太古宙绿岩带岩石学和地球化学：实例与探讨

绿岩带是太古宙大陆地壳重要的构造单元。 按照岩石组合特征, 绿岩带可划分为 3 个类型：1） 巴伯顿型, 主要由基性-超基性火山岩组成, 含少量酸性火山岩及沉积岩, 中性火山岩很不发育;2） 苏必利尔型, 主要由中性火山岩和中-基性火山岩组成, 含沉积岩; 3） 达尔瓦尔型, 以广泛发育的沉积岩为特征。 其中, 巴伯顿型绿岩带在世界范围内分布较广, 且组成较为复杂, 表现出一系列独特的岩石学和地球化学特征：1） 基性-超基性火山岩在绿岩带层序中占主导地位;2） 发育具有异常高的地幔潜能温度的科马提岩类;3） 存在太古宙亏损型和富集型玄武岩等。 华北克拉通清原地区的表壳岩虽然经历高级变质作用, 但仍 具有清晰的层序, 与巴伯顿型绿岩带岩石组合特征类似, 因此我们倾向于将其厘定为清原绿岩带。 清原绿岩带主体形成于 2.5 Ga, 与广泛分布的新太古代花岗质片麻岩形成时代一致, 并不存在大规模的中太古代地质体。 清原绿岩带的岩石学和地球化学研究表明新太古代晚期原始地幔柱模型可以较为合理的解释清原地区及华北克拉通东部陆块其它新太古代基底岩石的成因, 但太古宙原始地幔柱与显生宙地幔柱在某些方面有所不同。     

Lithofacies associations and structural evolution of the Archean Rio das Velhas greenstone belt, Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Brazil: A review of the setting of gold deposits

The Rio das Velhas greenstone belt is located in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero region, in the southern extremity of the São Francisco Craton, central-southern part of the State of Minas Gerais, SE Brazil. The metavolcano–sedimentary rocks of the Rio das Velhas Supergroup in this region are subdivided into the Nova Lima and Maquiné Groups. The former occurs at the base of the sequence, and contains the major Au deposits of the region. New geochronological data, along with a review of geochemical data for volcanic and sedimentary rocks, suggest at least two generations of greenstone belts, dated at 2900 and 2780 Ma. Seven lithofacies associations are identified, from bottom to top, encompassing (1) mafic–ultramafic volcanic; (2) volcano–chemical–sedimentary; (3) clastic–chemical–sedimentary, (4) volcaniclastic association with four lithofacies: monomictic and polymictic breccias, conglomerate–graywacke, graywacke–sandstone, graywacke–argillite; (5) resedimented association, including three sequences of graywacke–argillite, in the north and eastern, at greenschist facies and in the south, at amphibolite metamorphic facies; (6) coastal association with four lithofacies: sandstone with medium- to large-scale cross-bedding, sandstone with ripple marks, sandstone with herringbone cross-bedding, sandstone–siltstone; (7) non-marine association with the lithofacies: conglomerate–sandstone, coarse-grained sandstone, fine- to medium-grained sandstone. Four generations of structures are recognized: the first and second are Archean and compressional, driven from NNE to SSW; the third is extensional and attributed to the Paleoproterozoic Transamazonian Orogenic Cycle; and the fourth is compressional, driven from E to W, is related to the Neoproterozoic Brasiliano Orogenic Cycle. Gold deposits in the Rio das Velhas greenstone belt are structurally controlled and occur associated with hydrothermal alterations along Archean thrust shear zones of the second generation of structures.Sedimentation occurred during four episodes. Cycle 1 is interpreted to have occurred between 2800 and 2780 Ma, based on the ages of the mafic and felsic volcanism, and comprises predominantly chemical sedimentary rocks intercalated with mafic–ultramafic volcanic flows. It includes the volcano–chemical–sedimentary lithofacies association and part of the mafic–ultramafic volcanic association. The cycle is related to the initial extensional stage of the greenstone belt formation, with the deposition of sediments contemporaneous with volcanic flows that formed the submarine mafic plains. Cycle 2 encompasses the clastic–chemical–sedimentary association and distal turbidites of the resedimented association, in the eastern sector of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero. It was deposited in the initial stages of the felsic volcanism. Cycle 2 includes the coastal and resedimented associations in the southern sector, in advanced stages of subduction. In this southern sedimentary cycle it is also possible to recognize a stable shelf environment. Following the felsic volcanism, Cycle 3 comprises sedimentary rocks of the volcaniclastic and resedimented lithofacies associations, largely in the northern sector of the area. The characteristics of both associations indicate a submarine fan environment transitional to non-marine successions related to felsic volcanic edifices and related to the formation of island arcs. Cycle 4 is made up of clastic sedimentary rocks belonging to the non-marine lithofacies association. They are interpreted as braided plain and alluvial fan deposits in a retroarc foreland basin with the supply of debris from the previous cycles.     

晚中新世红河海底扇碎屑锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄：物源区制约及红河袭夺事件探讨

为确定晚中新世红河海底扇物源区以及“红河袭夺”事件,对钻遇红河海底扇的C2井中的53颗锆石颗粒进行了SHRIMP U-Pb年龄的测定。结果表明,该扇体碎屑锆石存在6个年龄段：230~300Ma,400~500Ma,700~1000Ma,1700~1900Ma,2400~2500Ma和~2700Ma。研究结果表明,红河海底扇碎屑锆石年龄频谱特征与红河最为相似,230~300Ma的锆石主要来自呵叻高原-昆嵩地块;400~500Ma、1700~1900Ma的锆石主要来自松潘甘孜地块;700~1000Ma的锆石来自扬子克拉通;2400~2500Ma和~2700Ma的锆石主要来自松潘甘孜地块古老的扬子克拉通的基底;年龄为400~500Ma、1700~1900Ma以及大于2.4Ga的锆石说明了古红河源头曾经延伸至松潘-甘孜地区,红河袭夺现象确实存在。红河物源的存在,为在琼东南盆地深水区中央峡谷水道实施油气勘探提供了重要的理论基础。     

祁连造山带东段早古生代葫芦河群变质碎屑岩中碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年龄:源区特征和沉积时代的限定

祁连造山带东段葫芦河群的形成时代长期存在争议。选择葫芦河群变质碎屑岩为研究对象,运用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年代学方法,探讨葫芦河群的形成时代和物源特征。结果表明,葫芦河群的2个样品碎屑锆石同位素年龄数据以及侵入其中的花岗岩同位素年龄表明,葫芦河群沉积时代限定为447～434Ma,其主体形成时代为早志留世。葫芦河群变质碎屑锆石年龄谱明显分为4组:(1)震旦纪—早古生代年龄组,426～595Ma,峰值为479Ma;(2)新元古代年龄组,738～981 Ma,峰值为887 Ma;(3)中元古代年龄组,1000～1 913Ma,峰值为1499Ma;(4)古元古代—新太古代年龄组,2053～2 872Ma,峰值为2448Ma。其中,早古生代年龄组可进一步细分为426～493 Ma和527～595 Ma两个年龄段,峰值分别为445 Ma和559Ma,前者年龄段指示其物源可能以邻近地区的北祁连造山带和西秦岭北缘构造带为主,是加里东期中南祁连和西秦岭微地块分别向北俯冲、碰撞产生的一系列火成岩在造山剥蚀后的沉积响应;后者年龄段则与北祁连造山带和西秦岭北缘构造带中泛非造山事件中的岩浆活动有关。新元古代年龄组可细分为738～799Ma、839～862Ma和902～981Ma 3个年龄段,峰值分别为768Ma、848Ma和948Ma,以902～981Ma年龄组为主;第一年龄段(738～799Ma)与北祁连造山带新元古代晚期岩浆事件的年龄大致相对应,与Rodi-nia超大陆的裂解事件相关;第二年龄段和第三年龄段(839～862 Ma、902～981 Ma)与中祁连地区和西秦岭北缘的新元古代早期构造岩浆事件年龄大致相对应,与Rodinia超大陆汇聚事件及岛弧型岩浆作用相关。中元古代年龄组可细分为1 000～1 197Ma和1 243～1 913Ma 2个年龄段,峰值分别为1 036Ma和1 593Ma,其物源可能来自祁连造山带和华北板块基底岩系。古元古代—新太古代年龄组反映了物源来自北祁连造山带和西秦岭北缘构造带的结晶基底,部分物源也有可能来自于华北板块基底岩系。综合分析显示,葫芦河群碎屑沉积物质来源较为复杂,具有明显的多元性,存在祁连造山带、西秦岭北缘构造带和华北板块基底3个物源区,其中祁连造山带和西秦岭北缘构造带提供了大部分物源,而祁连造山带应为葫芦河群贡献最大的物源区。     

阿尔金喀腊大湾地区卓阿布拉克组沉积岩系年代及其地质意义——来自碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄的证据

以阿尔金喀腊大湾地区卓阿布拉克组沉积岩系砾岩为研究对象,应用LA-ICP-MS方法对碎屑锆石进行U-Pb同位素年龄测定,探讨其形成时代、物源组成和构造背景。研究结果表明:(1)碎屑锆石年龄谱明显分为2组:522~427Ma和638~1766Ma,另有2个古老的同位素年龄数据分别为2450Ma、3394Ma;(2)最年轻的碎屑锆石年龄为427±4Ma,说明该砾岩的形成时代晚于427Ma,沉积岩系可能形成于晚志留世—早泥盆世(427~410Ma);卓阿布拉克组存在晚寒武世—早泥盆世的物质组成,应将其解体重新划分;(3)碎屑锆石峰值年龄为456Ma,表明喀腊大湾地区存在该时期的岩浆活动;522~427Ma的年龄数据约占总体的81%,构成了砾岩中最主要的碎屑锆石群体,说明在早古生代,尤其是晚寒武世—奥陶纪形成的岩浆岩是砾岩最重要的物源,该沉积岩系是敦煌地块向南俯冲、碰撞产生的一系列火成岩在造山剥蚀后的沉积响应;(4)结合目前北祁连造山带的研究进展和研究区碎屑锆石的研究结果,初步认为喀腊大湾地区卓阿布拉克组沉积岩系和北祁连天祝组、鹿角沟组具有相似的沉积年龄和物质来源,可能同为北祁连-北阿尔金局限洋盆闭合后,陆-陆或弧-陆碰撞造山的产物。     

江西石城通天寨地质公园晚白垩世河口组碎屑锆石年龄及地质意义

江西石城通天寨地区位于南丰-会昌中-新生代盆地带内,区内出露的上白垩统河口组主要为一套陆相冲积扇红色碎屑岩系,自下向上分为3段,分别代表扇根→扇中→扇缘沉积相。通过岩相古地理分析,其物源分别来自北西方向和南东方向的2个隆起蚀源区。采用碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS测年方法,获得河口组2件样品的111组和108组碎屑锆石有效U-Pb年龄,其年龄谱主要存在104~137Ma、400~418Ma、750~752Ma、1854~1895Ma四个年龄峰值,揭示出蚀源区曾存在4次主要的构造热事件。1854~1895Ma和750~752Ma热事件可能分别是对哥伦比亚和罗迪尼亚超大陆聚散的响应;400~418Ma是对华夏造山带洋陆转换的响应;104~137Ma是古太平板块西缘转化为活动陆缘对华南东缘的构造岩浆热事件的响应。     

华北地台北缘燕辽钼(铜)成矿带矿床地质特征及动力学背景

华北地台北缘是中国重要的多金属成矿带,中段部位钼(铜)矿床的分布受区域EW向、NE向、NNE向断裂的联合控制。成矿带东端辽西地区以钼矿为主,西端冀北地区以铜(钼)矿为主。钼矿床的形成与燕山期中酸性小侵入体关系密切,矿床多产于花岗斑岩体之中或内外接触带中,矿床类型以斑岩型、斑岩_矽卡岩型、矽卡岩型为主。同位素研究表明,钼(铜)矿床成矿物质及成矿流体主要来源于下地壳或与太古代结晶基底有关的花岗岩;钼矿的形成主要与中生代富硅、富钾质花岗岩有关,而与铜矿成因有关的花岗岩酸碱度相对较低。成矿年代学研究表明,燕辽钼(铜)成矿带大规模成矿作用发生于180Ma左右和140Ma左右2个时期,其对应的成矿动力学背景分别为华北板块与西伯利亚板块后碰撞造山阶段和中国东部构造体制大转折晚期。     

鸭绿江盆地鹰嘴砬子组和馒头组的沉积时限及物源:碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学证据

鸭绿江盆地中生界鹰嘴砬子组与古生界馒头组河口段碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb的年代学研究结果表明,采自鹰嘴砬子组的凝灰质粉砂岩(样品HD1-3),其碎屑锆石年龄分布区间为3 259~123Ma。主要年龄峰为2 500 Ma(33%)、1 807 Ma(11%)、282 Ma(11%)、235 Ma(5%)、150 Ma(7%)和126 Ma(5%),最年轻的一组锆石加权平均年龄(126 Ma)限定地层的沉积下限为早白垩世,其沉积物源来自于盆地内部及其邻区古元古代、古生代和中生代岩浆作用的产物。采自馒头组河口段的岩屑长石砂岩(样品SD2-1),其碎屑锆石年龄分布区间为2 350~503 Ma。形成的年龄峰值主要为1 553 Ma(13%)、1 396 Ma(13%)、1 086 Ma(17%)和787 Ma(30%)。最小的锆石年龄(503 Ma)限定地层沉积下限为晚寒武世,其沉积物源主要来自鸭绿江盆地内部及其邻区的中元古代和新元古代岩浆作用的产物。     

Chromite and PGE deposits of mesoarchaean ultramafic-mafic suites within the greenstone belts of the Singhbhum craton,India: Implications for mantle heterogeneity and tectonic setting

The Archaean cratonic nuclei of the continents are important as they contain the most significant evidences for the evolution of Earth e.g. the greenstone sequences. In the Indian Shield, one of the important cratons is the Singhbhum craton, where nearly 95% of the Indian chromite deposits and only PGE deposits are located which are hosted within Mesoarchaean ultramafic-mafic rock sequences. The ultramafic units occur as sill like intrusions within the Iron Ore Group (IOG) greenstone belts and often associated with gabbroic intrusions. In the Nuasahi and Sukinda mining districts of these occurrences, detailed petrological, geochemical and isotopic studies have been carried out in the last decades. Petrological and geochemical studies indicate a supra-subduction zone (SSZ) tectonic settings in Archaean for the origin of these ultramafic-mafic sequences. The Os isotopic and platinum group element (PGE) geochemical studies of chromites from the two mining districts indicate presence of a subchondritic source mantle domain beneath and within the Singhbhum craton similar to the Zimbabwean craton of southern African continent. The Os model age calculation indicates melt extraction from a subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) before 3.7 Ga which is similar to the other ancient cratons. As a whole the study supports the premise that India was part of the African continent in pre-Gondwana times and even in early Archaean and suggest possible amalgamation and building up of a supercontinent during late Archaean. However, in comparison with other occurrences, the Singhbhum craton of the Indian Shield and the Zimbabwean craton in southern Africa are characterized by the presence of subchondritic lithospheric mantle domains within the SCLM, which were developed prior to 3.7 Ga.     

鄂东南地区Cu-Au-Mo-(W)矿床的成矿时代及其成矿地球动力学背景探讨：辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄

鄂东南地区Cu-Au-Mo-(W)矿床是长江中下游地区金属成矿带的重要组成部分。本文利用Re-Os同位素定年方法对该地区5个典型矿床(丰山洞铜钼金银多金属矿床、阮家湾钨铜钼矿床、千家湾铜金矿床、铜绿山铜铁金钼多金属矿床和铜山口铜钼矿床)进行了成矿时代的研究,获得其辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄分别为(144.0±2.1)Ma、(143.6±1.7)Ma、(137.7±1.7)Ma、(137.8±1.7)~(138.1±1.8)Ma和(143.5±1.7)~(142.3±1.8)Ma,代表各矿床的成矿时代。研究结果表明,鄂东南矿集区内的Cu-Au-Mo-(W)矿床与铜陵、安庆、九瑞矿集区内的矿床几乎是同时形成的,成矿时代可能主要集中于(140±5)Ma,相当于晚侏罗世-早白垩世。在综合已有的岩石学、地球化学和地球物理学资料的基础上,笔者认为,这一成矿事件的深部动力学过程可能是处于中国东部南北向印支期构造域向北东向古太平洋构造域大转折的背景下,与软流圈上涌和玄武质岩浆底侵而导致壳幔同熔有关。     

Geochronology and provenance of detrital zircons from late Palaeozoic strata of central Jilin Province,Northeast China: implications for the tectonic evolution of the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt

Here we present new U–Pb and Hf isotopic data for detrital zircons obtained from six samples of late Palaeozoic units from central Jilin Province, Northeast China, and use these data and sedimentary formations to constrain the late Palaeozoic tectonic evolution of the eastern segment of the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The majority of the detrital zircons from the six samples are euhedral–subhedral and exhibit oscillatory zoning, indicating a magmatic origin. Zircons from sandstones in the Devonian Wangjiajie and Xiaosuihe formations yield seven main age populations (399, 440, 921, 1648, 1864, 1911, and 2066 Ma) and two minor age populations (384 and 432 Ma), respectively. Zircons from a quartz sandstone in the Carboniferous Luquantun Formation yield four age populations (~332, 363, 402, and 428 Ma), and zircons from quartz sandstones of the Permian Shoushangou, Fanjiatun, and Yangjiagou formations yield age populations of 265, 369, 463, 503, and 963 Ma; 264, 310, 337, 486, and 529 Ma; and 262, 282, 312, 338, 380, 465, and 492 Ma, respectively. These data, together with the ages of magmatic zircons from interbedded volcanics and biostratigraphic evidence, as well as analysis of formations, give rise to the following conclusions. (1) The Wangjiajie and Xiaosuihe formations were deposited in an extensional environment during Middle and Middle–Late Devonian time, respectively. The former was sourced mainly from ancient continental material of the North China Craton with minor contributions from newly accreted crust, while the latter was sourced mainly from newly accreted crust. (2) The Luquantun Formation formed in an extensional environment during early–late Carboniferous time from material sourced mainly from newly accreted crust. (3) The Shoushangou, Fanjiatun, and Yangjiagou formations formed during a period of rapid uplift in the late Permian, from material sourced mainly from newly accreted crust.     

哀牢山构造带两侧上志留统-下泥盆统碎屑锆石年代学:物源及其构造意义

哀牢山古特提斯洋的打开时限及其缝合带的具体位置对理解哀牢山古特提斯洋构造演化具有非常重要的意义。本文采用碎屑锆石年代学方法,分析了哀牢山构造带及其两侧不同时期沉积物源的特征及其变化,解译了其物源差别所指示的哀牢山古特提斯洋盆打开时限以及缝合带的构造位置。碎屑锆石年代学显示,哀牢山构造带两侧上志留统碎屑锆石都记录一个~450 Ma的最年轻的峰值和一个格林威尔期造山事件的年龄群(1100~800 Ma),以及一个2600~2400 Ma的次峰;不同于上志留统,构造带东侧下泥盆统碎屑锆石并未出现年轻的~450 Ma峰值年龄信息,西侧U-Pb年龄分布模式与上志留统一致,记录~450 Ma峰值年龄信息,而且构造带两侧下泥盆统碎屑锆石的2600~2400 Ma的峰值明显要强于上志留统。区域上发表的碎屑锆石年代学资料,也揭示相同的年龄峰值。因此,综合区域上的其他地质资料,我们认为哀牢山古特提斯洋盆的打开时限应该在晚志留世-早泥盆世,哀牢山断裂带代表了哀牢山洋盆闭合的位置。     

青藏高原龙木错-双湖板块缝合带闭合的年代学证据——来自果干加年山蛇绿岩与流纹岩Ar-Ar和SHRIMP年龄制约

青藏高原龙木错-双湖板块缝合带从碰撞缝合何时转为羌塘盆地的沉积基底并接受沉积,一直受到地学界密切关注.羌塘中部的果干加年山主脊首次发现未变质的沉积岩以角度不整合覆盖于蛇绿混杂岩岩之上,上覆地层底部流纹岩夹层锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为214±4Ma,为沉积盖层提供了可靠的年龄依据;不整合面之下强烈变形的阳起片岩（变质玄武岩）中阳起石Ar-Ar年龄为219.7±6.5Ma,与羌塘中部龙木错-双湖高压变质带获得的榴辉岩多硅白云母、蓝闪石等Ar-Ar变质年龄一致.Ar-Ar和SHRIMP定年结果表明该角度不整合的时限为220-214Ma之间.角度不整合上下岩石的定年研究,为龙木错-双湖缝合带的闭合提供了确切的时间约束：羌塘地区冈瓦纳与欧亚（扬子）板块在214Ma以前实现了闲合,古特提斯消亡,进入陆表海演化阶段.     

西藏色那铜(金)矿床石英闪长玢岩年代学、地球化学与岩石成因

色那铜(金)矿床位于西藏班怒成矿带西段的多龙矿集区内东北部,具有良好的找矿潜力。锆石U-Pb测年显示成矿石英闪长玢岩的形成年龄为(118.1±1.4)Ma,与已报道的多龙矿集区内岛弧型含矿斑岩的成岩成矿时代一致。色那石英闪长玢岩属于活动大陆边缘的高钾钙碱性—钙碱性系列准铝质I型花岗岩,富集轻稀土(LREE)和大离子亲石元素(LILE:Th,U,K及Rb),亏损重稀土(HREE)及高场强元素(HFSE:Nb、Ta、Zr及Ti),δEu为基本无异常(0.92~1.04),具备典型岛弧岩浆岩特征。岩石Rb/Sr值(0.143~0.195),Zr/Hf值(31.23~34.14),Nb/Ta值(9.21~11.59),反映出壳幔混合的特点。锆石(~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf)_i为0.282707~0.282719,ε_(Hf)(t)为0.28~11.77,两阶段模式年龄T_(DMC)=424~1159Ma,暗示其可能起源于新生下地壳的部分熔融。综合分析认为,色那矿区石英闪长玢岩是班公湖—怒江特提斯洋壳向北俯冲于羌塘地块之下的背景下,由新生下地壳部分熔融形成,源区内可能有幔源物质混入。早白垩世晚期(约118.1 Ma)班公湖—怒江洋仍然存在向北俯冲消减作用。     

Relationship between Granite and Eclogite on the Southern Margin of the Qilian Mountains: Evidence from Zircon SHRIMP Agesof the Aolaoshan Granite

Zircon SHRIMP ages of the Aolaoshan granite on the south margin of the Qilian Mts. range from 445±15.3 to 496±7.6 Ma (averaging 473 Ma), belonging to the Early Ordovician. Geochemically, the granite is similar to I-type granite and, tectonically, was formed in an island-arc environment based on relevant diagrams for structural discriminations. Considering also the regional geology, the authors suggest that the granite is part of an ultrahigh-pressure belt on the south margin of the Qilian Mts. and that its formation bears a close relationship to this belt.     

秦岭南缘勉略带构造属性及晚古生代地质背景: 来自碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学的制约

勉略构造带作为秦岭造山带内重要的构造边界,关于其构造属性及晚古生代以来的地质背景,一直是学术界争论的焦点。碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学在限定地层单元的最大沉积年龄、研究区域构造岩浆事件及约束构造地质背景等方面行之有效。基于此,通过对勉略带内五郎坪北侧两河口变沉积地层和侵入其中的变形花岗岩脉体进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究。获得2件变形花岗岩脉的结晶年龄均为406±1Ma。碎屑锆石主年龄谱分别为422~456Ma和558~826Ma,峰值年龄为441Ma和771Ma、813Ma,次级年龄谱分别为942~1495Ma和1658~2981Ma,峰值年龄不明显。依据最小一组碎屑锆石的峰值年龄（441Ma）,和侵入其中的变形花岗岩脉（406±0.6Ma）,限定该变沉积地层形成时代为406~441Ma（S1-D1）。碎屑锆石年龄谱显示该套变沉积地层物质来源较为复杂,其中秦岭造山带及扬子板块北缘早古生代、新元古代岩浆岩为其提供了74%±的物源,古老变质基底为其提供了26%±的物源。通过与区域上已有资料对比,认为勉略构造带内晚古生代沉积地层形成环境与邻区大致相同,且本次所获得的变沉积岩碎屑锆石年龄谱也与邻区泥盆系相似。综合认为,勉略构造带与邻区在晚古生代应属同一构造环境,晚古生代"勉略海盆"应当包括整个南秦岭。     

川西甲基卡地区侏倭组沉积物源分析——来自碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄证据

松潘-甘孜造山带是青藏高原东北部的重要组成单元,是华北板块、扬子板块和羌塘块体的主要汇聚地区,主要由中生代浅变质沉积地层和一系列岩浆岩组成,记录了印支期以来块体之间的收敛汇聚等构造活动。其中,雅江残余盆地发育一套厚度巨大的中生代碎屑岩和岩浆岩地层组合,是研究松潘-甘孜造山带地质构造演化的理想地区之一。本文对川西甲基卡地区侏倭组的样品进行了碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄测试,碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄存在四个峰值,分别为231～281Ma、424～502Ma、707～983Ma、1539～1850Ma,表明扬子克拉通西缘及松潘甘孜造山带南部至少经历了四期强烈的构造—岩浆热事件,这四期事件在三叠系沉积地层中有非常清楚的记录。231～281Ma的锆石来自东昆仑,这一年龄段的锆石最可能来自北部晚二叠世松潘洋向北俯冲于华北板块之下所形成的东昆仑岛弧花岗岩。424～502Ma的锆石来自北秦岭,代表了加里东期南秦岭与北秦岭和华北板块的拼合事件。722～983Ma的锆石来自扬子板块,这一年龄段的锆石最可能来自盆地东部新元古界拉伸系上扬子克拉通盆地向北西俯冲于华北板块之下所形成的南秦岭花岗岩,形成于...     

西藏驱龙斑岩铜矿含矿斑岩的年代学与地球化学

驱龙斑岩铜(钼)矿是冈底斯斑岩成矿带上的重要矿床之一,由于其被发现较晚、海拔高、工作条件差,总体研究程度较低。本文通过野外工作和对岩心样品分析,在岩石学和地球化学研究基础上,采用离子探针(SHRIMP)锆石U-Pb方法和辉钼矿Re-Os方法研究了驱龙矿区的成矿和成岩年龄。选择两种方法测定了驱龙斑岩铜矿黑云母花岗闪长岩成岩与成矿年龄,其中两个样品的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb谐和年龄分别为16．35±0．40Ma和16．38±0．46Ma;4个样品中辉钼矿的Re-Os模式年龄为15．82～16．85Ma。获得的结果与已有定年结果一致。综合分析表明,驱龙矿床的成岩与成矿作用是一个连续的岩浆作用过程,整个冈底斯斑岩成矿带成矿时间介于12～17Ma,成矿时间持续大约5Ma。