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青藏铁路普通路基下部冻土变化分析 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
高温高含冰量冻土地区,青藏铁路采取了冷却路基、降低多年冻土温度的工程措施.然而青藏铁路仍有大量路段未采用任何工程措施,因此修筑普通路基后冻土变化也是普遍关心的问题.根据青藏铁路普通路基下部土体温度监测的近期结果,分析了季节冻土区、已退化多年冻土区和多年冻土区路基下部冻土变化特征.结果表明,不同区域修筑普通路基,其下部土体温度、最大季节冻结深度、多年冻土上限等存在较大的差异.在季节冻土和已退化多年冻土区,右路肩下部(阴坡)已形成冻土隔年层;在多年冻土强烈退化区,其路基下部形成融化夹层;在高温多年冻土区,其路基下部上限存在抬升和下降,上限附近土体温度有升高的趋势.在低温多年冻土区,其路基下部上限全部抬升,上限附近土体存在"冷量"积累,有利于路基下部多年冻土热稳定性.因此,低温多年冻土区修筑普通路基后,冻土变化基本是向着有利于路基稳定性的方向发展,在其它地段修筑普通路基,冻土变化是向着不利于路基稳定性的方向发展的.特别是阴阳坡太阳辐射差异,导致了土体热状态和多年冻土上限形态产生较大的差异,这种差异将会对路基稳定性产生一定的影响. 相似文献
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土石坝抗震安全的设计一般立足于预防结构的倒塌,如何使土石坝结构地震破损控制在可接受的风险水平是一个值得研究的重要课题。应用地震风险分析理论,建立了土石坝地震风险分析方法,包括地震危险性分析、地震易损性分析和地震灾害损失评估3个方面。在场地地震危险性分析基础上,将基于性能的抗震设计思想应用于土石坝结构地震易损性分析中,以土石坝坝顶相对沉陷为评价指标,划分土石坝震损等级,最后结合地震经济损失分析,建立了土石坝地震风险计算模型,在技术和经济上对土石坝地震破损风险进行分析计算。以某高土石坝为例,用该模型对大坝的震害和经济损失进行了预测分析,其结论可为土石坝安全评价及投资决策等提供依据。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地北部广泛沉积延安组,随着铀矿勘查工作的不断深入,延安组已成为研究区重要的产铀层位。通过对野外露头及钻孔岩心的系统研究,运用层序地层学与沉积学原理,建立延安组分层标志,分析其沉积体系特征,并结合砂体、氧化带发育特征,分析评价延安组铀成矿潜力。结果表明,延安组的重要标志层是延安组含煤岩系及其内部的主要煤层,据此将延安组自下而上划分为Ⅰ~Ⅴ岩段(J2y1~J2y5)5个成因地层单元;Ⅰ岩段和Ⅱ岩段下段为曲流河沉积体系,Ⅱ岩段上段到Ⅴ岩段沉积环境演变为曲流河三角洲相;延安组Ⅰ岩段发育有利铀成矿的铀储层和氧化带,同时发现较好的铀矿化线索,成矿潜力巨大。 相似文献
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通过对内蒙古阿拉善右旗雅干地区好比如、杭乌拉剖面二叠系埋汗哈达组硅质岩岩石学特征、主量元素、稀土元素地球化学研究,探讨了硅质岩的成因及其沉积环境。地球化学测试结果显示:好比如剖面硅质岩SiO2质量分数为89.83%~94.16%,平均值为92.01%,Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值为0.49~0.65,平均值为0.56,δCe值为0.87~0.92,平均值为0.89;杭乌拉剖面硅质岩SiO2质量分数为75.93%~90.14%,平均值为86.70%,Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值为0.68~0.78,平均值为0.73,δCe值为0.89~0.94,平均值为0.90;在Al-Fe-Mn三角图上,样品全部落入生物成因硅质岩区,指示研究区硅质岩为海水生物沉积成因。好比如剖面硅质岩Al2O3/(Al2O3+Fe2O3)值为0.59~0.78,平均值为0.71,MnO/TiO2值为0.17~0.88,平均值为0.41,(La/Ce)N值为1.07~1.25,平均值为1.16,Ceanom值为-0.059~-0.026,平均值为-0.043;杭乌拉剖面硅质岩Al2O3/(Al2O3+Fe2O3)值为0.78~0.86,平均值为0.83,MnO/TiO2值为0.04~0.40,平均值为0.16,(La/Ce)N值为1.02~1.15,平均值为1.10,Ceanom值为-0.041~-0.001,平均值为-0.029;在硅质岩沉积环境判别图上,样品落在大陆边缘型硅质岩区域内,指示研究区硅质岩沉积于大陆边缘缺氧的水体环境。综合分析认为研究区早二叠世为大陆边缘滨海-浅海相沉积环境。 相似文献
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Nature based tourism (NBT) as an effective instrument for sustainable use of biodiversity is an interesting issue to be studied in order to evaluate response the of international community to the interaction between developmental and environmental pillars of sustainable development. Various international endeavours have been carried out with considerable outcomes to address NBT in different forms and manifestations. As a result, the international community has attained many successful achievements and valuable experiences. There is an urgent need for an internationally accepted instrument to address the existing gaps and overlaps appropriately. Such an instrument should respond to lake of adequate environmental and developmental rules and regulations at international scale. Careful study of major international environmental and developmental achievements related to NBT could provide the international community with an appropriate legal framework to address such an environmentally fragile, economically viable, and a culturally sensitive issue. 相似文献
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We classified five new ordinary chondrites from North West Africa. NWA 3010 is an L6(S5), NWA 3011 is an L5(S5), NWA 3012 is an LL4(S5), NWA 3013 is an L5(S5), and NWA 3014 is an H4(S1). The meteorites experienced a range of terrestrial alteration, with NWA 3010 equal to weathering grade W2, NWA 3011 equal to W3, NWA 3012 equal to W3, NWA 3013 equal to W2, and NWA 3014 equal to W4. 相似文献
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采自阴山东段先寒武变质岩的全岩样品给出四个等时线年龄。下部集宁群为2497±124Ma;上部乌拉山群为2367±127Ma;上部二道洼群给出两个年龄:2067±39Ma和325±16Ma。据此认为,2.5Ga前发生了麻粒岩化;2.35Ga前发生混合岩化;2.0Ga和0.33Ga前有变质事件叠加。 相似文献
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论述了地质制图最佳视觉效应;提出了盆地分析工作中超常规图件编制的实例;对客观地质体的几何形态在信息反馈上给予全方位,多层次的揭露,打存以往传统式常规的单一编图模式。 相似文献
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Acta Geotechnica - This paper presents an exact, analytical solution to the boundary value problem of the anti-plane (SH) waves scattering by an isosceles triangle hill on an elastic half-space by... 相似文献
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四川盆地深层海相碳酸盐岩气藏成藏模式 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
四川盆地深层碳酸盐岩气藏主要指中三叠统雷口坡组及更老层位海相碳酸盐岩为储层形成的气藏,一般(曾)埋深在4500m之下,按类型可分为原生气藏(生气中心、储气中心和保气中心位于同一层位内)和次生气藏(生气中心、储气中心与保气中心位于不同层位)2类。原生气藏储层内含有大量沥青, 天然气主要为原油裂解气。次生气藏储层内不含沥青, 但天然气仍然主要为原油裂解气。原生气藏的成藏模式有三中心叠合模式、储气中心解体模式、三中心短距离移位模式和缺乏保气中心模式。次生气藏的成藏模式主要以天然气跨层运移为主要特征, 其气源来自于先存的天然气藏。三中心叠合模式的原油裂解气成藏效率最高,储气中心解体模式的原油裂解气成藏效率中等,三中心短距离移位模式和次生气藏形成模式的原油裂解气成藏效率较低,保气中心缺乏模式的原油裂解气成藏效率为零。因此,在勘探策略上应重视三中心叠合和储气中心解体模式形成的原生气藏的勘探,同时应关注由震旦系灯影组古气藏(储气中心)破坏而形成的下古生界次生气藏。 相似文献
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浙东南中生代晚期火山岩Nd同位素组成及其他地层学意义 总被引:21,自引:3,他引:21
浙江东南部中生代晚期火山地层可划分为三个火山旋回,通过对不同层位火岩岩Nd同位素组成的研究,得出结果:第一至第三旋回火山岩(自下而上)εNd(t)值依次为-14.1-6.2,平均-9.9;-7.7--6.4,平均-7.0及-7.5-+0.1,平均-4.6。t2DM值依次为1.6-1.8Ga,平均1.7Ga;1.4-1.6Ga,平均1.5Ga及0.9-1.5Ga。由此可见,在不同的火山旋回之间具有明显的Nd同位素组成特征差异,它反映了该区中生代晚期火山活动随时间的推移,在构造环境和岩浆来源上所发生的有序变化,从而,Nd同位素示踪信息也就有可能作为火山地层划分和对比的重要依据之一。 相似文献
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矿井地质灾害严重威胁人民生命财产安全,深入认识成灾机理与相关要素,准确辨识地质灾源体并评价其致灾危险度,是煤矿防灾减灾保障安全开采不可或缺的基础性工作。本文通过分析矿井地质灾害典型案例,认为矿井地质灾源体是在煤矿采掘过程中具有发生矿井地质灾害潜在危险的地质体,包括煤层及其围岩以及存在其中的地下水与瓦斯等,具有地源性、隐蔽性、触发性、可控性等主要特征;矿井地质灾源体是矿井地质灾害的内因,煤矿采掘活动是触发矿井地质灾害的外因,地质影响因素和人为影响因素可能提高或降低矿井地质灾害的危险程度;并提出了辩识地质灾源体和评价其致灾危险度的具体方法。 相似文献
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《Computers and Geotechnics》1986,2(3):167-184
An effective modification for a thin-layered element, originally proposed by Waas, for the far field is presented so as to account for the soil-structure interaction of an axisymmetric structure on soil layers subjected to an incident earthquake motion. The modified model has dashpots at an interface, namely the bedrock, between a soil layer and an underlying infinite far field. The model can treat the problem of radiation of waves into a downward far field, as well as a horizontal far field. Based on the present formulation, a disk on an elastic half space subjected to a vertically oscillating force is solved and the result shows a fairly good agreement with a theoretical solution. A further practical application to the earthquake response of a heavy tower shell shows the effectiveness of the present method for problems of structures on horizontal soil layers subjected to an incident earthquake motion travelling vertically. The results reveal large differences in the response of the tower between the original Waas formulation and the present one. 相似文献
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In Korea, a reference disposal system, KRS, was proposed in 2006 after 10 years of research and development. In the KRS, the high-level radioactive waste repository is considered to be located in a crystalline rock likes granite. For a validation of the feasibility, safety, and stability of the KRS, an underground research tunnel, KURT was constructed in Nov. 2006. During the construction of KURT by a controlled blasting, the size and characteristics of an excavation damaged zone(EDZ) were investigated by in situ as well as laboratory tests. The possible influences of an EDZ around a tunnel on the thermal, hydraulic and mechanical behaviors of the near field were investigated by using hydro-mechanical and thermo-mechanical coupling analyses. From this study, it was found that the existence of an EDZ can influence the thermal, hydraulic, and mechanical behaviors of the near field and it was recommended that an EDZ should be considered as an important parameter during the design of underground repositories. 相似文献