late Permian-Early Triassic Conodont Biofacies and Bioprdvinces in South China and Himalaya1

Abstract On the basis of existing conodont data, the authors have studied the Late Permian-Early Triassic cohodonts of different farms and biofacies in detail Five conodont biofacies are recognised, from shallow to deep water: 1. Hindeodus conodont biofacies 2. Pachycladina-Parachi rognathus conodont biofacies, 3. Gondolella-Hindeodus Conodont biofacies, 4. Gondolella - Neospathodus conodont biofacies, and 5. Xaniognathus cohodont biofacies. Considering the temporal and spatial changes of these conodont biofacies, 3 conodont bioprovinces have been divided. In light of the biofacies changes of each bioprovince, the authors also discuss, in this paper, the regularity of transgression-regression cycles of eastern Tethys and their possible relation to the mass biotic alternation.     

Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of the Late Triassic Tadong adakitic pluton in West Qinling,central China

The tectonic setting of the West Qinling orogenic belt (QOB) during the Middle–Late Triassic remains a subject of debate. Petrogenesis of adakitic granodiorite plays a critical role in determining the nature of the lower continental crust and mantle dynamics during orogenic processes in the region. The Tadong adakitic granodiorite pluton in the western part of the West QOB is an important element of this system. Its petrogenesis can place severe constraints on the nature of the lower continental crust and mantle dynamics during the formation of the orogenic belt. U–Pb dates obtained through zircon laser-ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry indicate that the Tadong pluton was emplaced at 220.2 ± 2.5 Ma, coeval with abundant magmatic rocks in the region. This indicates a prominent magmatic event in the western part of West Qinling during the Late Triassic. Geochemically the granodiorites are metaluminous to peraluminous high-K calc-alkalic and characterized by relatively high SiO₂ (63.84–67.91 wt.%), Al₂O₃ (15.39–16.54 wt.%), and Sr (435.08–521.64 ppm), and low MgO (1.16–1.88 wt.%; Mg# = 38–46), Y (5.49–8.84 ppm) and Yb (0.34–0.91 ppm) contents, variable Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.87–1.1), and high Sr/Y (51.72–84.45) ratios. These are compositional features of adakites that are commonly assumed to have been produced through partial melting of subducted oceanic basalt. In addition, the adakitic rocks are relatively enriched in light rare earth elements, large ion lithophile elements (Rb, Ba, Sr, Th, and K), and depleted in high field strength elements. However, petrological, geochronological, and geochemical characteristics indicate that the adakitic rocks were most likely formed by partial melting of a thickened mafic lower crust. Therefore, we suggest that the Tadong adakitic granodiorites were produced in a syn-collisional regime and associated with asthenospheric upwelling triggered by slab break-off or gravitational instability. This mechanism was responsible for generating the Late Triassic magmatism of West Qinling.     

鄂尔多斯盆地西南部晚三叠世辉绿岩年代学、地球化学及其构造意义

鄂尔多斯盆地西南部中奥陶统马家沟组灰岩内部发育多条辉绿岩脉。辉绿岩富集高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、Ta、Ti、Zr、Hf等,具有板内拉斑玄武岩的地球化学特征,其地球化学数据显示原始岩浆经历过比较强烈的结晶分异演化。对辉绿岩的锆石进行U-Pb LA-ICP-MS测年获得的²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄为750~195 Ma。根据峰值年龄并结合区域地质资料,本文把辉绿岩的形成年龄确定为224 Ma(晚三叠世)。辉绿岩反映鄂尔多斯盆地西南部在晚三叠世处于类似大陆裂谷的伸展构造环境,晚三叠世西邻陇山地区发生的强烈碰撞后伸展作用也可能有助于进一步强化鄂尔多斯盆地西南部的伸展构造环境。当时该地区岩石圈的稳定性相对较弱,为该地区后续的早侏罗世和早白垩世岩浆活动提供了物质基础。晚三叠世及后期的岩浆活动提高了鄂尔多斯盆地西南部的地温梯度并加快了该地区烃源岩的热演化进程,可能对该地区的油气成藏条件造成潜在影响。     

四川红原地区三叠纪花岗岩的地球化学特征及地质意义

红原地区三叠纪花岗岩位于松潘-甘孜造山带的北部,侵位于三叠纪西康群砂板岩系中,岩石类型主要为中细粒花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩。岩石地球化学分析结果表明该区岩体属于准铝质-过铝质富钾钙碱性系列,大部分为I型花岗岩(羊拱海和达盖寨岩体部分表现为A型),稀土元素总量变化较大,轻稀土元素相对富集,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分型式为右倾型,Eu异常不明显。轻重稀土元素分馏明显,轻稀土元素分镏大于重稀土元素。岩石地球化学特征指示该区花岗岩体可能为同源的地壳物质的部分熔融作用所形成,源岩可能为变杂砂岩和变中性火山岩,热源可能来自于地幔岩浆的底侵作用。     

延边地区晚三叠世火山岩的岩石地球化学特征及其构造意义

延边地区晚三叠世火山岩主要由安山岩和流纹岩构成，其中包括少量玄武安山岩。火山岩的岩石化学和地球化学研究表明，晚三叠世火山岩属于亚碱性系列，并具有钙碱性系列演化特征，位于中钾和高钾钙碱性岩系列范围。岩石组合、主要元素和稀土元素(REE)等显示晚三叠世火山岩的形成与活动大陆边缘伸展环境有关，它标志着泛太平洋板块(法拉隆板块)对欧亚大陆作用的开始，同时也标志着古亚洲枸造域的结束。