西藏康马多得乡花岗岩的裂变径迹年龄和上升速度研究

近年来,许多地质工作者对出露于西藏南部拉轨岗日地区的康马多得乡花岗岩体进行了比较详细的研究(周云生等,1981、1982)。该岩体位于康马县城以北多得乡附近,为南北长10—12公里,东西宽约6—7公里的岩株,沿短轴背斜的核部侵入于变质岩系中。围岩明显受到了岩浆侵入热效应的影响。形成了与区域变质作用相似的片岩变质带。岩体的岩石类型     

锅盔山石墨矿床变质特征与碳质来源

黑龙江省锅盔山石墨矿床为近年新发现的超大沉积变质型石墨矿床,对该矿床变质作用特征与过程以及碳质来源的研究仍属空白。通过岩石学、岩石化学、碳同位素组成等研究,对矿区赋矿变质岩进行了原岩恢复,并探讨了岩石变质特征和矿床成因。研究认为: 该区变质岩变质程度达高角闪岩相,并经历了等温降压退变质作用,矽线石形成于熔体结晶; 原岩为一套具孔达岩系特征的浅海—滨海相碳硅泥岩建造,具太古宙古大陆与元古宙稳定沉积物的双重信息; 成矿物质来源为有机碳,属有机成因。研究成果对在该地区寻找同类型矿床具有一定的指导意义。     

南苏鲁造山带的超高压变质岩及岩石化学研究

在南苏鲁造山带核部，古老的表壳岩和花岗质侵人岩经历了三叠纪的超高压变质作用，在超高压变质岩石抬升过程中经历了强烈的角闪岩相退变质作用改造。据岩相学和岩石化学研究，可以区分出六大类典型超高压变质岩：榴辉岩、石榴石橄榄岩、石英硬玉岩、石榴石多硅白云母片岩、硬玉石英岩和石榴石绿辉石文石岩。这些岩石的角闪岩相退变质产物分别是斜长角闪岩、蛇纹岩、长英质片麻岩、长石石英云母片岩、石英岩和大理岩。地球化学研究揭示，榴辉岩的原岩很可能是形成在大陆内部构造环境的拉斑玄武岩，而石榴石橄榄岩可能是起源于亏损的残余地幔。石英硬玉岩原岩包括正变质的花岗岩和奥长花岗岩、副变质的酸性火山碎屑岩和长石石英砂岩。大面积分布的古老花岗岩很可能是形成在大陆或大陆边缘环境。长石石英云母片岩、石英岩和大理岩的原岩为沉积岩，与副变质的长英质片麻岩和基性火山岩—起构成了古老的表壳岩组合。双峰式的酸性和基性火山岩组合的存在也证明部分表壳岩是形成在大陆环境。因此，可以推测南苏鲁造山带核部的超高压变质岩原岩为形成在大陆板内环境的沉积岩—酸性和基性火山岩—花岗岩和奥长花岗岩建造。     

河南舞阳铁矿赵案庄组含矿层的岩石矿物组合特征及成矿作用

赵案庄型铁矿是河南舞阳铁矿床中重要的铁矿类型。通过采取矿区含矿岩层岩性标本,运用岩石学、岩石成岩理论、变质相的新理论对各种岩石标本进行偏光镜下的岩矿鉴定,分析各种岩石的矿物组合、岩石的结构构造、矿物的生成顺序、矿物的结晶力和变晶相系,确定不同含矿层的岩石组合,推断其变质程度,初步划分变质相;同时分析成矿组分在不同矿物之间的转换过程,建立初步成矿模式。总结了赵案庄组含矿层的岩石矿物组合特征,厘定了研究区含矿变质岩系的变质级、变质相系,初步分析各类变质岩中矿物组合在变质作用过程中的变化,确定区内各类变质岩的原岩类型;同时分析了成矿组分铁质来源、铁质在原岩的成岩作用及随后的区域变质作用过程的变化,不同矿质来源与矿石特征、矿体产出形态的关系,为深部找矿提供参考。     

变形分解作用与中条山上玉坡变基性侵入岩席的厘定

通过对中条山胡家峪—上玉坡背斜核部正变质基性岩的变形分解及变质作用的研究以及变形变质系列的建立,结合成因矿物学的研究及铜矿峪地区绛县群变基性火山岩的岩石学和岩石化学的对比,确认背斜核郎的黑云片岩系为与中条运动早期区域性伸展有关的沿剥离断层侵入的基性岩席的变形变质产物。从而否定了长期以来一直把它定为“绛县群铜矿峪组（或西井沟组变基性火山岩）”的论断,对中条山变基性浸入岩的形成和演化作出了新的解释。     

五台山地区变质作用的演化

五台山地区的变质岩系是由一套中、低级的区域变质岩石和部分混合岩化岩石组成。这是一套原岩相当于海底火山喷发的基性—酸性熔岩,火山碎屑岩和正常的沉积碎屑岩、粘土质岩石和部分化学沉积岩,以及不同时期的基性—超基性侵入岩,遭受两次以上的区域变质作用或局部叠加有接触变质作用的产物。     

粤西银岩锡矿的含矿斑岩特征

矿区位于粤西云开隆起的东部吴川—四会大断裂的西侧,大田顶混合岩田弧形构造带的轴部.区内的变质岩为寒武系八村群,岩石主要是石英片岩、云母片岩、变质砂页岩及混合岩.岩石的片理,片麻理均呈向南     

甘肃敦煌地区太古宙孔兹岩系特征

本文根据甘肃敦煌地区广泛出露在太古宙TTG杂岩中的一套副变质岩系的岩石组合、典型矿物组合、变质相特征和岩石化学特征的分析,认为它们是一套中深变质的碎屑岩-泥质岩-泥灰岩-碳酸盐建造,其中夹有少量的变质基性火山岩。原岩形成于具有基性火山作用的活动大陆边缘滨海-浅海环境。经过太古宙的区域高角闪岩相变质作用,形成孔兹岩系。     

甘肃敦煌地区太古宙孔兹岩系特征

本文根据甘肃敦煌地区广泛出露在太古宙ＴＴＧ杂岩中的一套副变质岩系的岩石组合、典型矿物组合、变质相特征和岩石化学特征的分析,认为它们是一套中深变质的碎屑岩－泥质岩－泥灰岩－碳酸盐建造,其中夹有少量的变质基性火山岩。原岩形成于具有基性火山作用的活动大陆边缘滨海－浅海环境。经过太古宙的区域高角闪岩相变质作用,形成孔兹岩系。     

陕西洛南石家湾钼矿床地质特征

石家湾钼矿床是黄龙铺矿区两个钼矿床中的一个。矿床位于秦岭纬向构造体系北亚带与祁吕贺山字型构造体系的前弧东翼及新华夏系第三隆起带的复合部位。其北面是太古界太华群深变质岩系组成的东西向复背斜构造,南面是以元古界长城系、蓟县系为主的浅变质岩和寒武系的沉积岩组成的宽缓东西向复向斜构造,次级黄龙铺背斜从区内通过。区内出露地层有长城系上熊耳群黄龙铺组浅变质细碧岩、细碧玢岩夹凝灰质板岩、千枚岩,蓟县系高山河组下亚组浅变质石英砂岩、绢云板岩夹少量中基性熔岩,底部有底砾岩。高山河组与熊耳群为角度不整合接触。在矿区内的火山岩、碎屑岩中有大小不等、方向不一的基性、中酸性、酸性和碱性侵入体。尤其在燕山期有强烈的岩浆活动,侵入一些中酸性、酸性、碱性岩类,岩浆期后有大量     

甘肃阿尔金南缘白石头沟石墨矿地质特征、成矿条件及找矿标志

甘肃白石头沟石墨矿位于阿尔金南缘敦煌地块,赋存于前寒武纪敦煌岩群大理岩和石英片岩之中,目前圈定矿体33条,主要矿体2条。作为研究白石头沟石墨矿理想地层的敦煌岩群,是一套以变质碎屑沉积岩和变质基性岩为主的变质岩浆杂岩。本文从矿床角度出发,立足于区域地质勘查资料,结合前人研究成果,在对白石头沟石墨矿成矿地质背景、矿床及矿体特征、组合样化学分析、矿石矿物赋存状态及特征研究的基础上,对矿床的成因进行初步探讨并归纳区域找矿标志。研究表明,白石头沟石墨矿可分为大理岩型和石英片岩型两种类型,是古元古代经历区域动力热液变质作用而形成的沉积变质型矿床,成矿物质主要来源于变质碎屑沉积岩类的原岩（海相陆源碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩）本身,成矿环境为古老活动大陆边缘。找矿标志具有特定层位、岩性、矿化及物探特征。     

京北琉璃庙地区变质杂岩变质变形特征

琉璃庙地区变质杂岩主要由变质上壳岩、变质深成侵入杂岩及其脉岩群组成.它们多数经韧性变形改造形成各种类型糜棱岩和构造片岩.研究表明,变质上壳岩原岩主要以钙碱性火山(熔)岩为主.本区变质杂岩经历了三期变质变形作用,即高角闪岩相区域变质作用形成大型复式同斜紧闭褶皱;绿帘角闪岩相动力变质作用及强烈的韧性变形,形成了以蓝闪石为特征的不同强度的糜棱岩带;绿片岩相动力变质作用和韧脆性变形作用.     

新疆太古宙变质岩系岩石组合特征

新疆塔里木盆地周边发育前寒武纪变质岩系，其太古宙变质岩系分布在库鲁克塔格－星星峡及阿尔金山前。铁克力克可能有新太古代变质岩系的存在。库鲁克塔格地区太古代变质岩出露较全，由古－中太古代及新太古代变质岩组成：阿尔金山前、南天山及中天山尾亚地区均有新太古代变质岩系分布。太古代变质岩系由表壳岩和变质深成岩（岩系）组成，前者往往呈规模不等的包体散布在变质深成岩中。变质作用主要为区域中高温变质作用和区域动力热流变质作用，变质相为中深变质的角闪岩相－麻粒岩相，具中深部构造相的塑性流变特征。     

Iranshahr blueschist: subduction of the inner Makran oceanic crust

The Makran accretionary prism in SE Iran and SW Pakistan is one of the most extensive subduction accretions on Earth. It is characterized by intense folding, thrust faulting and dislocation of the Cenozoic units that consist of sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks. Rock units forming the northern Makran ophiolites are amalgamated as a mélange. Metamorphic rocks, including greenschist, amphibolite and blueschist, resulted from metamorphism of mafic rocks and serpentinites. In spite of the geodynamic significance of blueschist in this area, it has been rarely studied. Peak metamorphic phases of the northern Makran mafic blueschist in the Iranshahr area are glaucophane, phengite, quartz±omphacite+epidote. Post peak minerals are chlorite, albite and calcic amphibole. Blueschist facies metasedimentary rocks contain garnet, phengite, albite and epidote in the matrix and as inclusions in glaucophane. The calculated P–T pseudosection for a representative metabasic glaucophane schist yields peak pressure and temperature of 11.5–15 kbar at 400–510 °C. These rocks experienced retrograde metamorphism from blueschist to greenschist facies (350–450 °C and 7–8 kbar) during exhumation. A back arc basin was formed due to northward subduction of Neotethys under Eurasia (Lut block). Exhumation of the high‐pressure metamorphic rocks in northern Makran occurred contemporarily with subduction. Several reverse faults played an important role in exhumation of the ophiolitic and HP‐LT rocks. The presence of serpentinite shows the possible role of a serpentinite diapir for exhumation of the blueschist. A tectonic model is proposed here for metamorphism and exhumation of oceanic crust and accretionary sedimentary rocks of the Makran area. Vast accretion of subducted materials caused southward migration of the shore.     

The Whole‐Rock Geochemical Composition of the Wudaogou Group in Eastern Yanbian,NE China–New Clues to Its Relationship with the Gold and Tungsten Mineralization and the Evolution of the Paleo‐Asian Ocean

The late Paleozoic Wudaogou Group, one of the oldest metamorphic units in the eastern Yanbian area, has important tectonic and metallogenic significance. Here, we provide new insights into their protoliths, tectonic setting of the metamorphic rocks and their relationships with the gold and tungsten mineralization, using new petrographic and whole‐rock geochemical data for various lithologies within the Wudaogou Group. The protolith of the metamorphic rocks of the Wudaogou Group was intermediate–basic volcanic rocks (e.g. basaltic andesite, trachyandesite, and basalt) and sedimentary rocks including argillaceous rocks, quartz sandstone, arkose and clayish greywacke, as well as pyroclastic sedimentary rock, covering tuffaceous sandstone. Before undergoing late Paleozoic epidote–amphibolite facies regional metamorphism, these protoliths were formed during the middle–late Permian in an island arc setting within a continental margin collage zone. Combined with the regional tectonic evolution, it can be speculated that the formation and the subsequent metamorphism of the protoliths of the metamorphic rocks from the Wudaogou Group were influenced by the change from subduction to collision of the Paleo‐Asian Ocean. Similarities of the rare earth element (REE) patterns and parameters among the metamorphic rocks within the Wudaogou Group, auriferous ores from the Xiaoxi'nancha gold (copper) deposit, and scheelites from the Yangjingou tungsten deposit, together with the favorable metallogenic element contents within the metamorphic rock series, imply that the Wudaogou Group could provide parts of metallic material for the gold and tungsten mineralization in the eastern Yanbian area, as exemplified by the Yangjingou deposit and Xiaoxi'nancha deposit, respectively. Further, the metamorphic sedimentary rocks, especially the metamorphic sandstones, quartz schists and quartz mica schists within the Wudaogou Group, have closer genetic relationships with the Yangjingou tungsten mineralization. However, the specific lithologies within this group which control the gold mineralization are still uncertain, and need further research.     

祁连优地槽区块状硫化物矿床形成地质环境的初步对比研究和探讨

在成矿规律学的研究中,许多研究者常把优地槽的发展演化与矿床形成阶段相结合并力图给予模式化,认为块状硫化物矿床是优地槽发展初期的坳陷阶段,地槽基底下坳带来巨厚沉积和强烈火山作用时期,与火山和沉积作用有关的形成物(毕利宾,1950;斯米尔诺夫,1973)。     

世界首例独立碲矿床赋矿围岩的地质地球化学研究

大水沟独立碲矿床的直接赋矿围岩为低绿片岩相变质岩。前人认为其原岩为陆源碎屑岩。通过对该赋矿岩系的地质特征（包括岩相学特征与副矿物组合标型特征）、岩石化学特征、硅同位素地球化学特征和稀土元素地球化学特征（包括元素钪的地球化学特征）的研究，证明其原岩为分异程度较低的幔源拉斑玄武岩，并具有典型岩浆玄武岩的演化趋势。     

Copper mobility in the Eastern Creek Volcanics, Mount Isa, Australia: evidence from laser ablation ICP-MS of iron-titanium oxides

The Palaeoproterozoic Eastern Creek Volcanics are a series of copper-rich tholeiitic basalts which occur adjacent to the giant sediment-hosted Mount Isa copper deposit in Queensland, Australia. The volcanic rocks are often cited as the source of metals for the deposit. New laser ablation ICP-MS analyses of iron–titanium oxides from the basalts provide evidence for the local mobilisation of copper during regional greenschist facies metamorphism. This interpretation is based on the observation that copper-bearing magmatic titanomagnetite was destabilised during greenschist facies metamorphism, and the new magnetite which crystallised was copper poor. Petrological observations, regional geochemical signatures and geochemical modelling suggest that the mobilised copper was concentrated in syn-metamorphic epidote-rich alteration zones, creating a pre-concentration of copper before the main mineralisation event at Mount Isa. Geochemical modelling demonstrates this process is enhanced by the addition of CO₂ from adjacent carbonate-rich sediments during metamorphic devolatilisation. Regional geochemical data illustrate elevated copper concentrations in epidote-rich zones (high CaO), but where these zones are overprinted by potassic alteration (high K₂O), copper is depleted. A two-stage model is proposed whereby after metamorphic copper enrichment in epidote–titanite alteration zones, an oxidised potassium-rich fluid leached copper from the epidote-altered metabasalts and deposited it in the overlying sedimentary rocks to form the Mount Isa copper deposit. This ore-forming fluid is expressed regionally as potassium feldspar-rich veins and locally as biotite-rich alteration, which formed around major fluid conduits between the metabasalt metal source rocks and the overlying deposit host sequence. This model is consistent with the remobilisation of copper from mafic source rocks, as has been found at other world-class copper deposits.Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible for authorized users.     

鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7沉积期物源分析及母岩类型研究

通过对鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7砂岩的类型、轻重矿物特征、重矿物聚类分析及泥岩的地化特征研究,并结合盆地周边源区露头剖面的岩性组合资料,讨论了长7沉积期的物源方向,恢复各源区母岩性质。经研究表明:鄂尔多斯盆地长7沉积期存在五个方向物源,东北、西南为主要的物源方向,西北、南部作为次要物源方向;其中东北源区母岩以中基性岩浆岩、高级变质岩为主,西南源区母岩以白云岩、浅变质岩为主,西北源区母岩以沉积岩为主,浅变质岩次之,南部源区母岩以含灰岩、碎屑岩为主,浅变质岩次之;另外经讨论证实西部存在局限的物源供给区,母岩主要为白云岩。