云南云县地震台迁建观测站概述

大临铁路的修建,对云县地震台地震观测环境造成严重干扰.为支持重大项目建设,妥善处理铁路建设与地震观测环境保护的关系,云南省地震局确定以"主体保住云县地震台,受影响大的测项迁出到合适的场地"为原则来解决云县地震台观测环境保护问题.迁建过程中,地震部门高度重视,建立协调推进机制,并依法科学决策;台站干部职工主动介入,密切配...     

应用爆破检验KM-n程序定位精度的研究

采用云南区域数据地震遥测台网近震定位程序“KM—n”,分别测定了2005年1月11～27日进行的“04昆深工程”中18个点位的人工地震参数,以此检验台网近震定位程序“KM—n”的可靠性及台网的地震监测能力。洲定结果表明,对于记录波形初动清晰的人工地震,如果台站位置分布较好,参与定位的台站选择适当,用“KM—n”定位,结果相当准确可靠,误差在2km范围内。     

The upper mantle anisotropy in Yunnan area, China

Introduction The study of the upper mantle anisotropy in Yunnan area benefits the research of deep structure of Sichuan-Yunnan active block and the characteristics of deformation field, the analysis of the coupling relations among different layers of the earth and the promotion of understanding the relation between anisotropy and stress-strain field and geological construction processes. The research results would be of important significance for the interpretation of movement of plates, the …     

用H/V谱比法计算云南区域数字地震台站的场地响应

用H/V谱比法,计算给出了云南区域数字地震台网23个子台S波随频率变化的台站场地响应特征。结果表明:在1～10Hz频段内,23个子台S波的场地响应相对较平坦,在1.41～2.91之间变化,平均2.08;在大于10Hz的高频段,部分台站的场地响应有较明显的放大。     

华东地区台站偏差的研究

用华东地区十年地震资料和迭代方法，在华东走时表的基础上，计算出百余地震台站的作为距离的函数的走时偏差值，将这些结果当做台站校正值用于地震定位，定位精度得到明显提高。     

江西数字测震台网建设效益分析

介绍“十五”江西数字测震台网建设的基本情况,分析台站布局、观测动态范围和台基环境地噪声水平对台网地震监测能力的影响,阐述江西数字测震台网技术成果及所取得的社会经济效益.实现与邻省台网的联网与数据共享后,台网监测能力得到提高.     

首都圈地区SKS波分裂研究

通过分析首都圈数字地震台网的49个宽频带和甚宽带台站的远震SKS波形资料,采用最小切向能量的网格搜索法和叠加分析方法,求得每一个台站的SKS快波偏振方向和快、慢波的时间延迟,获得了首都圈地区上地幔各向异性图象.首都圈地区的各向异性快波方向基本上呈WNW-ESE方向,快、慢波时间延迟为0.56-1.56 s.研究表明,首都圈地区上地幔存在明显的各向异性,引起各向异性的主要原因是研究区受太平洋板块俯冲作用下软流圈物质变形,使得上地幔橄榄岩等晶体的晶格优势取向沿物质流动方向.另外,中国大陆受印度板块与欧亚板块的强烈碰撞,大陆西部地壳增厚隆起,同时造成物质东向挤出,使得首都圈地区上地幔物质沿快波方向变形.通过研究区各向异性快波方向和伸展运动方向与GPS测量得到的速度场对比分析,首都圈地区壳幔变形可能具有垂直连贯变形特征.     

云南测震台网地震监测能力分析

2018年1月云南省测震台网示范工程20个新增测震台建设完成,选取原有48个台以及新增20个台连续48小时数据记录,基于近震震级公式,计算并网前后云南省测震台网的地震监测能力,对比测震台增加前后的地震监测能力,发现:云南省地震监测能力由ML 2.2提升到ML 1.6,局部地区由ML1.4提升到ML0.8。     

区域地震台网地震定位能力分析

本文提出了分析区域地震台网地震定位能力的一种通用方法.在分析过程中考虑了如下事实:当改变地震震级和震源在台网区域内的位置时,能读出 P 震相和 S 震相到时的台站组合也随之改变.作为一个实例,具体分析了北京遥测地震台网的定位能力.北京台网现有19个台站,覆盖面积约为300公里400公里.根据观测资料,建立了确定每个台站检测能力(作为台站仪器放大倍数和地震震级的函数)的经验公式.然后,对每个给定震级和震源位置的可能事件,确定其子台网的构成.在这些子台网的基础上,利用奇异值分解技术,对事先设定的到时数据标准误差计算出震源座标的误差分布和线性化条件方程组的条件数分布.对给定震级(例如,ML=1.0,2.0或3.0),将计算结果绘成等值线图.为了进行比较,还分析了一个包括61个台站的北京台网扩建方案,从而可以预先估计未来台网的地震定位能力.      

单纯形定位方法在新疆数字地震台网的测定精度分析

地震定位是地震学中最基本的问题之一,现阶段大部分采用基于走时的方法。单纯形定位方法作为一种直接搜索类的方法,在新疆测震台网日常地震目录产出中发挥了重要作用。本文采用数值模拟的方法,利用新疆测震台网现有布局,结合“3400”走时表,分析单纯形定位方法在新疆测震台网的测定精度。研究表明,对于新疆测震台网网内浅源地震,单纯形定位方法能够得出较为精确的震中位置,而得出的网外地震震中位置存在一定偏差;初至折射波对震源深度有一定的控制能力,速度模型的准确性对震源深度和发震时刻的测定影响较大。     

A study on the focal parameters of Shidian M =5.9 earthquake sequences in 2001

On the basis of about 300 earthquake wave forms observed in the Shidian M _S=5.9 sequences on April 12, 2001 recorded in Kunming Digital Seismic Network, the spectra of shear wave have been used to estimate the focal parameters of these earthquake sequences. The results show that within the magnitude range of 1.5–5.3, the seismic moments are 10¹⁰–10¹⁶ N·m, the corner frequencies are 0.2–0.8 Hz, radii of the focal rupture are 200–2 500 m and the stress drops are 0.1×10⁵–20×10⁵Pa. Through the statistical analyses of variation of corner frequency f _c and stress drop Δσ with time, it is discovered that the average corner frequency of the foreshock sequences is obviously lower than that of the aftershock sequences. Contrarily, the average stress drops Δσ of the foreshock sequences are clearly higher than that of the aftershocks. It is considered that these variation characteristics of average corner frequency and stress drops before and after the main shock have index significance to the precursory information before a strong earthquake. The higher stress drops for the foreshock sequences show that the higher shear stresses have been stored in the area of main shock. After the main shock, most of the stresses have been released, so the aftershock sequences show a rupture process of lower stresses. Foundation item: Scientific and Technological Key Project of Yunnan Province (2001NG46)     

山西数字遥测地震台网监测能力评估

根据台网布局和实际获得的参数，运用反推方法，对山西数字遥测地震台网和模拟遥测地震动中网的监控能力进行了对比分析，粗定了数字遥测地震台网速报责任区的范围，并对数字遥测地震台网的大震响应能力进行了讨论，依据数字化台网的两期改造方案，估算了其监控能力，结果表明，目前山西数字遥测地震台网中部和南部的台站密度明显不够，北部监控能力为1.8级，中部监控能力为2.3级，南部监控能力为2.5级，山西数字遥测地震台网对网中大震参数的测定能力为6.6级。     

Three dimensional velocity structure beneath the Kunming Telemetered Seismic Network

Ｔｈｒｅｅ　ｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌ　ｖｅｌｏｃｉｔｙ　ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ　ｂｅｎｅａｔｈ　ｔｈｅ　Ｋｕｎｍｉｎｇ　Ｔｅｌｅｍｅｔｅｒｅｄ　Ｓｅｉｓｍｉｃ　Ｎｅｔｗｏｒｋ（王椿镛）（王溪莉）（颜其中）Ｔｈｒｅｅｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌｖｅｌｏｃｉｔｙｓｔ...     

北京遥测地震台网中心监测台

为适应华北联网后的北京遥测地震台网中心监测工作的扩展，研制了ＢＪＣ－２型北京遥测台网中心监测台，本监测台可溶纳７５路地震信息，可对台网的运行情况一目了然。维护台网的同时可方便与外台维修人员对话，设有故障告警，地震造警及定时告警，本监测台具有１８项功能，为地震监测值班人员提供了监控和检测的方便条件。     

中国地震预警延迟时间算法及其对预警盲区的影响研究

通过分析预警系统的预警步骤来探讨影响获得预警时间的因素,并与瑞士地震台网预警延迟各步骤进行对比,得出中国地震预警系统仪器延迟时间为7.6s。提出地震波到台站所需时间的算法,较震中假设在台站中间的传统算法更为准确,在此算法下采用双台法和四台法计算接收地震波所需时间,得到中国地震预警延迟时间。讨论双台法和四台法在不同震源深度和台站密度下对预警盲区大小的影响,在台间距小于20km时,2种方法预警盲区差异不大。通过理论计算得出,在台站到达一定密度时,预警系统仪器延迟时间缩短比台站加密对预警盲区的缩小更有效。     

新疆数字化地震台网业务运行管理系统

新疆数字化地震台网业务运行管理系统具有对地震台站业务考评、网络及设备信息、台站参数、系统运维、数据共享、大震速报、速报编目数据统计和台网资料等信息管理功能。该系统在Windows 7系统环境下,使用MyEclipse平台和MySQL数据库通过JSP技术开发动态Web Service系统,使用Delphi XE10环境开发移动APP。在新疆地震台网投入运行后,解决了日常业务中台站与台站、台网与台站数据和信息交换困难的问题,有效提高了新疆地震台网的运行质量监管力度,方便用户使用各类数据,有较好的推广应用价值。     

锦屏-官地临时地震台网的特殊性

二滩水电开发有限责任公司所属的锦屏二级水电站和官地水电站,于2009年9月组建了由4个台站和1个数据处理中心构成的锦屏官地临时地震台网。该台网有两方面的特殊性：①数据处理方面,如：人工取数、人工合并数据、人工挑选地震等特殊性;②该台网存在布局不合理和台站数量偏少的特殊性。这些特殊性增加了人工工作量,且严重影响了地震监测能力和地震定位。结合西昌地震台网后,既提高了l临时地震台网的监测能力,又大幅提高了地震定位的精度,同时为水电站业主节约了台网建设成本,赢得了水库蓄水前天然地震活动的监测时间。     

瓦屋山水库地震台网的恢复重建

瓦屋山水库地震台网于2016年恢复重建,恢复重建的主要任务是对4个台站的观测设施进行改造、台站设备的升级换代、数据传输方式的恢复等,4个台站台址和1个台网中心不变.经过1年的恢复重建,瓦屋山水库地震台网考核运行率达到99.31%,监测能力满足可监测ML≥0.5地震的要求,2个台站的观测动态范围优于恢复重建前的水平,2个台站不如恢复重建前.     

STUDY ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SEISMIC DISTRIBUTIONOF RUSHAN SEQUENCE AND VELOCITY STRUCTURE

Since the earthquake of M_L3.8 occurring on October 1, 2013 in Ruishan, Weihai City, Shandong Province, the sequence has lasted for about 4 years(Aug. 31, 2017). Seismicity is enhanced or weakened and fluctuated continuously. More than 13250 aftershocks have been recorded in Shandong Seismic Network. During this period, the significant earthquake events were magnitude 4.2(M_L4.7)on January 7, 4.0(M_L4.5)on April 4, M3.6(M_L 4.1)on September 16 in 2014 and M4.6(M_L5.0)on May 22, 2015. The earthquake of M_L5.0 was the largest one in the Rushan sequence so far. In order to strengthen the monitoring of aftershocks, 18 temporary stations were set up near the epicenter at the end of April, 2014(official recording began on May 7)by Shandong Earthquake Agency, which constitutes an intensified network in Rushan that surrounds the four quadrants of the small earthquake concentration area together with 12 fixed stations nearby, and provides an effective data foundation for the refinement of Rushan earthquake sequence. The velocity structure offers important information related to earthquake location and the focal medium, providing an important basis for understanding the background and mechanism of the earthquake. In this paper, double-difference tomography method is used to relocate the seismic events recorded by more than six stations of Rushan array from May 7, 2014 to December 31, 2016, and the inversion on the P-wave velocity structure of the focal area is conducted. The Hyposat positioning method is used to relocate the absolute position. Only the stations with the first wave arrival time less than 0.1 second are involved in the location. A total of 14165 seismic records are obtained, which is much larger than that recorded by Shandong Seismic Network during the same period with 7708 earthquakes and 2048 localizable ones. A total of 1410 earthquakes with M_L ≥ 1.0 were selected to participate in the inversion. Precise relocation of 1376 earthquakes is obtained by using double-difference tomography, in which, there are 14318 absolute traveltime P waves and 63162 relative travel time P waves. The epicenters are located in distribution along NWW-SEE toward SEE and tend to WS, forming a seismic belt with the length about 3km and width about 1km. The focal depths are mainly concentrated between 4km and 9km, occurring mainly at the edge of the high velocity body, and gradually dispersing with time. It has obvious temporal and spatial cluster characteristics. Compared with the precise relocation of Shandong network, the accuracy of the positioning of Rushan array is higher. The main reason is that the epicenter of Rushan earthquake swarm is near the seaside, and the fixed stations of Shandong Seismic Network are located on the one side of the epicenter. The nearest three stations(RSH, HAY, WED)from the epicenter are Rushan station with epicentral distance about 13km, the Haiyang station with epicentral distance about 33km, and Wendeng station with epicentral distance about 42km. The epicentral distance of the rest stations are more than 75km. In addition, the magnitude of most earthquakes in Rushan sequence is small. The accuracy of phase identification is relatively limited due to the slightly larger epicentral distance of the station HAY and station WED in Shandong Seismic Network. Furthermore, the one-dimensional velocity model used in network location is simple with only the depth and velocity of Moho surface and Conrad surface. The epicentral distances of the 18 temporary stations in Rushan are less than 10km, and the initial phase is clear. The island station set up on the southeast side and the Haiyangsuo station on the southwest side form a comprehensive package for the epicenter. Compared with the double-difference algorithm method, the double-difference tomography method used in this paper is more accurate for the velocity structure, thus can obtain the optimal relocation result and velocity structure. the velocity structure shows that there are three distinct regions with different velocities in the vicinity of the focal area. The earthquakes mainly occur in the intersection of the three regions and on the side of the high velocity body. With the increase of depth, P wave velocity increases gradually and there are two distinct velocity changes. The aftershock activities basically occur near the dividing line to the high velocity side. The south side is low velocity abnormal body and the north side is high velocity abnormal body. High velocity body becomes shallower from south to north, which coincides with the tectonic conditions of Rushan. Considering the spatial relationships between the epicenter distribution and the high-low velocity body and different lithology of geological structure, and other factors, it is inferred that the location of the epicenter should be the boundary of two different rock bodies, and there may be a hidden fault in the transition zone between high velocity abnormal body and low velocity abnormal body. The interface position of the high-low velocity body, the concentrating area of the aftershocks, is often the stress concentration zone, the medium is relatively weak, and the intensity is low. There is almost no earthquake in the high velocity abnormal body, and the energy accumulated in the high velocity body is released at the peripheral positions. It can be seen that the existence of the high-low velocity body has a certain control effect on the distribution of the aftershocks.     

瓦屋山水库地震台网的恢复重建

瓦屋山水库地震台网于2016年恢复重建,恢复重建的主要任务是对4个台站的观测设施进行改造、台站设备的升级换代、数据传输方式的恢复等,4个台站台址和1个台网中心不变。经过1年的恢复重建,瓦屋山水库地震台网考核运行率达到99.31%,监测能力满足可监测M_L≥0.5地震的要求,2个台站的观测动态范围优于恢复重建前的水平,2个台站不如恢复重建前。