新疆阿尔金盘龙沟金矿高光谱蚀变矿物找矿标志研究

高光谱遥感技术是近年来兴起并逐渐成熟的蚀变矿物研究方法。盘龙沟金矿床围岩蚀变发育,主要蚀变类型包括硅化、绿泥石化、绢云母化、碳酸盐化、钠长石化、褐铁矿化等,蚀变与金矿化关系密切。文章通过航空高光谱遥感数据和地面光谱数据,提取和诊断盘龙沟金矿床的不同地段、不同地质体的蚀变矿物信息,研究分析金矿区的航空和地面高光谱蚀变矿物、蚀变矿物组合特征,以及矿区围岩蚀变特征,总结航空和地面光谱蚀变矿物分带找矿标志规律,结合金矿床地质矿产特征,系统剖析金矿床的综合找矿标志特征,构建盘龙沟金矿床高光谱蚀变矿物找矿标志;同时依据绢云母、绿泥石的诊断光谱,研究两种蚀变矿物的光谱变化特征,分析了金矿床围岩蚀变的形成条件和蚀变矿物的温压条件,进而初步推测盘龙沟金矿床为中低温热液型金矿,其矿体与围岩形成的环境条件不同。     

Spatial characterization of environmental gradients in a coastal lagoon, Chincoteague Bay

Spatial patterns of environmental processes are intrinsic yet complex components of estuaries. Spatial characterization of environmental gradients is a necessary step to better understand and classify estuarine environments. A geographic information system is developed to analyze the major abiotic environmental processes, to evaluate accuracy and spatial uncertainty, and to analyze potential zonation within the choked coastal lagoon of Chincoteague Bay in Maryland and Virginia, USA. Spatially extensive grid-based models of environmental gradients are constructed from existing geospatial and environmental databases, including tidal prism, bathymetry, salinity, wave exposure, and Secchi disk depth. Integration of wetland boundaries and bathymetric data provide for full basin analysis of flushing and tidal prism. Multivariate Principal Components Analysis demonstrates the covariation among gradients and provides an empirical approach to mapping multidimensional zones within the lagoon. The project documents the development of an estuarine geographic information system that can be used to analyze and compare estuarine environments and provide data for environmental decision making.     

河南栾川鱼库Mo矿床黄铁矿热电性特征及成矿规律

栾川鱼库钼矿床位于华北克拉通南缘,矿床的形成与燕山期岩浆-矽卡岩热液成矿作用有关,是近年来发现的大型隐伏钼多金属矿床。对鱼库矿区骨干剖面的深部钻孔(>1 000 m)中黄铁矿开展热电性标型特征分析,发现样品中黄铁矿以N型为主,总含量达96%。根据黄铁矿导型及热电性参数变化特征推测出矿体向深部有一定规模的延伸。根据热电性实验数据计算出成矿温度范围在270~332 ℃之间,结合矿床矿石特征判断该矿床属于浅成中温热液成矿。并利用地质统计学知识,运用ArcGIS对计算出来的成矿温度进行克里格插值分析,探讨矿区深部成矿规律。     

新疆阿勒泰地区的洪水特性

受洪水补给来源和阿尔泰山山势影响,阿勒泰地区洪水发生时间比新疆其他以高山永久积雪和冰川融水补给为主的河流偏早。因此,从认识洪水特性、预防洪水灾害角度出发,对阿勒泰地区洪水发生机制、时空分布和变化特点进行分析研究是很有必要的。利用阿勒泰地区各主要河流1960~2011年历年洪峰、冬季和汛期降水、气温和700hPa高空温度资料,对洪水发生机制、时空分布和变化特点进行分析。结果表明:(1)本区洪水类型有融雪型洪水、融雪与降水混合型洪水和暴雨型洪水;(2)洪水与冬季积雪和汛期气温、降雨有关;(3)汛期过程相对短,主汛期发生时间以5月下旬至6月中旬期为主;(4)洪水挟沙能力强,汛期含沙量占年含沙量近90%;(5)暴雨洪水多发生于阿勒泰地区的中东部区域河流上;(6)全区洪水具有同步性,洪水年际变化相对小。     

物探资料在安徽淮北地区煤田预测中的应用

在新生界地层巨厚覆盖区没有钻孔控制的情况下,可利用以往重力、电法等物探资料进行煤田预测。首先根据邻区资料分析区域构造和成矿条件,还原岩相古地理、聚煤期构造及聚煤后构造变动,对预测区的含煤地层进行评价;然后根据已有的电法资料分析曲线类型,与相邻区比较后确定含煤地层电法曲线类型,作定量、半定量分析,并根据重力资料,反演计算出新地层底界与灰岩(寒武—奥陶系)顶界的深度,再结合其它物探资料和邻区相关地质资料,对煤田前景进行预测。     

Velocities of Ultrasonic Waves in Sand Samples Containing Water,Ice, or Methane and Tetrahydrofuran Hydrates (Laboratory Measurements)

We analyze the results of investigations of acoustic properties (velocities of longitudinal and transversal waves) in sand samples containing different amounts of water, ice, and methane or tetrahydrofuran hydrates in the pores using a special laboratory setup.     

多重分形与地质统计学方法在粤北刘家山地区矿化指示中的应用

为了解地球化学元素在岩石等介质中的局部富集和贫化规律,采用多重分形和地质统计学方法来分析其空间自相关性及奇异性,多重分形方法通过多重分形模型来刻画,地质统计学方法通过变异函数来实现。应用这两种方法处理粤北刘家山地区1∶5万水系沉积物地球化学各元素数据表明,地球化学数据的局部奇异性在该区可反映铅锌铜矿化蚀变带等局部成矿有利部位。为进一步研究异常与奇异性区的关系采用分形滤波技术(S-A法)对该区成矿主元素Pb、Zn进行分析,发现由S-A法分解得到的异常区与奇异性区一致,并且得出由S-A法分解的异常具有局部奇异性的结论。研究区内具有明显奇异性的地区也即元素富集区域是铅锌矿异常区域,它们与铅锌矿成矿作用和已知矿床的赋存密切相关, 这也为该地区元素的成矿潜力评价提供了重要的线索。     

大冶大港河水系沉积物中重金属来源分析

大冶铜绿山铜铁矿是长汀中下游重要的金属矿山之一,近年来矿山周边环境问题引起了广泛的关注.测试分析了大港河20件水系沉积物样品中重金属含量、磁化率和粒度等指标,运用平均富集因子和主成分分析方法探讨了沉积物中重金属元素的含量变化特征及元素之间的共生组合规律,评价了重金属的富集程度,并分析了其可能来源,得到以下基本认识:(1...     

西藏白朗县南闪长岩地球化学、同位素年代学特征及其构造意义

通过对西藏白朗县南地区新发现的中性侵入体岩石学、岩石地球化学、同位素年代学特征的研究,认为其属钙碱性岩系列,具轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素亏损的特征,岩石地球化学特征具有板内玄武岩特征,为喜马拉雅被动陆缘伸张-挤压阶段的中基性岩,侵入体形成时代为晚三叠世。以上研究为雅鲁藏布江新特提斯洋早期被动陆缘沉积盆地演化历程提供了岩浆岩方面的新证据。     

Tsunami risk assessment: economic,environmental and social dimensions

Natural Hazards - In this study, we present a novel methodology that may be used to analyze tsunami risk along coastal regions. The application of the proposed methodology is demonstrated for the...     

The Application of Artificial Neural Networks to Landslide Susceptibility Mapping at Janghung, Korea

The purpose of this study was to develop techniques for landslide susceptibility using artificial neural networks and then to apply these to the selected study area at Janghung in Korea. Landslide locations were identified from interpretation of satellite images and field survey data, and a spatial database of the topography, soil, forest, and land use. Thirteen landslide-related factors were extracted from the spatial database. These factors were then used with an artificial neural network to analyze landslide susceptibility. Each factor's weight was determined by the back-propagation training method. Five different training sets were applied to analyze and verify the effect of training. Then the landslide susceptibility indices were calculated using the back-propagation weights, and susceptibility maps were constructed from Geographic Information System (GIS) data for the five cases. Landslide locations were used to verify results of the landslide susceptibility maps and to compare them. The artificial neural network proved to be an effective tool for analyzing landslide susceptibility.     

塔北西部却勒地区古近系底砂岩段薄砂层储层地震预测

通过岩心、测井分析研究储层的岩性和物性,通过分析井点及剖面地震反射波特征来研究薄砂层储层发育处反射波属性;在储层岩性、物性及地震波形属性研究基础上,采用模型正演实验优选储层敏感属性,分析地震属性与薄砂层储层的预测关系;最终通过时间域属性优选、数学统计回归和频率域频谱分解等方法综合分析,建立预测薄砂层储层的经验公式,预测...     

Use of an artificial neural network for analysis of the susceptibility to landslides at Boun,Korea

The purpose of this study was to develop landslide susceptibility analysis techniques using artificial neural networks and to apply the resulting techniques to the study area of Boun in Korea. Landslide locations were identified in the study area from interpretation of aerial photographs and field survey data. A spatial database of the topography, soil type, timber cover, geology, and land cover was constructed and the landslide-related factors were extracted from the spatial database. Using these factors, the susceptibility to landslides was analyzed by artificial neural network methods. The results of the landslide susceptibility maps were compared and verified using known landslide locations at another area, Yongin, in Korea. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to analyze efficiently the vast amount of data and an artificial neural network turned out to be an effective tool to analyze the landslide susceptibility.     

新疆库鲁克塔格地区构造应力场解析

通过对库鲁克塔格地区的构造地质演化分析,将该地区震旦系以来较强构造变形的构造应力场分4个时期：早古生代、晚古生代、中生代和新生代。根据节理、褶皱和岩墙等应力感构造的测量分析,得出库鲁克塔格地区及其周缘的4个时期构造应力场的最大主压应力方向分别为北北东向、北西西-北西向、北东向和北北东-近南北向。基于对新近纪以来库鲁克塔格地区构造应力场的二维有限元模拟,进一步对该地区应力场的分布特征、边界几何形态对应力场的影响等问题进行了讨论与分析。     

南水北调工程北京段PCCP管道施工沿线的地质灾害与防治

重大城市线性工程施工可能会诱发或面临一系列的地质灾害,对其灾害特征、危害及防治方法进行研究具有重要意义.以南水北调工程北京段PCCP管道施工为例,在分析其地质环境背景、地质灾害类型、基本特征、危害性及影响范围的基础上.归纳总结了针对不同类型地质灾害所采用的施工防治措施和方法.重点对施工沿线主要地质灾害如边坡崩塌、特殊地基处理和地面沉降做了深入的探讨.研究成果对PCCP管道后续工程建设和工程运营维护具有一定的现实意义.是对线性工程地质灾害防治进行的有益的探索.     

南水北调工程北京段PCCP管道施工沿线的地质灾害与防治

重大城市线性工程施工可能会诱发或面临一系列的地质灾害,对其灾害特征、危害及防治方法进行研究具有重要意义。以南水北调工程北京段PCCP管道施工为例,在分析其地质环境背景、地质灾害类型、基本特征、危害性及影响范围的基础上,归纳总结了针对不同类型地质灾害所采用的施工防治措施和方法。重点对施工沿线主要地质灾害如边坡崩塌、特殊地基处理和地面沉降做了深入的探讨。研究成果对PCCP管道后续工程建设和工程运营维护具有一定的现实意义,是对线性工程地质灾害防治进行的有益的探索。     

Major Elements in Lake Muhazi,Rwanda,East Africa

Abstract: The aim of this study undertaken at Lake Muhazi in Rwanda was to determine and analyze the major elements present in water. ?The presence of many major elements (Al, As, Ba, C, Ca, Cu, Fe, H+, K, Mg, Mn, N, P, S, Si, and Zn) was determined by spectroscopic technique. The concentrations of the elements were measured in water samples taken from three different locations of the lake from May to August 2008. The lake is polluted by water flow from mountain sides surrounding the lake. Other causes of pollution could be the use of agrochemicals in the sugar land, which surrounds the lake, and human activities near the lake. Finally, we proposed the strategies that can be applied in order to ensure good conservation of the environment and to prevent augmentation of heavy materials into the lake.     

福建莆田城市控制网现状及重新建网

分析莆田市原城市测量控制网存在的问题，探讨重新确定城市坐标系的必要性和新建城市控制网的各类因素。     

青海省都兰县迈龙—色日地区找矿信息分析及靶区圈定

迈龙—色日地区位于东昆仑东段的沟里一带,是近几年新发现的金矿化地段,有较好的成矿潜力。本文通过分析该地区的基础成矿地质特征、地球化学信息特征,借助大比例尺高精度遥感线性构造解译手段,对该地区构造格架进行分析,以瓦勒尕金矿床为典型矿例,剖析迈龙—色日地区的找矿潜力,对区内找矿信息进行总结,圈定找矿潜力地区,并进行野外验证,取得了较好效果,为该区内已发现的部分金银和多金属矿化带的追索及新矿化带的发现和查证提供了一定方向。     

四川省都江堰龙池甘沟泥石流特征及危险性分析

甘沟位于都江堰市龙池乡,5.12地震使沟内增加了大量松散物源。2008年9月甘沟发生泥石流,沟口的个别居民点被摧毁;因沟内物源未被全部带走,沟口的公路及居民点仍受泥石流的威胁。本文采用单沟泥石流危险性评价方法,结合现场勘察,对甘沟泥石流形成条件、类型、发育特点、危险性进行分析,结果显示该沟属于中型、低频、中等易发、沟谷型泥石流,对沟口公路影响大,对紫坪铺库区仅为淤积。