刚果(金)科卢韦齐铜矿地质特征及成矿机理浅析

刚果(金)科卢韦齐铜矿位于世界第三大铜矿带中非刚果(金)-赞比亚巨型铜钴成矿带的北西部.矿体赋存在加丹加岩系的罗安群R2矿山组石英质白云岩、白云质片岩及硅质页岩中.通过对区域地质背景、矿床地质特征等分析,认为矿床形成于新元古代,产于裂陷地槽中,矿床早期受地层控制,中期受区域变质及岩浆期后热液改造,晚期受构造热液叠加及次...     

赞比亚西北省索卢韦齐县铜钴多金属矿地质特征

赞比亚西北省索卢韦齐县铜钴多金属矿主要存在三种矿化类型,第一种是层控型铜矿,矿石矿物为黄铜矿、黝铜矿、辉铜矿,多呈条带状、透镜状等形态,平行黑云石英片岩和二云石英片岩的片理展布;第二种为沉积型铜矿,受到背斜和穹窿的控制,含矿岩系主要为加丹加超群(Katanga)下部罗安组(Roan)页岩、砂岩,金属矿物主要为水胆石、孔雀石、蓝铜矿,多呈星点状、浸染状、斑杂状、团块状等分布在含矿页岩、砂岩中;第三种是热液型铜矿,充填在加丹加超群及其更老的地层中,矿化类型为黄铜矿黄铁矿石英脉型,一般为小型脉状矿床。该类型矿床可与前两类矿床叠加,使矿石品位提高。     

刚果（金）东南部加丹加成矿带遥感找矿前景分析

刚果（金）东南部的加丹加成矿带是世界著名的铜钻矿带,其铜钻矿的品位较高,地质研究程度较低,找矿潜力巨大,是我国海外铜钻矿业开发的一个重要目标区。本文以科卢韦齐一卢本巴希地区为研究区,通过1／25万区域遥感地质解译分析,结合已有的文献资料,初步圈定出7个有重大勘查前景的靶区,为开展地质勘查工作提供了首选目标。     

刚果（金）加丹加省科卢韦齐铜矿床地质特征及矿床成因

科卢韦齐(Kolwezi)铜矿床位于刚果(金)南部Kolwezi市区边部西南方向。通过研究铜矿体所在地层矿化元素的含量及变化系数,得出地层与矿体矿化特征的一致性。查明了矿床规模、矿体形态产状及矿物共生组合特征、物质成分特征、结构构造特征,并对矿物生成世代进行了详细划分,加深了对矿床成矿地质特征的认识。在前人研究的基础上,提出科卢韦齐铜矿床属于热液变质改造沉积型砂页岩铜(钴)矿床,具有典型的层控特征。     

云南省勐腊县道班河铜矿床成因分析

<正>云南省勐腊县道班河铜矿床位于兰坪-思茅中生代盆地最南端,思茅-新山铜铅锌成矿带南部,为勐腊南坡铜矿床的南延部分(吕晓宏,2011;范昆琨,2013;李波等,2013a,2013b)。矿区出露地层主要为白垩系上统曼宽河组(K2m)的泥质粉砂岩,粉砂质泥岩互层,为矿区铜矿体的主要赋矿层位;下第三系古新统勐野井组(E1m)地层出露较少,主要为钙质粉砂岩、泥岩与褐红色泥质粉砂岩、粉砂质泥岩互层,该层产出有丰富的膏盐层。矿区构造主要有金厂河-尚勇背斜,呈南北向展布,中部被     

赞比亚铜带省铜矿床地质特征及找矿标志

铜带省（Copperbelt）铜矿床位于赞比亚—刚果（金）铜矿带上,该带是世界上大的成矿带之一,因其丰富的铜矿资源和高的铜产量而闻名于世。在该铜矿带集中了世界上很多大的砂页岩型铜矿床,均赋存于姆瓦群和加丹加超群中固定的、稳定的沉积层位中,其铜矿资源储量较大。本文在介绍该矿带上铜矿床的地质特征的基础上,分析了控矿因素、矿床类型及找矿潜力,为寻找同类型的矿床及地质研究方面提供参考。     

刚果(金)卢阿拉巴省康隆卡铜钴矿床地质特征及找矿前景

刚果卢阿拉巴省隶属于非洲板块克拉通,该区发育了世界著名的加丹加弧形铜成矿带,康隆卡铜矿即产于该成矿带上.在资料系统收集和二次分析的基础上,结合大量的野外勘探工作,系统厘定康隆卡铜矿矿体特征、矿石类型、围岩蚀变特征,分析地层、构造对成矿的控制,结合物探工作,总结铜矿成矿规律.研究表明:1)矿床中矿石矿物以孔雀石、蓝铜矿、...     

中南部非洲卢富里安铜-钴矿带地层对比研究

中南部非洲新元古代卢富里安铜-钴矿带是全球最重要的沉积型铜-钴成矿带之一,加丹加超群是该成矿带中主要的沉积地层,其最下部的下罗恩亚群是最主要的赋矿岩性层位。通过对现有资料全面深入的分析对比研究认为,加丹加超群在赞比亚铜带省、西北省与刚国(金)加丹加省之间的发育特征、地层层序构造形式都存在明显差异;赞比亚和刚果(金)加丹加超群下部的罗恩群存在明显的沉积相差异,将其中岩性层位从下到上逐一对比,可能并不能真实反映下罗恩亚群在两个地区之间的差异;刚果(金)下罗恩亚群的沉积成岩时代可能比赞比亚的稍晚。     

蒿莽草类植物作为铜和钴地植物学指标植物的重新评价

文章描述了“铜花”加丹加蒿莽草和诺氏蒿莽草的分类和形态。表明草本植物的收藏标本是鉴定潜在的矿产地植物学指示植物的一个重要资源。同时，分析了采自安哥拉，刚果，赞比亚和坦桑尼亚的样品中的Ｃｏ，Ｃｕ和Ｚｎ。虽然两种植物都被了解到含有超量聚集的Ｃｏ和Ｃｕ但这种能力似乎局限于刚果的沙巴弧形铜矿带和赞比亚铜矿带的相领部分吉索卢韦齐。     

中非铜带残坡积钴矿床地质特征及找矿方向

残坡积钴矿床是近年来我国地质工作者在中非铜带上的新发现之一,矿床具有明显的水平分带和垂向分层特征,钴矿物主要为水钴矿.残坡积型钴矿床是由原生铜钴矿床蚀变碎裂岩型和滑石片岩型矿石在物理-化学条件下风化形成.残坡积钴矿床因开采条件简单、加工技术性能好而具有较大的勘查、开发和研究价值.研究发现,刚果(金)科卢韦奇-利卡西之间的加丹加铜钴矿带南部区域,是寻找残坡积钴矿床的有利区域.     

东濮凹陷北部沙河街组三段中亚段沉积环境分析

东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.     

郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论

据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

塘口水电站坝基岩体透水性和渗漏问题分析

塘口水电站大坝基础座落在断层和裂隙较发育的龟裂纹灰岩上,岩体完整性差、透水性强,多年运行后,大坝灌浆廊道和排水廊道出现多处集中性漏水,为确保大坝安全和电站正常发电,根据渗漏性质和成因,采用对灌浆廊道补充帷幕灌浆,对排水廊道进行固结+帷幕+回填灌浆。通过灌浆处理后,效果良好,表明灌浆工程有效的将导致坝基渗漏的上下游的裂隙通道封闭,并顺利的经受了随后的汛期洪水考验,大坝安全得到保障。     

Report of the restudy of the defined global stratotype of the base of the Silurian System

The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.     

Calculation of the Inverse of the Covariance

In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

Artemia in the Salt Lakes of Russia:the Productivity of Populations,the Reserves of the Cysts and the Fisheries

正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the