冻融与酸雨侵蚀共同作用下混凝土损伤分析

进行了快速冻融和酸雨侵蚀作用下的混凝土室内模拟试验, 研究了冻融和酸雨侵蚀作用下混凝土的质量损失和相对动弹性模量变化规律. 试验结果表明, 混凝土在冻融-酸雨复合环境下的损伤大于冻融作用下的损伤. 通过分析研究, 建立了冻融循环和酸雨侵蚀共同作用下不同水胶比混凝土的质量损失与冻融循环次数的函数关系及冻融与酸雨腐蚀共同作用下混凝土损伤演化方程, 为冻融环境混凝土结构耐久性设计与评估奠定了基础.     

苏丹杜维姆大桥高温环境混凝土施工质量控制措施研究

该文介绍了苏丹杜维姆大桥在夏季高温条件下如何确保现浇混凝土施工的质量控制措施,通过有效控制原材料温度、设备温度及环境温度,延缓了混凝土凝结时间,确保了混凝土顺利泵送和浇筑质量。     

桩柱一次成型工艺混凝土保温措施研究

冬季施工对混凝土的强度要求极高,由于气温低下,若混凝土保温措施不到位,会大大降低混凝土的强度,但受工期制约,有时混凝土的冬季施工是不可避免的。本文研究了在桩柱一次成型工艺下,冬季混凝土保温质量与成品短柱的保温措施,通过在原材保存、运输、搅拌、浇筑、养护过程中采取一系列保温措施,大大提高冬季施工混凝土的强度,并通过取样分析验证了保温措施的可行性,取得了良好的效果,保证了冬季混凝土施工质量。     

季节冻土区盐渍土环境下混凝土抗冻耐久性机理

为了研究混凝土在冻融交替与盐类侵蚀双重因素作用下的抗冻耐久性能,根据季节冻土区大安境内盐渍土中主要易溶盐的类型与含量,配制了3种质量分数的复合盐侵蚀溶液,制备了普通混凝土、2种引气混凝土及2组粉煤灰混凝土试件,进行盐蚀[CD*2]快速冻融循环试验,对盐冻破坏后混凝土的质量损失、动弹性模量衰减及其微观结构进行分析。试验结果表明:在冻融循环作用下,复合盐加剧了混凝土的冻融剥蚀破坏;混凝土的冻害程度与侵蚀盐溶液的质量分数、冻融循环次数、混凝土的含气量、粉煤灰掺量等因素有关;造成混凝土发生盐冻破坏的原因有水结成冰的膨胀压力,或冰与水的渗透压力以及复合盐与水泥水化产物发生的化学侵蚀和盐类的结晶膨胀,其中,盐类结晶压对混凝土内部结构的破坏更严重。     

纤维混凝土的低温性能和冻融损伤机理研究

研究了低温环境下(气温变化为-15~5℃),聚丙烯腈(PAN)纤维对混凝土力学性能增长趋势的影响,探讨了快速冻融试验条件下(-17.5~7.5℃)PAN纤维混凝土的抗冻融耐久性,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了PAN纤维在混凝土中的分散性以及纤维和混凝土界面结合状况.结果表明:掺入PAN纤维增加了混凝土的含气量、改善了混凝土的微观结构,提高了混凝土抗裂阻力,因而有利于混凝土低温环境下的强度增长和提高了混凝土的抗冻融耐久性.混凝土经受冻融循环破坏实质上是疲劳损伤累积的过程.通过实验研究和理论分析,探讨了聚丙烯腈纤维混凝土冻融疲劳损伤的机理,研究了纤维对混凝土抵抗冻融破坏的影响,建立了聚丙烯腈纤维混凝土冻融损伤的演变方程.     

探地雷达在混凝土施工质量无损检测中的应用

阐述了探地雷达在混凝土施工质量无损检测中的工作原理和方法,结合工程实例,介绍了探地雷达在不影响结构安全的前提下检测混凝土内部缺陷的方法和资料处理、解释步骤.     

复合盐与干湿循环双重因素作用下混凝土耐久性试验

吉林省大安市是松嫩平原土壤盐渍化最严重的地区之一,以苏打盐渍土为主,境内的土壤与地表水中的易溶盐分量相似。为了研究复合盐与干湿交替环境下混凝土的耐久性,根据大安地区盐渍土中主要易溶盐的含量,配制了4种不同质量分数的复合盐侵蚀溶液,再以水溶液用于试验对比,共制备了5种配合比的混凝土,进行盐浸-热烘试验。结果表明：在干湿循环条件下,复合盐对混凝土材料有较强的腐蚀性,而且盐溶液的质量分数越大,混凝土破坏越严重;干湿循环作用后,混凝土的质量变化规律为先增加后减少,而动弹性模量先呈小幅增长,达到一定干湿循环次数后,呈下降趋势;引气剂与粉煤灰均能够提高混凝土抗盐蚀-干湿循环的破坏能力,但引气混凝土提高效果更显著。     

钢纤维煤矸石混凝土抗冻性能及损伤模型研究

为研究钢纤维煤矸石混凝土的抗冻性能,以冻融循环次数和钢纤维掺量为主要变量,通过快速冻融试验,研究不同掺量的钢纤维煤矸石混凝土的表观形貌、质量损失、相对动弹性模量和抗压强度的变化规律;并依据钢纤维煤矸石混凝土动弹性模量的变化,定义钢纤维煤矸石混凝土的损伤变量,建立冻融环境下钢纤维煤矸石混凝土的损伤模型。研究结果表明：在冻融环境作用下掺入适量的钢纤维能够降低煤矸石混凝土的质量损失和减缓相对动弹性模量的下降,提高煤矸石混凝土的抗冻性能;依据损伤变量提出的损伤模型与试验数据符合较好,可以为冻融环境下钢纤维煤矸石混凝土的耐久性研究提供理论参考。     

负温下磷酸镁水泥混凝土的力学性能与抗冻性能

研究了磷酸镁水泥（MPC）混凝土在20℃、-10℃、-15℃、-20℃养护环境下的力学性能和抗冻性能,为MPC混凝土应用于寒区旱区的抢修工程提供科学依据。MPC混凝土力学性能按照国标GB/T 50081-2002进行试验,抗冻性能按照GB/T 50082-2009进行试验。结果表明：20℃养护条件下,MPC混凝土的28 d抗压强度达到65.3 MPa,抗折强度达到6.8 MPa;-10℃养护条件下,28 d抗压强度达到59.7 MPa,抗折强度达到7.2 MPa;300次快速冻融循环后,-10℃养护条件下MPC混凝土质量损失率为3.5%,相对动弹性模量为83.5%,抗冻性能优于20℃养护条件下的MPC混凝土。-10℃养护条件下MPC混凝土力学性能和抗冻性能优异,可用于寒区旱区的抢修工程。     

碾压式混凝土重力坝第三方质量控制

以山东省第一座碾压混凝土重力坝龙潭沟水库大坝为例,讨论了第三方质量检测在碾压混凝土重力坝施工过程中的检测方法、检测结果,重点论述了碾压混凝土的压实质量以及坝基处理的质量检测方法,强调第三方质量检测在大坝施工过程中的工作重点,为第三方检测对碾压混凝土重力坝的检测工作提供了经验。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

正~~     

GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861