张北6.2级地震序列显著余震现场灰色预测

根据张家口地震台记录的１９９８年张北早期地震序列资料,对其显著余震（系指ＭＬ≥４．０,下同）建立了ＧＭ（１,１）动态灰色预测模型,并进而依此模型对张北震区主震后,短时内连续发生的５次显著余震进行了尝试性现场预测,结果与实事较吻合,表明灰色预测方法对于探讨如何简捷有效地预测地震序列早期强余震问题,可能具有一定的实际意义。     

GM模型在南北地震带中南段地区强地震序列预测中的应用

对南北地震带中南段地区M≥6．5强地震序列进行灰色系统GM模型的建模，从模型检测精度和结果看，模型的关联度R，后验差比值C，小误差概率P等有关指标都说明所建模型可靠，精确，因此灰色系统GM模型在南北地震带中南段地区强地震序列和预测中的应用是可行的。     

新疆地震趋势的模糊灰色预测

从模糊数学和灰色系统理论两个不同角度来分析地震事件，把模糊数学的表达方式用于灰色灾变预测ＧＭ（１，１）中，建立了地震预测的模糊灰色模型。用此模型讨论了南北天山四个区（带）的震级序列，在等维情况下，对比了模糊灰色方法与单纯灰色方法的优劣，讨论了影响预测结果的因素，最后给出了不同目标震级下各区（带）的预测值。     

日本发生中强地震的灰色预测

本文应用灰色控制系统理论,选取１９８０年１月至１９８８年１２月日本的地震序列资料,将（６．０,７．０）级地震作为样本,建立了预报地震发震时刻的动态模型,并选取最佳模型对日本未未来发生中强地震的时间进行了预测,另外,从函数变换的观点,对ＧＭ（１,１）模型进行了广义解释,指出对序列建模必须从满足光滑度的时刻计起。通过大量计算表明,用足够小量样本比大量样本建模,其拟合与外推精度要高。。对此,从信息论的角     

日本发生中强地震的灰色预测

应用“灰色控制系统”理论，选取１９８０年１月至１９８８年１２月日本的地震序列资料，将（６．０，７．０］级地震作为样本，建立了预报地震发震时刻的动态模型。选取了最佳模型对日本未来发生中强地震的时间进行了预测。从函数变换的观点，对ＧＭ（１，１）模型进行了广义解释，指出序列建模必须从满足光滑度的时刻计起。大量计算表明，用“足够小量”样本建模比大量样本建模拟合与外推精度要高，并从信息论角度进行了剖析。     

华北地震区地震平静幕持续时间的变化及其解释

本文研究了华北地震区地震平静幕持续时间的变化。发现在每个地震活动期里地震平静幕的持续时间以非线性方式衰减。笔者用灰色系统ＧＭ（１，１）模型拟合了这一非线性特点并用流变体模型对这个特点作了初步解释。     

跨断层短边测距资料处理中的GM模型

应用灰色系统理论的ＧＭ模型对短边测距资料进行了处理并识别异常,发现在绝大多数中强地震前,如１９８９年大同６．１级地震,１９９１年大同５．８级地震,１９９１年唐山４．８级、５．１级地震,１９９５年唐山古冶５．０级地震,１９９６年包头６．４级地震,１９９８年张北６．２级地震前,均有比较明显的异常显示,对所建模型的精度进行了检验,证明这一方法识别异常可靠,可用于地震预报。     

地震预测的灰色模糊模型

在灰色系统理论GM(1,1)模型的基础上,把模糊数学的表达方式用于灰色灾变预测中,建立了地震预测的灰色模糊模型。用此模型对我国川滇、甘宁青、新疆及华北等地区大地震时间序列进行预测检验,结果表明:灰色模糊预测模型比纯灰色系统理论模型要好,因而可在实际地震预测中试用。最后对所得结果及实际应用中需要注意的问题也进行了讨论。     

晋冀蒙交界地区中强地震危险性的灰色拓扑预测

应用灰色系统理论 ,建立了晋冀蒙交界地区的 5级和 6级以上地震的灰色预测模型 .利用上述模型对该地区未来几年内中强地震的活动趋势进行了预测     

山东沿黄河带地震活动性的研究

通过对历史地震和现代地震资料的分析，论述了山东沿黄河带地震活动的时空分布特征、应变能积累释放特征、地震震中迁移规律及其震级一频度关系，并运用灰色理论ＧＭ（１，１）模型对山东沿黄河带未来地震危险性进行预测。     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases     

SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

正~~