再生混凝土框架柱抗震性能试验研究

进行了再生粗骨料取代率分别为0%、50%、100%的3个再生混凝土框架柱低周反复荷载的对比试验,在相同轴压比、不同取代率的情况下,对普通混凝土与再生混凝土框架柱、再生混凝土框架柱之间不同取代率的破坏形态、滞回特性、延性性能、耗能特性等问题进行了对比分析。试验结果表明再生混凝土与普通混凝土框架柱的破坏过程相似,前者的滞回特性、延性和耗能均满足抗震要求,因此在有抗震设防要求地区的框架中采用再生混凝土是可行的,但再生混凝土较普通混凝土框架柱构件延性减小,耗能能力降低,不建议直接采用原有设计方法,需进行合理的构造加强措施。     

不同再生骨料取代率再生混凝土柱抗震试验研究

进行了1根普通混凝土柱和3根不同再生骨料取代率的再生混凝土柱模型的低周反复荷载试验研究,模型按1/2缩尺。在试验基础上,分析了其承载力、刚度及其退化过程、滞回特性、延性、耗能能力、破坏形态等,提出了基于混凝土强度折减的承载力实用计算方法。研究表明:随着再生骨料取代率的增加,其混凝土的弹性模量明显减小,试件初始刚度明显下降、承载力呈下降趋势、耗能值下降,抗震能力呈下降趋势。再生混凝土柱可用于多层结构轴压比较小的柱的抗震设计。     

基于延性破坏准则的再生混凝土柱抗震性能研究

为揭示再生混凝土柱的性能退化机理,根据拟静力试验现象和试验数据,对再生混凝土柱的破坏进行了量化研究。首先进行了Park-Ang破坏准则和延性破坏准则的计算验证,统计分析结果表明延性破坏准则可用于再生混凝土柱破坏计算研究。基于延性破坏准则对再生骨料取代率与混凝土强度、破坏指数的量化关系进行了研究,建立了混凝土强度退化与破坏指数的函数关系;从再生骨料界面结合能力、粘结性能和强度变化三个方面对再生混凝土柱性能退化规律进行了解释说明,考虑再生骨料取代率和混凝土强度的影响,提出了改进的再生混凝土柱延性破坏准则。研究结果表明：考虑混凝土强度影响的改进延性破坏准则计算结果更接近于1.0,且离散性较低,更准确的定义了再生混凝土柱的破坏。综合再生混凝土柱试验现象、破坏规律及破坏指数计算结果,给出了再生混凝土柱的延性准则破坏评价标准,相关研究成果可用于再生混凝土柱的破坏评估和震损鉴定。     

再生混凝土高剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

再生混凝土剪力墙适用于多层住宅结构.为了研究再生混凝土剪力墙和再生混凝土带暗支撑剪力墙的抗震性能,进行了5个剪跨比为2.0的高剪力墙的低周反复荷载试验研究.试验模型包括:1个用作比较的普通混凝土高剪力墙,3个再生混凝土高剪力墙,1个再生混凝土带暗支撑高剪力墙.分析了其承载力、刚度及其退化过程、耗能、延性、破坏特征和破坏机制等.试验表明:与普通混凝土高剪力墙相比,再生混凝土高剪力墙的抗震性能略差;随着再生骨料掺量的增加,再生混凝土高剪力墙的抗震性能呈下降趋势;这种再生混凝土高剪力墙,经过合理设计可以满足多层剪力墙住宅结构抗震要求.     

再生混凝土低矮剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

为了研究不同再生骨料取代率对剪力墙性能的影响,进行了4个剪跨比为1.0的低矮剪力墙的低周反复荷载试验研究,包括1个普通混凝土剪力墙和3个再生混凝土剪力墙.在试验的基础上,分析了各剪力墙的承载力、延性、刚度、滞回特征、耗能及破坏特征.研究表明:与普通混凝土剪力墙相比,再生混凝土低矮剪力墙的抗震性能略差,且随着再生骨料掺量的增加,再生混凝土剪力墙的性能呈下降趋势;暗支撑的设置能够明显改善再生混凝土低矮剪力墙的抗震性能;在一定的条件下,再生混凝土可用于一些剪力墙结构的抗震设计.     

再生混凝土框架抗震性能试验研究

通过2榀再生骨料掺量分别为25%、50%的再生混凝土框架和1榀普通对比混凝土框架的低周反复加载试验,研究了再生混凝土框架的受力全过程、开裂荷载和极限承载力、破坏形态,分析了再生混凝土框架的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、变形性能、耗能能力等抗震性能,并和普通混凝土框架进行了对比分析。研究结果表明,随着再生骨料掺量的增加,再生混凝土框架的极限承载力、变形能力、耗能能力等抗震性能没有明显降低,再生混凝土框架具有较好的抗震性能,再生混凝土框架应用于实际工程是可行的。文中研究成果可为再生混凝土框架结构的工程应用提供依据。     

混凝土核心筒的水平双向循环加载试验研究

为了研究地震多维性对于混凝土核心筒抗震性能的影响,对大尺寸混凝土核心筒试件进行了水平双向加载下的拟静力试验.重点研究在双向加载下,核心筒的破坏形态与机理、承载能力、变形性能、刚度退化等方面的问题.结果表明,由于水平双向加载下简体一个方向的损伤影响到另一个方向的性能,因而对混凝土核心筒的抗震能力造成不利影响.因此,在实际工程中应合理地考虑这种影响,这对于确保混凝土核心筒的抗震安全具有重要意义.     

再生混凝土砖砌体抗压性能试验研究

再生混凝土砖是利用废弃混凝土作为骨料制作的一种砖,作为再生混凝土砖砌体抗震性能研究的基础,文中进行了18个不同砂浆强度的再生混凝土砖砌体的抗压性能试验。测试分析了各试件的承载力、变形和破坏过程,得到了再生混凝土砖砌体的抗压强度、弹性模量和泊松比。研究表明:再生混凝土砖砌体与普通黏土砖砌体相比,承载力略低,抗压强度退化略快,弹性模量和泊松比接近;随着砌筑砂浆强度的提高,再生混凝土砖砌体的承载力和变形能力提高,弹性模量增大。再生混凝土砖砌体可用于多层砌体房屋结构抗震设计。     

等幅侧向位移循环下柱混凝土纤维应变规律的试验研究

在已完成的包括16个构件的等位移循环加载钢筋混凝土柱的系列试验中，通过在其中3根柱的塑性铰区沿混凝土受力方向安设位移计，较准确测定了混凝土测试标距内的平均应变在一个加载循环内的变化规律及其随周数增长的变化规律；发现了单周最大压应变随周数的增长而持续增大，单周最大名义拉应变随周数增长而持续减小的重要现象；并与柱顶水平力-水平位移滞回规律实测结果相对应，结合截面受力特征对所得单周和多周应变变化规律的成因作了分析。     

再生混凝土短柱抗震性能试验研究

本文进行了4个剪跨比为1.75的再生混凝土短柱模型抗震性能对比试验,模型按1/2缩尺。模型1为普通混凝土短柱,模型2为再生粗细骨料取代率均为50%的再生混凝土短柱,模型3为再生粗细骨料取代率均为100%的再生混凝土短柱,模型4为再生粗细骨料取代率均为100%且带交叉钢筋的再生混凝土短柱。分析了各模型的承载力、刚度及其退化过程、滞回特性、位移延性、耗能能力、破坏形态。研究表明:随着再生骨料取代率的增加,其混凝土的弹性模量明显减小,试件初始刚度、承载力、耗能能力明显下降;加设交叉钢筋的试件抗震性能显著提高;再生混凝土柱可以在轴压比较小的结构中应用。提出了基于再生混凝土强度折减的承载力简化计算方法,计算结果与实测值符合较好。     

CFRP约束预压混凝土棱柱的轴压试验研究

通过42个混凝土棱柱体的轴压试验,研究了混凝土、CFRP约束混凝土和CFRP约束预压混凝土3种情况的棱柱体试件在轴压力作用下的应力-应变关系,与此同时还得出了混凝土方柱在预压后用CFRP加固再受荷时,试件的峰值应力随预加轴压比的增加的变化规律,并给出了考虑预加轴压比影响的峰值应力的计算公式,为在役混凝土结构构件的加固设计提供试验依据.     

Experimental evaluation of rectangular reinforced concrete column behaviour under biaxial cyclic loading

The cyclic behaviour of reinforced concrete columns has been the subject of many experimental studies in recent years. However, most of these studies have focused on the unidirectional loading of columns with square cross‐sections under constant axial loading conditions. In the present study, four types of full‐scale quadrangular building columns were tested under different types of loading, including uniaxial and biaxial loading conditions. The first two specimens of each column type were independently cyclically tested in the strong and weak directions. Bidirectional tests using different loading paths were performed on the other column specimens. All columns were tested under constant axial loading conditions. In this paper, the experimental results are presented, and the global behaviour of tested columns is discussed, particularly focusing on the stiffness and strength degradation because of the increasing cyclic demand. Finally, the deformation‐based performance limits proposed in Part 3 of Eurocode 8 were calculated and compared with the experimental results. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

反复荷载下型钢混凝土柱受扭损伤试验研究

为研究型钢混凝土柱在反复荷载下的受扭损伤,完成了11根型钢混凝土柱和1根钢筋混凝土柱复合受扭试验。通过试验观察了构件的受力过程和破坏特征,研究两种不同型钢混凝土柱的裂缝开展与分布规律。基于能量守恒定律,考察了柱截面配钢形式、扭弯比、轴压比、混凝土强度等级、配箍率以及配钢率对累积损伤的影响。研究结果表明:型钢混凝土柱的损伤演变分为3个阶段:弹性阶段、弹塑性阶段和破坏阶段;配钢形式、扭弯比和配箍率是影响型钢混凝土柱损伤程度的重要因素;配型钢,降低扭弯比和提高配箍率对于损伤指标分别最大降低了22.1%、14.3%和14.0%;损伤指标受轴压比、配钢率和混凝土强度等级影响程度较小。     

反复荷载作用下型钢混凝土L形柱的受力性能

为了揭示型钢混凝土L形柱在地震作用下的受力性能,设计8个试件进行低周反复加载试验.试验分两批,第一批4个试件采用"建研式"加载,另外4个采用"悬臂柱式"加载.试验中考虑截面配钢形式、荷载加载方向、轴压比和剪跨比4个参数的影响.由试验获得了型钢混凝土L形柱的主要破坏形态和滞回曲线,分析了各参数对构件的破坏特点及滞回性能的影响,并对不同加载方式的试验结果进行了理论诠释.结果表明:型钢混凝土L形柱的破坏形态主要为剪切斜压破坏、剪弯破坏和弯曲破坏,破坏形态与剪跨比有关;构件具有良好的延性,极限侧移角大,耗能能力强,抗震性能好;L形柱截面不对称,采用"悬臂柱式"加载时,滞回曲线不对称,而"建研式"加载时,由于受到加载装置上下端头的约束,试件的滞回曲线对称.在框架结构中型钢混凝土L形柱受到刚性楼盖的约束,在水平荷载作用下滞回曲线是对称的.研究结果可供工程设计参考.     

开洞薄钢板剪力墙低周反复荷载试验研究

薄板墙的滞回曲线在零位移附近有零刚度现象,存在明显的捏缩效应,常规方法是直接采用中厚板或通过强大的加劲体系将薄板转化成中厚板,但这将降低薄板墙的经济性。通过两片开洞薄钢板墙低周反复荷载试验,系统地研究了开洞钢板墙的破坏过程和破坏机理,得到了承载力,侧移刚度,延性和耗能能力等指标。试验结果表明,开洞钢板墙有较高的承载力和侧移刚度,延性和耗能能力很好。开洞不仅可以满足门窗洞口等建筑需求,而且可以减小内填板宽度,调节内填板与框架的刚度比,避免薄板墙的捏缩效应,使构件有更高的安全储备,开洞钢板墙是一种理想的水平抗侧力构件。     

Variations of electric resistance and H2 and Rn emissions of concrete blocks under increasing uniaxial compression

Electric resistance and emissions of hydrogen and radon isotopes of concrete (which is somewhat similar to fault-zone materials) under increasing uniaxial compression were continuously monitored to check whether they show any pre- and post-failure changes that may correspond to similar changes reported for earthquakes. The results show that all these parameters generally begin to increase when the applied stresses reach 20% to 90% of the corresponding failure stresses, probably due to the occurrence and growth of dilatant microcracks in the specimens. The prefailure changes have different patterns for different specimens, probably because of differences in spatial and temporal distributions of the microcracks. The resistance shows large co-failure increases, and the gas emissions show large post-failure increases. The post-failure increase of radon persists longer and stays at a higher level than that of hydrogen, suggesting a difference in the emission mechanisms for these two kinds of gases. The H₂ increase may be mainly due to chemical reaction at the crack surfaces while they are fresh, whereas the Rn increases may be mainly the result of the increased emanation area of such surfaces. The results suggest that monitoring of resistivity and gas emissions may be useful for predicting earthquakes and failures of concrete structures.     

Seismic performance of interior precast concrete beam-column connections with T-section steel inserts under cyclic loading

An experimental investigation was conducted to study the performance of precast beam-column concrete connections using T-section steel inserts into the concrete beam and joint core, under reversed cyclic loading. Six 2/3-scale interior beam-column subassemblies, one monolithic concrete specimen and five precast concrete specimens were tested. One precast specimen was a simple connection for a gravity load resistant design. Other precast specimens were developed with different attributes to improve their seismic performance. The test results showed that the performance of the monolithic specimen M1 represented ductile seismic behavior. Failure of columns and joints could be prevented, and the failure of the frame occurred at the flexural plastic hinge formation at the beam ends, close to the column faces. For the precast specimens, the splitting crack along the longitudinal lapped splice was a major failure. The precast P5 specimen with double steel T-section inserts showed better seismic performance compared to the other precast models. However, the dowel bars connected to the steel inserts were too short to develop a bond. The design of the precast concrete beams with lap splice is needed for longer lap lengths and should be done at the beam mid span or at the low flexural stress region.     

Settlements under consecutive series of cyclic loading

In this study, consolidation settlements of soft clay caused by cyclic loading and the affecting factors such as number of cycles and stress level were experimentally investigated. A group of samples prepared in slurry consolidometer in the laboratory were tested using cyclic simple shear testing device. Normally consolidated samples were subjected to five consecutive series of cyclic loading and drainage for 60 min were applied between each cyclic loading stages. Cyclic tests were performed with stress controlled two-way sinusoidal wave loading with different stress levels and number of cycles. Frequency of cyclic loading was constant as 0.1 Hz. As a result of this study, it can be concluded that soft clays subjected to undrained cyclic loading and drainage cycles exhibit more resistance against subsequent cyclic shear stresses. The consolidation settlements, pore pressures and shear strains decrease after each stage of cyclic loading.     

往复荷载作用下锈蚀钢筋混凝土柱黏结滑移模型及数值模拟研究

为实现地震作用下锈蚀钢筋混凝土柱精细化数值模拟分析,基于已有研究成果建立往复荷载作用下锈蚀钢筋与混凝土间的黏结滑移本构模型:结合课题组前期试验结果,采用ABAQUS有限元分析软件对建立的黏结滑移本构模型进行有效性验证,通过对数值计算结果与试验结果之间误差分析,进一步对黏结滑移模型中的摩擦黏结应力系数和退化系数进行修正,...