福建邱村金矿床控矿因素及成因

邱村金矿矿体严格受构造、次火山岩、次火山隐爆角砾岩控制，通过对矿石黄铁矿Pb、S同位素分析以及相邻矿区成矿温度的对比研究，金矿成矿物质来源于元古宇麻源群深变质岩系，成矿热液来源于火山岩浆期后分异的热液，该矿床属火山岩中－低温热液型金矿床。     

浅成低温热液金矿研究现状及其趋势

浅成低温热液金矿指产于陆相火山岩系中或相邻岩石中，形成温度低于３００℃，成矿流体是大气降水与岩浆热液形成的混合热液的一类金矿床。近几年对浅成低温热液金矿研究结果突破了浅成低温热液金矿只形成于中一新生代火山岩系中的概念，在石炭纪陆相火山岩中发现了浅成低温热液金矿。浅成低温热液矿床一般产于岛弧环境或大陆边缘环境中一酸性陆相火山夺系及相邻岩石中。根据矿物组合及蚀变特征，浅成低温热液矿床可分为高硫型、低硫     

新疆伊宁县塔乌尔别克金矿地质特征及成因分析

塔乌尔别克金矿是西天山吐拉苏断陷盆地火山岩带浅成低温热液型金矿集中区的一个金矿床,矿体主要赋存于下石炭统大哈拉军山组地层中。文章阐述了塔乌尔别克金矿床地质特征,探讨了矿床成因,认为塔乌尔别克金矿属于火山-次火山浅成低温热液型金矿床。     

赣北燕山期火山-次火山-斑岩金矿床成矿系列及地质特征

燕山期火山-次火山-浅成斑岩金矿成矿系列构成了赣北地区一个重要的金矿成矿系列.根据其金矿成矿物质来源、成矿作用及产出的围岩条件可划分为火山热液型、次火山-浅成斑岩热液型和隐爆角砾岩型金矿床.对上述3种主要金矿床地质特征、找矿标志进行了较为详细的描述,同时对赣北地区该金矿成矿系列进一步找矿方向进行了论述,旨在加强和推动赣北地区金矿地质勘查工作.     

新疆塔吾尔别克金矿矿床地质特征及成矿规律探讨

新疆塔吾尔别克金矿位于著名的阿希金矿附近,矿床产于下石炭统大哈拉军山组第5段安山岩及安山质凝灰岩中,矿床主要受NW—NNW向构造蚀变带的控制,同时次火山相二长斑岩、爆破角砾岩筒(隐爆角砾岩)对成矿也具控制作用;蚀变类型主要有黄铁绢英岩化、硅化、碳酸盐化,热液成矿期包括石英-黄铁矿、石英-硫化物和石英-碳酸盐等3个阶段,形成蚀变岩型、石英脉型和石英-碳酸盐脉型3种金矿化类型,表生期形成氧化金矿。在阐述矿床地质特征基础上,归纳出构造控矿规律、火山-次火山岩体控矿规律、中-低温成矿规律和多因复合成矿规律,综合勘查和研究成果,认为矿床的成因类型为与晚古生代早-中期火山热液有关、有次火山(斑岩型、爆破角砾岩筒型和隐爆角砾岩型)热液成矿作用叠加的浅成低温热液型金矿床。     

新疆阿希地区金矿概论

在新疆伊宁县阿希地区发现的大中型金矿床属于浅成低温热液金矿系统，赋存于晚古生代拉张环境下形成的吐拉苏火山盆地内，三级火山构造分别控制矿带，矿田和矿床，矿床围岩为下石炭统大哈拉军山组中酸性－酸性（偏碱性）陆相火山岩系，成矿时代为早石炭世杜内期，可分成冰长石－绢云母型和硅化岩型，在成矿时代，构造环境上有别于以前确认的浅成低温热液系统，对于扩大矿领域，推进区域成矿学的研究均具一定意义。     

西天山地区浅成低温热液型金矿地质特征及成矿模式

新近发现于西天山吐拉苏地区的阿希大型金矿床及其外围的伊尔曼得、恰布坎卓它等金矿床(点)的矿化类型为浅成低温热液型，并进一步划分为冰长石—绢云母型和硅化岩型。矿床赋存于伊犁晚古生代裂谷区的吐拉苏—也里莫墩火山岩带中，矿床围岩为下石炭统大哈拉军山组中基性—中酸性陆相火山岩系。冰长石—绢云母型以阿希金矿为代表，矿床为沿火山口缘环状、放射状断裂充填的石英脉型；硅化岩型以伊尔曼得金矿为代表，矿化体呈层状、似层状，受火山岩系底部沉火山碎屑岩控制。结合该地区成矿地球化学特征分析，本文讨论了区内金矿成矿特征、成矿背景和成矿条件，建立了西天山地区浅成低温热液型金矿的成矿模式。     

新疆鄯善县齐石滩金矿床地质特征及成矿条件分析

通过对齐石滩金矿床区域地质背景、矿区地质特征、矿石特征、围岩蚀变、以及控矿因素、金的富集规律、成矿机制、找矿标志研究,金矿床主要赋存于下石炭统雅满苏组中酸性火山岩-次火山岩及石英脉中,认为矿床成因类型属浅成低温火山热液型金矿床,为该地区寻找同类型金矿提供依据。     

内蒙古陈巴尔虎旗四五牧场金矿地质特征及成因探讨

内蒙古陈巴尔虎旗四五牧场金矿与侏罗-白垩纪浅成-超浅成岩体关系密切,构造-岩浆热液在上侵过程中萃取部分基底岩系中的成矿物质,并在粗安质隐爆角砾岩中富集成矿。硫同位素分析表明部分成矿物质来源于围岩,包体测温表明成矿热液为低温热液,同位素测年结果表明成矿期在晚侏罗世-早白垩世。矿床为赋存于粗安质火山岩中、与侏罗-白垩纪火山-次火山活动有关的HS型浅成中低温热液型铜金矿。正磁异常区的低-负磁带状异常是矿化蚀变带的反映。具有一定规模、有明显浓集中心、浓度分带好、具明显分带的As-Sb-Ag-Hg-Au组合异常,伴有Cu,Pb,Zn,Bi异常,是寻找该类型铜金矿床的有利地段。     

中国西南部特提斯构造域浅成低温热液型分类及时空分布特征

中国西南部特提斯构造域浅成低温热液型金矿分为火山－次火山热液型金矿床，地下热卤水型金矿床和火山热泵型金矿３个大类及７个亚类。研究了各类型金矿的地球化学特征，在此基础上论述了区内浅成低温热液型金矿的时空分布，划分出６个矿区和２１个成矿带。     

内蒙古阿右旗卡休他他夕卡岩型铁金矿床地质特征及控矿因素探讨

内蒙古阿右旗卡休他他铁金矿床属于夕卡岩-热液叠加型矿床。特定岩性、岩浆岩、构造是形成该种类型矿床的基本条件：辉长岩和石英闪长岩与围岩的接触带控制矿床的产出部位,岩体接触带的夕卡岩控制着铁、金矿体的分布范围,层间破碎带和构造裂隙带则控制着铁、金矿体的形态。铁矿化产于中基性岩体和围岩接触的夕卡岩带中,金矿体产在富铁矿体及其附近的夕卡岩中,金矿和铁矿是同一地质作用过程中不同阶段的产物,矿床可能形成于海西中期。     

加拿大萨斯喀彻温省索西(Southey)钾盐矿床特征及成因

加拿大萨斯喀彻温省索西(Southey)钾盐矿床,主要赋存于中泥盆统的Elk Point(埃尔克波因特)群上部Prairie Evaporite(草原蒸发岩)组。钾盐矿层稳定,似水平状展布,埋深约1250~1550 m;钾盐矿物主要有钾石盐(KCl)和光卤石(KCl·Mg Cl2·6H2O),矿石品位高,w(K2O)可达11.17%~21.85%,是世界少有的高品质钾盐矿床。文章分别从构造位置、古地理条件、物源补给、沉积韵律和成矿过程等多个方面综合分析了索西钾盐矿床的成因。     

论凤山铜矿床的再生成因

凤山铜矿床产于中元古界昆阳群绿汗江组凤山段，其下伏为中元古代晚期的滇中裂陷槽中的狮山铜矿床。凤山铜矿床矿体呈脉状、巢状、囊状，切割围岩，形态产状受断裂构造及狮山段紫色层“刺穿体”的控制，是典型的后生矿床。矿石物质成分（以黄铜矿、斑铜矿为主）、黄铁矿的Co含量（0．6％）及Co/Ni比值（75．71）和硫化物的δ^34S值均继承了狮山铜矿床的特点；矿石具碎斑状、角砾状，细脉状和网脉状等后生矿石构造，凤山铜矿床黄铜矿、斑铜矿对各种波长入射光的反射率均高于狮山铜矿床黄铜矿、黄铜矿的Cu、Au、Ag含量高于狮山铜矿的黄铜矿，而S、As、Zn含量低于狮山矿的黄铜矿。基于上述特征，提出了凤山铜矿床的再生成矿模式。凤山铜矿床的成矿物质来自下伏的狮山铜矿床及狮山段紫色层细碧质火山角砾岩，经后期非含矿热液溶解而沿构造上升，而后在上覆地层的构造中沉淀、富集而形成再生矿床。     

云南白牛厂银多金属矿床成因

对云南白牛厂超大型银多金属矿床的地质、地球化学特征及矿床形成的长期性及多阶段性的研究认为:白牛厂银多金属矿床是热水沉积—叠生成因矿床,早期呈现寒武纪的热水同生沉积成矿作用,晚期为燕山期花岗岩浆热液成矿作用。该矿床是热水沉积成矿作用与岩浆热液成矿作用叠加成矿的产物。     

云南大平掌铜多金属矿床硫、铅、氢、氧同位素地球化学

对云南大平掌铜多金属火山岩型块状硫化物矿床的矿石矿物和火山岩围岩的Ｓ、Ｐｂ同位素及脉石矿物、硅 化岩、硅质岩等的Ｈ、Ｏ同位素地球化学特征进行了研究,认为矿床中大多数硫来源于热液对火山岩的淋滤,或直接 来源于火山喷气作用;矿石铅与火山岩铅属同一来源,且以富放射性成因铅为特征;成矿流体可能主要来源于深循环的海水与岩浆水的混合流体,而大气降水参与的可能性很小。     

新疆和田县雪凤岭锂矿床、雪盆锂矿床和双牙锂矿床地质特征及伟晶岩脉群分带初步研究

作为战略性关键金属矿产,锂矿勘查与研究已成为当今矿产勘查和地学研究的热点。项目组2017年以来通过多次野外勘查、系统取样与室内化验分析,确认在新疆和田县白龙山锂多金属矿床东部的雪凤岭一带发现了雪凤岭、雪盆和双牙3处花岗伟晶岩型锂多金属矿床。雪凤岭锂矿床由3个含矿伟晶岩脉群共计47条锂多金属矿体组成,矿体长32~360 m,厚0.9~8 m,走向110°~120°,倾角49°~78°。对雪凤岭矿区伟晶岩脉群研究,发现含矿伟晶岩脉群‒含白云母伟晶岩脉群‒块体石英长石伟晶岩脉群‒含黑色电气石伟晶岩脉群‒块体石英长石伟晶岩脉群‒含白云母伟晶岩脉群‒含矿伟晶岩脉群具对称分带特征,进而在距雪凤岭1550 m南部的双牙山和雪盆沟发现较好的锂矿体,其中双牙锂矿床主矿体长850 m,厚12 m,出露最宽处近100 m;雪盆锂矿床3条锂矿体,长800~1200 m,厚4~8 m,向西合成一个矿体,厚12~20 m。各矿体Li2O品位0.6%~4.02%。伴生BeO品位0.04%~0.15%,Rb2O品位0.10%~0.23%,Nb2O5品位0.007%~0.047%,Ta2O5品位0.003%~0.046%。预测雪凤岭、雪盆、双牙3个矿床334资源量共计Li2O为7.1886×105 t,BeO为2.648×103 t,Rb2O为1.433×103 t,Nb2O5为3.387×103 t,Ta2O5为1.727×103 t,雪凤岭一带有望成为一个超大型锂多金属稀有金属矿产基地。     

Silver-Bearing and Associated Minerals in El Zancudo Deposit, Antioquia, Colombia

The occurrence and the chemical compositions of ore minerals (especially the silver‐bearing minerals) and fluid inclusions of the El Zancudo mine in Colombia were investigated in order to analyze the genetic processes of the ore minerals and to examine the genesis of the deposit. The El Zancudo mine is a silver–gold deposit located in the western flank of the Central Cordillera in Antioquia Department. It consists mainly of banded ore veins hosted in greenschist and lesser disseminated ore in porphyritic rocks. The ore deposit is associated with extensive hydrothermally altered zones. The ores from the banded veins contain sphalerite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, galena, Ag‐bearing sulfosalts, Pb‐Sb sulfosalts, and minor chalcopyrite, electrum, and native silver. Electrum is included within sphalerite, pyrite, and arsenopyrite, and is also partially surrounded by pyrite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, and tetrahedrite. Native silver is present in minor amounts as small grains in contact with Ag‐rich sulfosalts. Silver‐bearing sulfosalts are argentian tetrahedrite–freibergite solid solution, andorite, miargyrite, diaphorite, and owyheeite. Pb‐Sb sulfosalts are bournonite, jamesonite, and boulangerite. Two main crystallization stages are recognized, based on textural relations and mineral assemblages. The first‐stage assemblage includes sphalerite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, galena and electrum. The second stage is divided into two sub‐stages. The first sub‐stage commenced with the deposition and growth of sphalerite, pyrite, and arsenopyrite. These minerals are characterized by compositional growth banding, and seem to have crystallized continuously until the end of the second sub‐stage. Tetrahedrite, Pb‐Cu sulfosalts, Ag‐Sb sulfosalt, and Pb‐Ag‐Sb sulfosalts crystallized from the final part of the first sub‐stage and during the whole second sub‐stage. However, one Pb‐Ag‐Sb sulfosalt, diaphorite, was formed by a retrograde reaction between galena and miargyrite. The minimum and maximum genetic temperatures estimated from the FeS content of sphalerite coexisting with pyrite and the silver content of electrum are 300°C and 420°C, respectively. These estimated genetic temperatures are similar to, but slightly higher than the homogenization temperatures (235–350°C) of primary fluid inclusions in quartz. The presence of muscovite in the altered host rocks and gangue suggest that the pH of the hydrothermal solutions was close to neutral. Most of the sulfosalts in this deposit have previously been attributed as the products of epithermal mineralization. However, El Zancudo can be classified as a xenothermal deposit, in view of the low pressure and high temperature genetic conditions identified in the present study, based on the mineralogy of sulfosalts and the homogenization temperatures of the fluid inclusions.     

Geology, Geochemistry and Minerogenesis of the Shijuligou Zinc–Copper Deposit in Gansu, China

Abstract: The Shijuligou deposit was separated by an arcuate ductile shear zone cross the center of the deposit region, resulting in the difference between the southern and northern ore bodies. The lead (Pb) isotopic data of ores of the Shijuligou copper deposit have averages of 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 208Pb/204Pb in 17.634, 15.444, and 37.312, respectively. It has been shown that ore-forming metals originated from intrusive and extrusive rocks in the upper part of ophiolites. The sulfur isotopic data of pyrite and chalcopyrite in the northern part change from +7.61‰ to +8.09‰ and +4.95‰ to +8.88‰ in the southern part. Isotopes of δ18O in the Shijuligou copper deposit are between +11.1‰ and +18.6‰, with the calculated δ18OH2O at +0.65‰. It is suggested that the mineralized fluid is a mixture of magma fluid, meteorological water, and seawater through circulating and leaching metals from the volcanic rocks. The zircon uranium-lead (U–Pb) dating of gabbro is 457.9±1.2 Ma, and the lower crossing age of the discordant and concordia curves of pyroxene spilite of zircon is 454±15 Ma. It is indicated that the Shijuligou deposit formed in a new ocean crust (ophiolite) of the back-arc basin in the late Ordovician. Mineralization should occur in the intermittence period after strong volcanic activity, and the age should be the late Ordovician. Moreover, the mineralization of ophiolite-hosted massive sulfide deposits in the ancient orogenic belt of the late Ordovician in the northern Qilian Mountains was controlled by the primary fault/fracture, with the forming of a metallogenic hydrothermal system by a mixture of volcanic magma fluid and seawater, which circularly leached the metallogenic metals from the volcanic rocks, resulting in their accumulation. The ore bodies were transformed with morphology and metallogenic elements. Jasperoid is an important sign for prospecting such deposits. There were many island arcs in the continent of China. This study provides evidence for understanding and exploration of ophiolite-hosted massive sulfide deposits in western China, especially in the area of northern Qilian Mountains.     

甘肃岷县寨上金钨矿床中钨矿特征及找矿标志

寨上矿床属于以金为主、伴生钨的多金属矿床。目前已发现15条钨矿化体,其中主要的6条钨矿体均与金矿体相重合。寨上矿区9处异常中有7处Au、W异常相重合。Au、W元素相伴生存在,局部地区形成金、钨矿化体共生的局面。钨矿物主要为白钨矿,极少量黑钨矿。白钨矿也是重要的载金矿物,金与钨关系密切。矿体主要产于碳质板岩、泥质板岩、钙质板岩等较软弱岩性地层。矿脉受控于层间或顺层断裂破碎带。矿区的主要蚀变类型有硅化、黄铁矿化,其次为碳酸盐化、绢云母化。低阻高极化异常能较准确的反映矿化带和矿脉的延伸位置。钨的水系沉积物异常和土壤异常均呈带状低值异常特征,与已知矿带吻合较好。研究成果及勘查实践证明,在该金矿化(带)体中寻找钨矿化体是最简捷的方法。     

新疆且末县卡特里西铜锌矿地质特征

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