北部湾三维风生流及密度流模拟

将Casulli差分格式引入三维物理海洋模型计算，模拟了北部湾风生流及密度流。模拟结果表明，夏季西南季风在北部湾导致一个顺时针环流，夏季海水密度梯度导致一个逆时针方向的环流，密度流明显强于风生流；冬季东北寒潮导致一个逆时针环流。模拟结果不支持北部湾夏季为一顺时针环流、冬季为逆时针环流的传统结论，而支持终年为逆时针环流的观点。     

洪泽湖风生流数值模拟

湖流是湖泊中污染物质扩散，悬浮物沉降及输移等的主要水动力学要素，造成湖水运动的成因机制很复杂，其中风生流是重要形式，本文通过构造一个二维闭边界数值模拟，对不同风情下的洪泽湖湖流流态进行模拟研究，探讨其入流较小，沿岩各闸关闭的枯季情况下的风生流特征。     

北部湾潮致、风生和热盐余流的三维数值计算

基于二阶湍流闭合模型计算涡动粘性系数的POM三维水动力模式，研究采用细网格，考虑了6个岛屿的影响，海底磨擦系数进行划片取值，把作为强迫力的潮汐、风力和热盐统一在一个模型中，诊断计算并获得了北部湾三维潮致－风生－热盐余流。用实测资料对计算结果进行了验证，显示了本研究结果的合理性。同时给出了潮致余流、风生流和热盐余流，并且对各因子的作用做了比较和分析，结果表明风生流占主要成分。     

北部湾冬季风生环流的数值模拟及其对海洋环境的影响分析

利用Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model(FVCOM)三维模式以及National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP)Climate Forecast System提供的北部湾的冬季风场,建立了北部湾冬季的风生环流模型。模拟得到北部湾冬季表中底层的风生环流结构。结果表明:整体上看,环流从琼州海峡流入北部湾,沿越南沿岸向南流动。从分层结构上看,冬季表层北部湾中部位置被1个大范围逆时针环流控制,南部湾口附近也存在1个不闭合的逆时针环流;而中层和底层的环流在琼州海峡西北和西南侧各形成1个小的逆时针环流,同时北部湾北部中间位置呈现1个顺时针环流。琼州海峡、广西及越南沿岸环流流速较大,有利于污染物的输移扩散,而北部湾北部中间位置,莺歌咀附近出现闭合环流且海南岛西南岸流速较小,不利于污染物的输移扩散,对冬季北部湾的海洋环境会产生不利影响。     

贡湖及其相关水域风生流模拟研究

在太湖风生流的数值模拟研究的基础上，设计模拟贡湖及其相关水域风生流的套网格数值模式。应用该模式研究不同风情下，梅梁湖，太湖主体湖水对贡湖的影响。     

东太湖风生流套网格模式模拟

根据１９８４年８月水位、１９９３年９月湖流资料，通过建立太湖风生流模式，并在此基础上采用数值嵌套技术，设计太湖风生流套风格模式，对不同风情下的东太湖风生流进行模拟研究，结果表明：湖区风场了东太湖风生流的流型及流向，对峙方位风场形成的风生流流向几乎相反，稳定风生流流态表现为湖中若干环流区和沿岸流的有机结合风场作用初期，风生流流各与湖区风向近乎一致。偏ＮＷ风向作用，西太湖湖水流水流入东太湖，并在东太湖     

一个深海定常风生流模式

基于一定的实测资料,假定了深海垂直湍流系数的垂直分布。此基础上,从简化的动量方程中求得了定常风生流流速解,其主要结果是:(1)在中等海况下,表层风生流的右偏角约为24°;(2)对于弱海况,表层流大小与海面风速几乎成线性关系,而在高海况下要缓慢得多;(3)强海况下,有明显的逆风流,而在弱海况下,几乎不存在逆风流。     

西北太平洋月平均风生流的数值试验

应用正压浅水方程模式对西北太平洋月平均风生流进行了数值试验。当海面风场的尺度与太平洋尺度接近时对西北太平洋不同月份所得到的风生流和西北太平洋实际环流的某些特征十分接近,而西北太平洋水区的风场仅对近岸流的特征有重要影响。对比试验表明,西海岸附近的水深变化对西北太平洋风生流的动力学影响是显著的。     

基于FVCOM的渤海冬季三维风生环流数值模拟

利用FVCOM海洋模型以及MM5气象模式预报风场,对渤海冬季三维风生环流进行了数值模拟,结果显示:渤海风生环流具有显著的三维结构,表层基本沿风向运动,量值在5~10 cm/s,海峡处流速可达15 cm/s,底层有明显的补偿流,量值<3 cm/s;深度平均流环流状态明显,渤海海峡海流北进南出,渤海中部以及辽东湾为一顺时针环流,渤海湾以及莱州湾基本呈逆时针环流。文章通过对比实验,进一步讨论了海面风应力以及海底地形对渤海环流的不同影响,得出:在渤海中部风应力的切变涡度是形成顺指针流型的主要驱动力;除渤海中部以外,渤海冬季流型受地形作用的影响要大于海面风场的切变涡度。     

北部湾风暴潮的数值模拟──三维流速分解模型的一个应用

从三维浅海非线性流体动力学模型方程出发，使用进一步发展了的流速分解法，以７１０９号和８００７号台风为例，对北部湾的潮汐与风暴潮的耦合水位及流速进行了数值模拟．计算结果与实测资料基本相符．此外，还对北部湾风暴潮及天文潮的非线性效应进行了数值探讨．提出了有益的结论。     

Three-D numerical simulation of wind-driven current and density current in the Beibu Gulf

The Beibu Gulf circulation plays an imPOrtant role in the long--term water rnass transportinside the gulf. It is also closely related to the Guangxi untal water mass transport and self-purification. Hence, it is of practical imPOrtance to study the circulation in the gUlf. The cir-culation in the gUlf is very comlicated, and is rnainly gOverned by wind, water density gradi-ent, the current outside the gulf and the bathpoetry. In spring, a cold water rnass generatesln the center of the gulf…     

北部湾潮汐潮流的三维数值模拟

基于二阶湍流闭合模型计算涡动粘性系数的POM三维水动力模式,采用细网格,考虑6个岛屿、海底摩擦系数进行划片取值,模拟北部湾潮汐潮流.所得潮汐调和常数与81个实测站比较,绝对平均误差:K₁分潮振幅为46cm,迟角为9°;O₁分潮振幅为56cm,迟角为7°;M₂分潮振幅为62cm,迟角为15°.由模拟结果分析出该海区潮汐、潮流、余水位和潮余流,以及水平速度垂直分布等特征.     

Three-dimensional numerical simulation for tide and tidal current in the Beibu Gulf

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A numerical calculation of the wind-driven circulation in the Gulf of St. Lawrence

The steady state surface circulation in the Gulf of St. Lawrence due to wind field forcing was calculated taking the topography into account using numerical techniques for each month of two ten year periods, 1940–49 and 1951–60. This model did not take into consideration the ice layer on the water surface and hence is not valid for the winter months. Most of the observed circulation features except the Gaspe current were reproduced satisfactorily.     

北部湾潮汐的伴随同化数值模拟

影响潮汐和潮流模拟精度的两个主要因素是对开边界条件和底摩擦系数的选取。如果能给出优化的开边界条件和底系数摩系数,则必将提高潮汐和潮流模拟的精度。     

渤海、黄海、东海M2潮汐潮流的三维数值模拟

利用建立的一种新的半隐半显三维数值格式,将渤海、黄海、东海作为一个整体,采用球面坐标系下的三维潮波方程组,考虑了引潮力的作用,数值模拟了渤海、黄海、东海的M₂分潮的潮汐与潮流,结果较好地体现了渤海、黄海、东海M₂分潮的特征.通过比较65个验潮站的实测值与计算值,所得计算结果的振幅差平均为6.4cm,相角差为6.1°,计算与实测符合良好.本文给出的问潮图与Fang于1986年给出的实测占数值综合结果基本一致.对选取的47个测流站,比较了各层潮流调和常数Ucosζ、Usinζ、Vcosη、Vsinη的计算值与实测值的偏差,偏差绝对值的平均在2.6～4.9cm/s之间.并比较分析了潮流的垂直结构,所得结果与实测符合较好.首次揭示出回流点的水平位置不随深度变化这一特性.最后给出了M₂分潮的潮能消耗.     

北部湾冷水团的季节变化及其机制的数值研究

A wave-tide-circulation coupled model based on the Princeton Ocean Model is established to explore the seasonal variation of the cold water mass in the Beibu Gulf and its mechanisms. The results show that the cold water mass starts forming in March, reaches the maximum strength during June and July, and fades away since October. Strong mixing in winter transports the cold water from sea surface to bottom. The cold water mass remains in the bottom layer as the thermocline strengthens during spring, except for the shallow water where the themocline is broken by strong tidal mixing, which gradually separate the cold water mass from its surrounding warm water. Further analysis on the ocean current and stream function confirms that the cold water mass in the Beibu Gulf is locally developed, with an anticlockwise circulation caused by a strong temperature gradient. Sensitivity experiments reveal that the cold water mass is controlled by the sea surface heat flux, while the terrain and tidal mixing also play important roles.     

Three-dimensional numerical simulation of wind-induced barotropic circulation in the Gulf of Patras

The barotropic, wind-induced circulation, which develops in the Gulf of Patras in Western Greece during the winter, is studied using three-dimensional numerical simulations. The simulations are performed using the numerical code MIKE 3 FM (HD). The Gulf's basin is bracketed between two sills, one on the west at the opening with the Ionian Sea and the other on the east at the Straits of Rio-Antirio at the opening with the Gulf of Corinth. The simulations show that the wind-induced flow creates strong currents near the coasts, which determine the sense of rotation of the gyres that develop in the Gulf. Strong currents are also created at the Rio-Antirio Straits. The wind-induced, barotropic currents do not seem to contribute to the direct replenishment of bottom waters, which recirculate between the two sills. Depending on the wind-speed forcing of the flow, the residence time of the waters in the Gulf of Patras is estimated to range from one week to one month.     

A survey of baroclinic tides in the Beibu Gulf in the South China Sea

The principal characteristics of the tides are investigated by a shipborne acoustic Doppler current Profiler at a fixed station located in the Beibu Gulf from 4 to 14 April 2003. Data analysis indicates that the diurnal tidal currents dominate local current variations at the observing site. Except the barotropic M_2 constituent, four principal tides comprise both back-and-forth barotropic and baroclinic tidal currents. The baroclinic tidal ellipse parameters vary with depth, showing complicate features, rather than monotonous features being figured. For baroclinic tidal constituents, vertical modes are different to each other. Similarly, the semi-major axes of the tidal constituents vary with depth. In the lower layer, a nonlinear regression approach is used to calculate and obtain the SEMA profiles of diurnal tidal constituents. Results show that in the thin bottom boundary layer, all of the parameters vary drastically with depth, totally distinguished from the vertical profiles above.