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1.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):107-118
Abstract The starting point of this paper is the idea that a comprehensive understanding of the earth and its systems calls for consideration of bygone views of the world. Creating facsimiles of antique globes in the form of digital globes provides a new opportunity to make such bygone world views accessible to a wide scientific audience. However, up to now, little practical experience in applying digital technology on globes has been made. Considering these attempts by thorough synopsis, this article deduces a comprehensive approach on virtual representations of antique globes that can be described by the superordinate concept of virtual representation. This concept comprises facilities of data acquisition of the original globe, ways of visualising the digitised globe and its final cartographic preparation. Applications that arise from this procedure are exemplified through both virtual hyperglobes and tactile hyperglobes. New findings on a 16th century earth globe are encouraging results of the presented virtual representation approach, which may offer a sustainable visualisation platform of interdisciplinary research. 相似文献
2.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(4):293-311
We address the registration problem of multisource three-dimensional (3D) human-made buildings with remote sensing images and the earth's surface in the context of virtual globes. Challenges include fast transformation of 3D coordinates with different reference systems as well as the efficient use of original model information for rigorous and accurate model registration. This paper introduces a novel fast and scalable registration approach that can establish correspondences between heterogeneous external 3D city models and images/terrain surfaces of virtual globes in an efficient and accurate manner. The approach utilizes the projected 3D feature information of 3D city models to develop robust coordinate transformation and reliable model registration methods. The proposed approach builds a solid foundation for the fusion of multisource geospatial data in a united virtual globe reference framework. We report experimental results of online registration tasks for up to over 13K buildings in an integrated 3D virtual globe platform, namely, GeoGlobe. 相似文献
3.
Wumeng Huang 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2020,13(9):998-1016
ABSTRACT The scene-rendering mechanism based on binocular vision is one of the key techniques for the VR globe to achieve immersion-type visualization of global 3D scenes. However, this special rendering mechanism also requires that the 3D scene is continuously drawn twice within one frame, which significantly affects the rendering efficiency of VR globes. Therefore, we propose a binocular parallel rendering method. This method first improves the current rendering process of VR globes by assigning the rendering tasks for the left and right camera of VR to be processed on different CPU cores, thereby achieving parallel rendering of binocular scenes. Second, due to the problem of inconsistent resolution of binocular scenes caused by different viewpoints for the left and right cameras, we propose a resolution synchronize algorithm. this algorithm conducts real-time synchronization on the resolution of scene in the rendering process and thus avoids the problem of erroneous binocular stereo matching. Finally, we validate the effectiveness of the method in this paper through experiments. The results of experiments indicate that while the method in this paper can ensure the consistency of binocular scene resolution, it can decrease the frame time of VR globes by approximately 27% on average. 相似文献
4.
Hyunhee Park 《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(1):92-93
Abstract
5.
提出了一种面向虚拟地球的海陆地形多尺度不规则三角网（triangulated irregular network,TIN）建模及球面快速可视化方法。利用贪心插入TIN表面简化算法构建海陆地形的离线TIN金字塔,并设计了一种高效的虚拟节点结构,对各级TIN构网实施无缝分割和分层分块存储。在利用离线TIN地形金字塔实现多尺度海陆TIN地形的快速检索和三维场景生成的基础上,通过一种接边关系编解码方案实时消除TIN地形渲染时的裂缝,最终实现多尺度海陆TIN地形场景的高效可视化。实验结果表明,该方法能显著减少海面渲染所需的面片数,并实现岛礁、海岸等破碎地形的高保真度表达,有效改善了传统虚拟地球系统采用规则格网（Gird）模式绘制海陆地形导致大量几何冗余和表达失真等缺陷。 相似文献
6.
The virtual globe is the default visualization for Digital Earth applications, but it can only show one half of the Earth. This article introduces user-adjustable, on-the-fly projection of georeferenced raster images for web mapping and web GIS applications. This technique allows users to center a map on arbitrary locations, while still seeing the entire Earth surface. Modern web mapping libraries can apply map projection transformations to vector data in the browser, but they do not currently support the projection of raster images at interactive frame rates. We use the cross-platform WebGL (Web Graphics Library) graphics pipeline for hardware-accelerated projection of raster data in web browsers. Two algorithmic techniques – inverse per-fragment projection, and combined forward per-triangle and inverse per-fragment projection – for georeferenced raster imagery are documented. The resulting raster maps combine the ease of use and flexibility of interactive virtual globes with the ability to show the entire Earth. The adjustable projection of raster imagery allows users to observe global phenomena that are difficult to visualize on virtual globes or traditional maps with static projections. 相似文献
7.
Virtual globes enable the combination of heterogeneous datasets for optimal routing analyses in transportation, environmental ecology, and construction engineering. In this study, considering the advantages of the hierarchical tiling structure and topography of virtual globes, we propose a tile‐based optimal routing method for large‐scale road networks in a virtual globe. This method designs a topographically preserved road‐network tile model by partitioning roads into tiles and constructs the road‐network pyramid from the bottom to the top. During construction, a TileArc is calculated and flagged as the shortest path in a tile. Based on the built road‐network pyramid carrying hierarchical TileArcs, a multi‐level and flexible shortest path query can be executed efficiently. The proposed method is implemented with large road networks with different road grades in a virtual globe. Experimental results verify its validity, efficiency, and exactness. Moreover, the length of the shortest path with surface distance is approximately 1.3 times longer than that with Euclidean distance. 相似文献
8.
针对三维虚拟地球中实时GIS数据组织、管理与动态可视化的要求,设计了三维虚拟地球中移动对象的时空数据组织方法。提出了基于HR-tree扩展的时空索引方法,实现了对虚拟地球中移动对象的检索与查询,并基于三维虚拟地球平台对本文方法进行了实验,结果验证了本文方法的有效性和可行性。 相似文献
9.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(6):431-450
Typhoons are usually accompanied by strong winds, heavy rain, storm surges and other disastrous events, and they are the most severe weather phenomena in the western part of the North Pacific Ocean. Visualisation is a key technology for analysing and presenting climate simulations and observations together with related social and ecological data. Virtual globes are a logical platform for visualising such geospatial data via the Internet. To implement interactive visualisation of typhoon data within virtual globes, this study provides a 3D texture-mapping algorithm to render volume textures on a globe. In addition, a systematic framework is proposed in which a hierarchical octree-based multiresolution data structure is implemented to organise the large volume dataset, and a graphics processing unit-based dynamic interpolation approach is proposed to obtain a smooth effect. Finally, the structure is combined with a level of detail strategy to enable the rendering of dynamic volumetric data at an acceptable interactive frame rate. To demonstrate the capabilities of this framework, data for a simulated typhoon event were rendered in World Wind, an open-source virtual globe. The experimental results demonstrate that the application of the proposed strategies can result in an interactive visualisation performance that renders typhoon data on virtual globes. 相似文献
10.
台风作为一种热带气旋,是影响我国东南沿海区域的主要灾害性天气。台风可视化是台风研究及预报应用的重要组成部分,在防灾减灾中发挥着重要作用。但是由于数据量巨大,台风动态交互可视化很难在网络环境下实现。虚拟地球技术的出现提供了一个新的网络可视化平台,提高了公众参与的能力,但是其很难支持专业的气象应用。基于开源的虚拟地球平台构建台风动态可视化环境,首先介绍了坐标转换、数据组织和基于GPU的体可视化这些关键技术,然后详细介绍了系统的主要功能,并在World Wind开源平台上实现相关功能的开发,最后通过一个具体的案例证明了系统的有效性和实用性。 相似文献
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In this paper we introduce analytical three-dimensional (3D) views as a means for effective and comprehensible information delivery, using virtual globes and the third dimension as an additional information carrier. Four case studies are presented, in which information extraction results from very high spatial resolution (VHSR) satellite images were conditioned and aggregated or disaggregated to regular spatial units. The case studies were embedded in the context of: (1) urban life quality assessment (Salzburg/Austria); (2) post-disaster assessment (Harare/Zimbabwe); (3) emergency response (Lukole/Tanzania); and (4) contingency planning (faked crisis scenario/Germany). The results are made available in different virtual globe environments, using the implemented contextual data (such as satellite imagery, aerial photographs, and auxiliary geodata) as valuable additional context information. Both day-to-day users and high-level decision makers are addressees of this tailored information product. The degree of abstraction required for understanding a complex analytical content is balanced with the ease and appeal by which the context is conveyed. 相似文献
13.
现有的虚拟地球中的海面可视化方法主要采用投影网格的方式组织海面格网,这种特殊的网格组织方式,导致其在反映不同海域差异性特征时存在缺陷。基于全球离散格网的海面可视化方法由于能够与虚拟地球离散的空间剖分相匹配,有效弥补了投影网格法的缺陷,因此更符合虚拟地球海面仿真应用的需要。然而现有的离散格网法存在绘制效率差、场景加载慢、需要修补格网缝隙等问题,限制了其应用发展。对此,本文在现有离散格网法基础上进行优化:首先,在数据结构上对传统等经纬度离散格网进行扩展,设计了一种面向GPU绘制的多尺度海面网格模型来组织管理海面格网;其次,为了实现风场驱动下的海浪动态绘制,在多尺度海面网格模型的基础上提出了一种支持实时风场更新的海浪动态绘制方法;同时,考虑到格网缝隙修补对系统效率的影响,本文针对海面格网特点并结合GPU技术提出了一种高效的海面格网缝隙修补方法。最后通过对比试验验证了本文方法的可行性和有效性。试验结果表明,本文方法绘制效率稳定,加载速度快,且能弥补现有方法在功能上的缺失,因此应用范围更加广泛。 相似文献
14.
利用采集到的楼盘相关地形图、航片、平面设计图和属性数据，运用虚拟现实建模技术，编程实现了基于ArcObjects的房地产三维导购系统。此系统可让用户进行室内室外的漫游浏览，通过视觉和感觉上的沉浸感，身临其境的观察、了解和体验虚拟居住环境，从而做出正确的购房选择。 相似文献
15.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):44-58
Abstract Gaia Journeys is a collaborative multimedia musical and virtual reality art performance conceived by author Williams, with the aid of staff at the Denver Museum of Nature & Science. Inspired by astronauts who spoke of seeing a border-less world from orbit, Gaia Journeys’ chief goal was to deliver this experience to museum audiences via photo-realistic virtual depictions of the Earth (from orbit as well as via spherical photographic panoramas taken from the ground) choreographed to live musical accompaniment. Gaia Journeys took place in the high resolution digital ‘fulldome’ Gates Planetarium, with Williams playing the violin and keyboards, enhancing a previously recorded backing track, while visuals were generated with SCISS AB's Uniview. The eight tracks of audio were three-dimensionally spatialised to the 16.4 sound system of the Gates Planetarium, providing an immersive sound experience to match the visuals. The audience feedback was generally positive, with great interest in repeat or similar future programming. These visitor evaluations suggest the potent power of the new class of digital planetaria for displaying virtual globe datasets to the public, via both multimedia entertainment like Gaia Journeys as well as traditional lectures. 相似文献
16.
《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(3):245-254
AbstractThe author offers advice on the storage needs of sheet maps, folded maps, oversized volumes, wall maps, globes, relief models in library and archive settings. 相似文献
17.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(6):582-603
ABSTRACTPublic understanding of climate and climate change is of broad societal importance. However, misconceptions regarding reasons for the seasons abound amongst students, teachers, and the public, many of whom believe that seasonality is caused by large variations in Earth’s distance from the Sun. Misconceptions may be reinforced by textbook illustrations that exaggerate eccentricity or show an inclined view of Earth’s near-circular orbit. Textbook explanations that omit multiple factors influencing seasons, that do not mesh with students’ experiences, or that are erroneous, hinder scientifically valid reasoning. Studies show that many teachers share their students’ misconceptions, and even when they understand basic concepts, teachers may fail to appreciate the range of factors contributing to seasonal change, or their relative importance. We have therefore developed a learning resource using Google Earth, a virtual globe with other useful, weather- and climate-related visualizations. A classroom test of 27 undergraduates in a public research university showed that 15 improved their test scores after the Google Earth-based laboratory class, whereas 5 disimproved. Mean correct answers rose from 4.7/10 to 6/10, giving a paired t-test value of 0.21. After using Google Earth, students are helped to segue to a heliocentric view. 相似文献
18.
In the virtual globe system, ever higher performance is demanded for high quality service, especially when requesting intensive data from large‐scale networks, such as large scene 3D city models with fine textures. Extending the virtual globe platform from the present centralized mode into a decentralized mode can significantly improve platform capacity and service quality without additional investment in hardware, but presents new challenges such as the time cost of finding a peer, unstable offering, and low service capacity. A GeoODP2P network is designed based on specific features of spatial data transmission. Next, we discuss peer selection mechanisms that relieve the negative influence of peers, and propose a pre‐fetch mechanism that takes advantage of the unique characteristics of the P2P environment. This article implements a simulation system for a GeoODP2P network and presents a prototype platform that incorporates P2P functionality. Peer selection and pre‐fetch mechanisms are studied and tested on this simulation system. The prototype platform run in a real scenario demonstrates the effectiveness of applying P2P to a virtual globe platform. 相似文献
19.
Luana Valentini Maria Antonia Brovelli Giorgio Zamboni 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2014,7(4):336-350
In this article, we present the realisation of a multi-frame and multi-dimensional WebGIS that allows users to simultaneously analyse a specific portion of the Earth taking into account the historical information, too. Two graphical panels have been realised: one for the usual 2D view and one for a more realistic 3D view. Both panels display historical maps of the city, the current orthophoto and the digital topographical map. The 3D frame is based on NASA World Wind, an open source virtual globe from where 3D buildings are shown extruding the 2D shapes using their mean height. Thanks to a specifically designed graphical user interface, it is also possible to dynamically thematise the buildings on the globe according to different criteria (e.g. the construction time span) so that only the geometries fulfilling the request are turned on. Within the proposed application, a synchronisation between the two panels has been implemented, in order to maintain a constant alignment of the two viewers. The application is also open to the time dimension. In fact, assigning to each geometry two dates (e.g. ‘year of construction’ and ‘year of demolition’), it is possible to dynamically view how buildings have changed over time, both in their shape and height. Future developments of this work will concern the possibility of implementing a city model with a higher level of detail. 相似文献
20.
ABSTRACTVirtual globes are technologies for visual navigation through a three-dimensional, multi-resolution model of the entire planet. Data representations used in virtual globes, however, lack geometric flexibility at high-resolution levels of the planet-wide terrain surface. This is a problem especially if boundaries between individual geospatial features and the terrain are important. A novel integration of individual polygonal boundaries with a specific multi-resolution representation of the planet-wide terrain is developed in this article. In the preparation stage, the integration relies on an original simplification algorithm applied to the polygonal boundaries between geospatial features and the terrain. Its output is a multiple level-of-detail (LOD) geometry, which can be combined with a known multi-LOD representation of the terrain that uses run-time triangulation. This data representation is suitable for storage in existing database systems, avoids any data redundancy across LODs, and is even independent of the subdivision schema that partitions the planet's surface for the sake of dealing with LODs. At run-time, a novel reconstruction algorithm stitches geometric parts from different LODs together in a manner that augments the multi-LOD representation of the terrain. Within a certain proximity range from a given position, the method reconstructs a scene that preserves topological relations between the boundaries of geospatial features with the terrain. The method also guarantees that certain nearest proximity to the given position consists of the best geometries that correspond to the original datasets. Such properties of the method close up the gap between a mere exploratory visualization of static, pre-generated models and the models supporting geospatial analysis, which is deemed crucial for applications in Geographic Information Systems, Building Information Modelling and other software industries. A prototype implementation and experiment results that prove this method are also presented. 相似文献