A new model of lithosphere deformation beneath the Okinawa Trough based on gravity data

The Ryukyu trench-arc system can be divided into two types according to its subduction model. The normal subduction in the northern part of the Philippine Sea plate creates a hinge sedimentary wedge with large deformation at the collision front, while the oblique subduction in the southern part gives rise to a smaller accretion with small deformation than that in the northern part. The mechanisms that cause distinction between these two types have been analysed and calculated by using gravity data based on the lithosphere rheology and the stress state of the lithosphere in the subduction boundary. The two types of subduction model are associated with the internal extension in the southern Okinawa Trough and the small extension in the northern part. The difference of the stress state between the two types of subduction model is also manifested in other tectonic features, such as topography, volcanic activity and crust movement. Modeling bathymetric and gravity data from this area suggests that the oblique subduction of low angle, together with smooth geometry of the overlying plate crust, results in small stress released on the south of the trench by the subduction plate. The intraplate faults in the southern Okinawa Trough behind the trench stand in surplus intensive stress. On the other hand, the normal subduction of high angle, together with strong undulation geometry of the overlying crust, results in more intensive stress released in the northern Ryukyu Trench than that in the south. The intraplate faults in the northern Okinawa Trough behind the northern Ryukyu Trench stand in small stress.     

复杂模型重力位场快速正反演方法及应用

提要 本文详细讨论了一种三维重力位场快速正反演方法。作者在前人工作的基础上,对算法作了行之有效的改进,通过对反演中的不稳定因素进行各种理论模型试算,得出保证迭代反演稳定收敛的准则,编制出可在微型机IBM—PC上运行的人机对话式自动正反演程序。本文还对各种不均质模型进行了模似计算并将该方法应用于某含油气沉积盆地的双层界面构造研究,揭示出了储油有利地段。     

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A note on the deep circulation in the area east of Taiwan and the Philippines

The deep water (1000–3000 m) circulation in the area east of Taiwan and the Philippines has been little studied. Moriyasu (1972) and Reid (1981) discussed the 3000 db surface (3000/1200 db) and 2000 db surface (2000/3500 db) circulations of the Philippine Sea Basin, respectively. They both showed that there may be a northward current close to the western margin of the Sea Basin. Recent analyses of two sets of deep sea hydrographic data yielded quite different results, i. e., at deep waters in the area east of Taiwan and the Philippines southward countercurrents flow under the upper northward currents. The possible causative mechanism of these southward deep countercurrents is the blocking effects of the submarine ridge east of Suao and of the Ryukyu Islands Shelf on the northward flowing upper currents. The above-mentioned preliminary deductions were wholely based on consideration of the relative geostrophic current and calculation, though the reference surface (3500 db) was very deep. It is suggested that direct measurements of the deep currents in the study area are needed to verify these results. Contribution No. 1750 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica. This paper was presented at the PRC/USA Symposium on Western Pacific Air-Sea Interaction (Nov., 1988, Beijing). This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

重力数据误差对大地水准面模型建立的影响

基于Stokes理论建立的大地水准面模型,其精度受重力数据误差,即重力数据分辨率、精度以及积分范围的影响。针对这一问题,通过重力场谱特征分析,给出不同地形区域重力数据分辨率以及积分半径造成的大地水准面高频截断误差的量级大小,计算平均重力异常误差对大地水准面建模精度的影响。研究成果对不同地形区域cm级大地水准面模型的建立具有理论与指导意义。     

球坐标系下基于全球DEM数据的重力远二区高精度地改算法

提出使用全球高分辨率DEM数据计算重力远二区地形改正的方法。通过不同算例的对比分析,证明了该方法的可行性和有效性。结果表明,当环数大于4 000时,其计算精度可达到μGal级。同时,当前全球高分辨率DEM也适用于μGal级的远二区地改计算。     

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沈阳连续重力非潮汐变化异常分析

沈阳台定点重力非潮汐变化数据稳定,但自2017-06以来数据曲线连续5个月明显上升,且速率较大,幅度约为5μGal/月,打破了自2015年断电后重归的稳定状态。通过对仪器观测系统、区域地质特征、GPS资料及周边环境等分析发现,GPS垂直分量于同年5月开始下降,GPS垂向变化引起的重力量值-1.714μGal/mm远小于重力变化;抽水的干扰仅产生0.2181μGal的变化,远小于5μGal/月的量值变化。对GPS垂向引起的重力变化进行定量计算分析,并对水井抽水进行正演模型计算,排除抽水和垂向重力变化的影响,重力非潮汐变化量值约为14.7819μGal。研究发现,外界影响变化不足以引起重力的非潮汐异常。综合分析认为,该重力非潮汐变化异常为地震前兆异常,为后续地震预报提供了可靠依据。     

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全球地壳模型CRUST1.0在青藏高原东南部的重力检核

利用全球地壳模型CRUST1.0提供的地壳密度、厚度等分层信息,计算青藏高原东南部地壳各分层引起的重力异常,并累加获取总体布格重力异常,最后与利用全球重力场模型EGM2008获得的布格重力异常进行对比。结果表明,两种模型在大部分区域基本一致,布格重力异常变化在-600~20mGal之间,少数地区存在较大的差距,说明CRUST1.0模型的精度还有待提高。     

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高精度重复相对重力观测量提取

采用RANSAC算法剔除观测数据中的离群值,再使用线性内插法进行补全,利用整体投影计算的思想提取两点间的相对重力值,并对其精度和标准差进行检验。结果表明,动态重力观测的残差最大值为4.641 μGal,重复性标准差最大值为4.384 μGal,均优于5 μGal。该方法可获得较高精度的重力观测数据,为在复杂环境下获取相对重力值提供一种新方法。     

基于改进的2D多项式拟合及加权迭代算法的重力异常垂向分离

基于稳健的二维低阶多项式拟合及加权迭代算法,分别对模型重力位场数据和川滇地区实测地表重力异常数据进行地下不同深度层地质源的位场分离,并将所得结果与基于插值切割算法的位场分离结果以及川滇地区地质构造图进行比对。结果表明,该算法简单可靠,其结果可以用于川滇地区地质结构的精细反演和解释,也为其他更加深入的研究奠定了基础。     

EGMTools：重力场模型评估及重力量计算软件

高精度、高分辨率的地球重力场可用于统一全球高程基准及确定大地水准面等,因此全面评估重力场模型精度及其快速导出的各重力量（如高程异常等）具有重要意义。本文利用VS2015+Intel XE 2016平台及OpenMP等并行技术研发一套用于重力场模型评估及相关重力量计算的软件--EGMTools,该软件的主要功能有：1）可实现基于实测点或格网重力异常、高程异常及垂线偏差等数据对重力场模型截断至任意阶次的精度进行评估;2）可实现利用重力场模型计算任意点或格网（SRTM地形表面）重力异常、高程异常及垂线偏差等重力量;3）在全球范围内,可按照一定的格网间隔（如1°×1°）对不同重力场模型所表示的重力量（如高程异常等）按不同的阶次进行比较;4）重力场模型格式转换、阶方差分析及RTM重力量计算的数据预处理等。     

重力重复测量资料预处理的可视化研究

通过完备的数据关系和功能模块实现了数据的编译,建立了重力重复测量资料预处理系统.试验及实践结果表明:该系统处理数据速度快、计算正确、汉显与各项技术功能稳定可靠、操作简捷方便,能较好地实现重力重复测量资料的预处理.     

重力垂直梯度和重力异常辅助导航SITAN算法结果分析

在重力辅助惯性导航的仿真计算中,重力异常是人们常采用的辅助数据,重力垂直梯度数据对惯性导航的辅助能力还没有涉及过。利用重力异常数据和重力垂直梯度数据,在同一个区域内进行了多条航线SITAN匹配算法的仿真计算,并对SITAN算法的初始定位结果和匹配辅助导航的结果进行了统计分析。结果表明,无论在初始定位能力上还是匹配辅助导航能力上,重力垂直梯度的数据结果要好于重力异常数据结果。     

Combined analysis of gravity and magnetic anomalies using normalized source strength

The traditional combined gravity and magnetic analysis uses the linear regression of the first order vertical derivative of the gravity anomaly and the reduction to the pole ( RTP) magnetic anomaly, and provides the quantitative or semi-quantitative interpretation by calculating the correlation coefficient, slope, and inter-cept.In the calculation process, due to the remanent magnetization, the RTP anomaly still contains the effect of oblique magnetization, as a result, the homologous gravity and magnetic anomalies may display irrelevant results in the linear regression calculation.To solve this problem, we present a new combined analysis using normal-ized source strength ( NSS ) .Based on the Poisson's relation, the gravity field can be transformed into the pseudomagnetic field of the direction of geomagnetic field magnetization under the homologous condition.The NSS of the pseudomagnetic field and that of the original magnetic field are calculated, which are insensitive to the remanence, and then the linear regression analysis is carried out.The approach is tested using synthetic model under complex magnetization, the results show that it can still identify the gravity and magnetic anomalies from same source under strong remanence, and can establish the Poisson's ratio.Finally, this approach is ap-plied in Wudalianchi in China.The results demonstrated that this approach is feasible and can provide the ref-erence for further data processing and interpretation.     

Application of wavelet packet in gravity anomaly processing

Based on the advantages of the wavelet to separate regional field and local anomalies in MATLAB environment,a high-precision regional-residual separation was finally realized. Analytical continuation and trend surface analysis are conventional methods for gravity anomaly separation. But the wavelet packet analysis in analyzing gravity data can make the gravity anomaly to be computed at a higher precision. In this paper,wavelet packet method is used to process gravity anomaly data obtained in Laos,and the separation result is good. Daubechies wavelet series has a higher precision in the wavelet packet.     

CG-5重力仪格值系数对重力数据处理的影响

以南天山重力测网内的3个绝对重力点作为平差基准,利用2015~2016年的流动重力观测资料对两台CG-5重力仪进行实测标定,并对实测标定前后的重力网平差结果进行比较。结果显示,实测标定的格值系数与基线场的标定结果差异较大,利用实测标定值得到的平差精度明显高于标定前,利用带有误差的格值系数进行平差计算会引入额外的系统误差;差分重力变化结果显示,标定后的重力变化量级明显减小。由此表明,利用测网实测数据标定重力仪的格值系数可以有效减弱格值系数误差对平差结果的影响,有利于消除重力场变化结果的虚假信息。