雅鲁藏布江缝合带中部硅岩地球化学特征及构造环境制约

硅岩在雅鲁藏布江缝合带广泛发育。在 1∶ 2 5万萨嘎县幅、桑桑区幅区域地质调查中 ,在缝合带及其南侧宗卓组中识别出 3种硅岩沉积组合 :1嘎学群内与玄武岩伴生的硅岩 ;2构造混杂带内夹于页岩中的硅岩 ;3宗卓组内夹于页岩—岩屑石英杂砂岩的硅岩。在硅岩中分离出的放射虫组合时代为白垩纪。运用地球化学研究手段 ,对硅岩岩石组合、岩石化学、微量元素和稀土元素特征进行了综合分析 ,与玄武岩伴生的硅岩 Al/ (Al Fe Mn)为 0 .5 33～ 0 .5 4 6 <0 .6 19(除 9号样外 ) ,Ce/ Ce* 为 0 .6 7(平均 ) ,L an/ Ybn为 0 .83～ 1.37和 L an/ Cen为0 .82～ 2 .2 3;夹于页岩中的硅岩 Al/ (Al Fe Mn)为 0 .5 5 7～ 0 .6 19,Ce/ Ce*为 0 .995～ 1.35 0 ,L an/ Ybn为 0 .71～ 1.0 3和 L an/ Cen为 0 .6 8～ 0 .98;宗卓组内的硅岩 Al/ (Al Fe Mn)为 0 .6 15～ 0 .70 7>0 .6 19,Ce/ Ce* 为 0 .94～1.14 ,L an/ Ybn 为 1.4 4～ 1.6 6和 L an/ Cen 为 0 .85～ 1.0 7。研究证实 ,3种背景的硅岩均反映非热水或生物成因。嘎学群内与玄武岩伴生的硅岩具深水盆地沉积特征 ;宗卓组中的硅岩具典型大陆边缘沉积环境特征 ;构造混杂带内的硅岩形成于近大陆边缘环境中     

A.ferrooxidans培养过程中Al/Fe(摩尔比)对铁矿物形成产物的影响

主要研究了磷酸铝(Al PO4)的加入量对氧化亚铁硫杆菌HX3培养液中铁矿物形成的影响,并对相应沉淀产物进行了结构表征分析。结果表明,Al PO4的加入对细菌培养过程中Fe2+的氧化无明显影响,但可促进Fe3+的水解和初始铁矿物相的形成,也可加速黄钾铁矾的转化形成。Al/Fe(摩尔比)为0. 04～1的培养液中主要形成产物为施威特曼石和黄钾铁矾; Al/Fe为0. 4和1时另有磷酸铁矿形成。较高的Al/Fe比值和磷酸根含量有利于磷酸铁矿的形成。     

赣东北地区不同时代硅质岩的地球化学特征及其地质意义

赣东北地区硅质岩各时代均有不同程度的发育,各时代硅质岩的SiO2含量变化范围为74．90％～97．19％,Si／Al为10．84～93．21,与Al2O3呈较好的负相关关系,表明它们含有较高比例的陆源泥质沉积物,硅质岩样品的Al2O3／(Al2O3+F2O3)=0．60～0．99,Ce／Ce=0．99～1．22,(La／Ce)N=0．91～1．83,V／Y<5．78,Ti／V>17。上述特征表明本区硅质岩形成于大陆边缘构造环境,而与大洋盆地及洋中脊构造环境无关。自古生代以来,该地区没有出现深海大洋盆地环境。     

青藏东缘马关尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体中单斜辉石的成分特征及其意义

青藏东缘马关尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体的矿物组合为橄榄石 (Ol) +斜方辉石 (Opx) +单斜辉石 (Cpx) +尖晶石 (Spl)。单斜辉石主要为透辉石 ,少量为顽透辉石 ,其成分特征表现为高Ca(w(CaO) =18.71%～ 2 0 .78% )、高Al(w (Al2 O3 ) =6 .0 0 %～ 7.30 % )、高Mg# 值 (89.84～ 91.4 8)和低Cr# 值 (5 .18～ 8.72 )。SiO2 ,TiO2 ,FeO 和Na2 O的质量分数变化范围分别是 5 1.71%～ 5 2 .5 0 %、0 .34%～ 0 .6 1%、2 .5 0 %～ 3.14 %和 1.4 6 %～ 1.80 %。单斜辉石的成分特征显示尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体为A型包体 ,属低度熔融后的大陆地幔橄榄岩。透辉石的w(Y) (18.6 0～ 2 0 .90 μg/g)、w(Yb)(1.97～ 2 .18μg/g)模拟计算表明 ,马关尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体是原始地幔经低于 3%的部分熔融后的残留地幔岩。     

流动注射荧光法测定微量铝

基于β-环糊精-丙酮能加速与增敏Al-钙黄绿素的荧光反应,建立了流动注射荧光法测定中草药中微量Al的新体系(Al-Calcein-β-CD-丙酮)。荧光最大激发波长和发射波长分别为478.0nm和509.6nm。Al~(3+)浓度在0～3.5μg/ml范围内标准曲线呈线性;检出限0.037μg/ml。方法已用于测定中草药中微量Al,RSD在1％以下;回收率在97％～105％范围;进样频率140次/h。     

新发现的含铬浅闪石的矿物学研究

应用电子探针、X射线粉晶衍射和红外吸收光谱等分析手段对新发现的含铬浅闪石进行了系统研究,结果表明:其分子式为(Na0 .50 Ca0 .17K0 .0 6) 0 .73 Ca2 .0 0 (Mg3 .92 ⅥAl0 .79Cr3 0 .0 6Ti0 .0 4Fe2 0 .0 1Co0 .0 1) 4 .83 (Si6.54ⅣAl1.46) 8.0 0 O2 2 (OH) 2 ,简写为NaCa2 (Mg4Al)Si7AlO2 2 (OH) 2 ,晶胞常数为a =9.84 37(19) ,b =17.94 74 (37) ,c =5 .2 796 (15 ) ,β=10 5 .2 2 2 (17)°,V =90 4 .4 0 4 3 ,其结构中确实存在Ca原子占据A位以及Cr代Mg和Al代Si的情况,说明它为新的富钙富铬的闪石类矿物,并形成于贫硅富钙富铬的环境中,其翠绿色由铬所致,故名为含铬浅闪石。     

高岭石热转变产物~(29)Si、~(27)Al魔角旋转核磁共振研究

运用魔角旋转核磁共振结合红外光谱及X射线衍射等手段 ,研究了苏州高岭石 5 60～ 160 0℃热转变产物 ,主要获得以下结论 :①高岭石 偏高岭石 莫来石的转变系列的确存在结构上的连续性。其转变经历了几个阶段 :脱羟阶段 ( 4 0 0～ 60 0℃ ) ,偏高岭石阶段 ( 60 0～ 80 0℃ ) ,相分离阶段 ( 80 0～ 110 0℃ ) ,莫来石阶段( 110 0～ 160 0℃ )。②莫来石形成过程没有出现Al2 O3的大量分凝 ,但存在SiO2 的分凝。③偏高岭石 莫来石转变过程的中间相为Al Si尖晶石和准莫来石。④引起 10 0 0℃放热反应的主要因素是准莫来石的形成。     

柴北缘锡铁山榴辉岩的地球化学特征

柴北缘锡铁山的榴辉岩呈透镜状分布在片麻岩中，榴辉岩的SiO2为45．0％～49．83％，，Al2O3=11．31～16．52，与火成岩中的拉斑玄武质岩石类似。其稀土配分模式有3种类型：(1)轻稀土富集型，(La/Yb)N=1．74～2．81，δEu=0．86～1．07，与E-MORB类似；(2)平坦型，(La／Yb)N=0．80～1．22，δEu=0．96～1．20，与T-MORB相似；(3)轻稀土亏损型，(La／Yb)N=0．66。δEu=1．03，与N-MORB类似。微量元素中Rb、Ba、Th略富集，可能与地壳物质的混染有关。δEd(0)=2．52～10．98，δEd(800Ma)=3．05～9．20，显示大洋亏损地幔的特征。初步认为榴辉岩是洋壳俯冲的产物，与大别-苏鲁地区榴辉岩的成因明显不同。     

圣水峪辉绿泥石中多型的体衍生

根据透射电镜观察 ,在采自山东省泗水县圣水峪并作为镁普通角闪石之蚀变产物的辉绿泥石(K0 .0 1Na0 .0 1Ca0 .0 2 Mn0 .0 1Fe1.82 Mg2 .6 1Cr0 .0 4Al1.30 ) [Al0 .88Si3.12 O10 ](OH) 8中 ,发现了由两种不同的绿泥石规则一层多型所构成的体衍生现象。确认其中一种为α =12 0°的Ⅰb 3或Ⅱab 4多型 ,另一种为未确定的某种多型 (α =90°)。两者间的三维相互取向关系为 ,彼此的c 轴完全一致 ,a轴和b轴也都对应地两两相互平行 ;同时还有它们的 ( 0 0 1)面网间距d(0 0 1) 彼此相等。     

长江河口及其上海岸带水体沉积物中磷的存在形态

讨论了磷的 5种存在形态及其分布规律。河口及岸带水体沉积物中磷主要是以有机磷 (OP)和无机磷 (IP)形式存在的 ,有机磷是有机质的组成部分 ,无机磷又可分为可溶性磷(DP)、铁结合磷 (Fe P)、铝结合磷 (Al P)、钙结合磷 (Ca P)。研究发现 ,沉积物中总磷含量水平在 6 92 79～ 1570 99μg/g之间 ,无机磷含量在 2 2 0 0 2～ 92 8 33μg/g之间 ,占总磷含量的31 8%～ 6 0 5% ,而有机磷含量在 394 89～ 6 4 2 6 6 μg/g之间 ,为总磷含量的 39 5%～ 6 8 2 %。在分析水体沉积物中各形态磷的含量和变化的基础上 ,对磷在时空上的变化、与有机碳、总氮的关系以及污水输入影响等进行了初步的论述 ,并提出沉积物中铁结合磷 (Fe P)和铝结合磷 (Al P)可作为判断污染的指标之一。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861