论陶渊明与华兹华斯诗歌中“静”的意蕴

陶渊明和华兹华斯都选择了归隐自然,希望藉大自然的幽静来摆脱社会的束缚,追求心灵的宁静,维持心理的平衡,因此,他们的诗歌中都表现出好静的特色。然而,由于社会文化背景的不同,两人对"静"有不同的感悟,他们的诗歌中达致宁静的方式和所表达的"静"的内涵也有所不同。从两位诗人的诗歌创作入手,探讨他们的"静"的文化特征。     

State and Development： Changes in Livelihood Strategies in Garhwal with Special Reference to Ecotourism in the Gangotri Region

The object of the paper is to provide an insight into the changes in livelihood strategies of the people in the Garhwal Himalayas over time. From sustaining an economy based on transit trade and subsistence agriculture, there has been a shift towards tourism in recent times. This shift has been due to the tradition of pilgrimage to the higher reaches and also due to promotion by the state by developing infrastructure and providing incentives. The paper is divided into four parts. In the first part, the policies of the colonial state and the events leading to the destruction of forests and the impoverishment of the self-sustaining semi-pastoral economy in the Garhwal Himalayas are outlined. It is argued that the destruction of forests and subsequently, the economy of the Himalayas were directly responsible for the large-scale migration to the plains. This also led to further exploitation of forests by the people who were unfamiliar with any other form of livelihood. The paper also discusses the policies of the newly independent Indian state and sees them as an extension of the British policy of large-scale exploitation of Himalayan forests for the purpose of development and economic growth. In the third section, the growth of ecotourism as a direct outcome of the orocess of deforestation and as resulting from the need of society to conserve and yet to earn a livelihood is discussed. The case study of the Gangotrir egion examines the dilemma faced by the people of Garhwal in sustaining their livelihood, income or the development in the area. In addition, tourism has fostered monopolies of groups external to the region thereby contributing neither to the income or the development in the area. In addition, there is an added threat to the environment-deforestation, and erosion-a direct outcome of increased and unplanned tourism. Such problems demand state intervention and management of t.ourism. The conclusion to the paper asserts that in order that the requirements of the society to progress and to sustain itself in its natural habitat are not compromised, it is essential to increase the process of democratization by strengthening local structures and by vesting the community with the autonomy to determine its future. The paper therefore argues that ecotourism in the Himalayas undertaken without local involvement is not desirable. The constant need for local monitoring of external agencies or even of the State‘s participation and the need for re-evaluation of environmental standards are cumbersome details that add to the costs of promoting low-impact tourism. To be viable, ecotourism should be community based and the needs of the community, their ideas of conservation should be given prime importance and local community must be encouraged to review the standards governing conservation. Local structures should thus receive patronage and promotion, so that ecotourism becomes a dynamic facet of economic development.     

关于发展辽宁矿产资源综合利用、精深加工的思考

发展矿产资源的综合利用、精深加工是矿产资源有效保护、合理利用、可持续发展和矿业产业结构战略性调整中的一项重要任务。针对辽宁省矿产资源综合利用、精深加工的现状及面临的问题，本文提出应制定相应的法律，依法保障矿产资源利用、精深加工；定期发布辽宁省《矿产资源精深加工、综合利用目录》，公布鼓励开发生产的产品；制定配套的矿业政策；开展政府网络信息服务；建立基金制度；提高技术水平并引进技术；有关部门应重视、支持、配合，这样才能最终实现矿产资源和矿业经济的整体性可持续发展。     

地勘单位转变经济增长方式若干问题的思考

转变地勘单位的经济增长方式,提高各生产要素的使用效率,进而提高经济效益,推动地勘单位的经济持续、健康、全面的发展是当前急需解决的首要问题。本文在分析了地勘单位经济增长方式现状的基础上,指出了优化认识、优化资金配置、优化资本运行机制、优化内部管理、优化经营规模、优化人才成长环境等六个方面是转变地勘单位经济增长方式可选择的主要思路和途径。     

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大学生海洋意识调查分析

以问卷形式对大学生的海洋认识进行调查,结果显示大学生海洋意识总体较弱,但大多学生关心海洋资源开发与海洋污染问题,海洋主权意识强烈。在此基础上分析了大学生海洋意识薄弱的根源以及增强大学生海洋意识的必要性。借鉴日本海洋教育经验,提出了让海洋知识教育进入大学课堂,加强各种媒介对全社会宣传海洋知识,并组织丰富多彩的活动普及海洋科学知识等途径为我国培养拥有较高海洋意识水平的大学生。     

面向微地图的地标提取方法及个性化寻路应用

地标在空间信息传输中具有重要作用,微地图为用户制作及传播地图内容提供平台。为提取符合人们空间认知的微地图地标,本文提出了一种由用户生成内容来提取地标的方法。(1)计算公众认知度、城市中心度、特征属性值3个指标;(2)利用熵值法确定各指标的权重,依据地标显著度差异分层获取地标,建立服务于微地图用户的地标集;(3)在用户制作及传播微地图的过程中,收集由用户生成的地标,丰富地标库,实现地标的二次传播,达到由用户生成内容提取地标的目的。实验选择兰州市安宁区的POI数据计算地标显著度,提取不同层次的地标,实验结果创建了服务于微地图用户的各层地标集,实例化利用地标连线完成寻路,绘制出满足用户不同需求的个性化路线。本研究应用于日常寻路,为微地图的快速绘制和将地标纳入导航系统提供参考,提高寻路效率。     

Simulation of seafloor electrical resistivity measuring equipment based on 3D finite element method

In order to explore the mineral resources buried in sea mud,it is necessary to use seabed resistivity measuring equipment,which works closer to the sediments than ordinary ship-based geophysical measuring equipment. Because of the harsh environment of seafloor,high pressure and highly conductive seawater,marine magnetotelluric method developed slowly. The sea floor environment is similar to the environment of logging, According to the design of dual lateral logging equipment,a new equipment for seafloor electrical resistivity measurement is designed. Four 3D FEM models that contain resistivity abnormal targets are built to test the ability of this equipment to locate different shape of shallow buried resistivity abnormal targets in sea mud. The authors propose the method to correct the response curve while the bottom surface of this equipment is suspended or not parallel to the seafloor. The resistivity of targets can be calculated accurately.     

中国网络信息流的空间结构模式分析

信息流在社会空间结构研究,尤其是在城市空间结构研究中占据越来越重要的地位,本文以CERNET的数据为基础,分析了信息流的等级结构和流动模式,揭示了我国互联网网络结构的空间特征,并对其未来的发展变化提出了初步的设想以及对未来研究方向和方法的一些建议。     

不同约束对GPS观测网平差结果的影响

对卫星轨道和测站坐标的约束程度设计了 4种方案 ,对中国地壳运动观测网络10 18GPS周的基准站观测数据进行了试验研究。结果显示 :松驰轨道和紧约束 IGS站方案的结果与紧约束轨道和 IGS站方案的结果基本一致 ,认为这与先验坐标的精确度较高有关。其他方案之间存在较大的差别。最后讨论了大尺度 GPS监测网数据处理时参考基准的选择问题 ,认为一般情况下 ,应该使用全球解 H文件 ,把平差结果归算到全球参考框架中     

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基于高斯曲线拟合-FFT方法的南海风场反演

海面风场是海洋学的基本参量,获取海面风场对了解海洋的物理过程以及海洋与大气之间的相互作用至关重要。宽阔的海域面积及复杂的海面状况通常使南海海面上的风场信息很难被及时获取。ENVISAT ASAR是一种全天候全天时监测海面的微波雷达传感器,可实时获取海面风场数据。本文基于已有ASAR数据对南海海面风场进行反演实验,首先将结合高斯曲线拟合的FFT风向反演方法应用于南海风向反演,并参考Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform （CCMP）风场数据去除180o方向模糊获得海面风向。然后,将高斯曲线拟合-FFT风向与传统的峰值-FFT风向进行对比,最后将准确率较高的高斯曲线拟合-FFT风向分别输入CMOD4模型和CMOD5模型获得海面风速大小。实验结果与CCMP参考数据的比较结果表明,在风条纹不明显的情况下,利用结合高斯曲线的FFT风向反演方法和CMOD4模型风速反演方法可有效地进行南海海面风场反演。该成果对利用SAR数据实时获取南海大面积海面风场信息,尤其是观测点缺乏海域的风场信息,具有重要的指导意义。     

山东铝业公司第二赤泥堆场地下水环境影响评价

山东铝业公司拟建第二赤泥堆场于母猪山石灰石采空区。该堆场运行后将对下游地下水体造成污染 ,pH值将达到 1 1 .3。为此 ,拟采用赤泥、石灰配比为 1∶9的抗渗垫层进行防渗。根据水流运移特征及防渗材料特征 ,评价满足堆场使用 2 0年的最佳垫层厚度为 1 .0m。     

基于序列势态和系统比重的TRA灰色关联度算法

传统灰色关联度在分析构成因素系统时不能顾及因素序列分量占行为特征序列对应分量的比重,为此,通过斜率的相对变化率表征序列的发展态势,通过用紧邻均值化值的比来表征序列比重,综合这两个量,并用斜率之积的正负性来表征正负关联性,从而提出了一种称作TRA的灰色关联度。TRA灰色关联度具有规范性、整体性、对称性、唯一性和接近性等性质。对于由第一、二、三产业的生产总值构成的地区生产总值的构成因素系统,通过TRA关联度的分析表明分析结果是合理的。     

基于多因子及泰勒级数的滑坡变形预测模型研究

将滑坡的变形看作时间、月降雨量、气温的函数,使用泰勒级数建立它们的函数关系,并将泰勒级数展开至二次项,建立卡尔曼滤波模型,用于滑坡变形的预测预报。实例计算表明,卡尔曼滤波模型的拟合效果和预测效果良好,可用于土质滑坡变形的短期预测预报。     

实施创新教育培养高素质创新人才

世界科技飞速发展的今天，实施创新教育是时代的呼唤，是教育改革与发展的方向，是素质教育的必然。创新教育是探索精神、综合能力、创造意识与创造能力的培养，改变传统教育观念，加强教育改革，改革教学方法，营造有利于创造性人才成长的环境是实施创新教育的有效途径。     

利用水井视电阻率确定含水层分布

为加强地下水管理,摸清区域含水层分布,介绍了利用现有水井,应用物探方法测量其剖面视电阻率曲线,确定含水层分布的方法。     

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高校基本建设项目审计监督的实践与探讨——以广东海洋大学为例

在分析高校基本建设项目关键环节进行审计监督的必要性基础上,以海洋大学为例,探讨了高校审计部门必须科学切入文件、中标合同、工程预算、设计变更、工程签证、工程材料和工程结算等关键环节,实施基建项目"全过程跟踪审计",以促成"质量、速度、效益"三项目标的实现,