四川盆地古近纪沙漠沉积特征及古风向意义

基于前人研究成果,通过野外地质调查、室内分析测试对四川盆地古近系柳嘉组红层沉积物的性质、结构、原生沉积构造及石英颗粒表面结构进行了系统分析,分析结果进一步证明了本区古沙漠的存在.将其沙漠沉积分为沙丘和丘间两种沉积类型,对丘间又细分为干丘间和湿丘间,针对不同的沉积类型也明确了相应的识别标志.通过对沙丘前积层倾向的测量,重...     

A Study of the Groundwater Reservoirs and Regulation in the Alluvial Fan of the Hutuo River

Based on analysis of the geology and hydrogeology of the alluvial fan of the Hutuo River, Hebei province of China, this paper studies the groundwater reservoir’s regulated space, storage capacity and regulated water in system. On this basis, a groundwater numerical simulation model was established. Using this model and taking into account specific regulating schemes, this paper evaluates the regulation and storage capacity of groundwater reservoirs and the effect of conjunct-tive operation of surface water and groundwater. Results show that the funnel area of the study area status storage space is 12.83×108m3. Groundwater level after the regulation has clearly rebounded; improving groundwater supply and ensuring stable water supply in Shijiazhuang city of Hebei province, this clearly has important practical significance.     

月球雨海北部陆地区域构造及其含义

月球雨海北部陆地是雨海多环盆地的第二层,平均高程约-1 km。DEM图像显示,大量来自虹湾与柏拉图月坑的掘积物使本地区高程变得非常不均一。统计了研究区内的月坑,并根据其深度与宽度之比(深宽比)将它们划分为4组。深宽比较小而扁率较大的月坑被认为是较古老的月坑。这些古老月坑分布于比较接近月海的位置。对研究区内线性构造的制图研究揭示了3个优选方位,分别是E—W、NEE—SWW和NW—SE向。这种分布样式与月球格子构造系统大致匹配,因而它们很可能形成于雨海事件之前。这些线性构造,包括断裂与月溪,在月海玄武岩泛滥时期为玄武质岩浆的侵入提供了大量通道。在研究区内一些地形较低的地点,玄武岩上侵并出露在月表,它们的FeO平均含量接近但是略低于月海玄武岩。总结了本地区的地质构造演化历史,并且推论月球上的确存在类月海的陆地。     

晚更新世以来渤海南部海域断裂活动性

渤海在新生代经历2次强烈的沉降阶段,海域内各断裂活动对渤海盆地的演化发育产生重要影响.以渤海40°N以南海域单道地震资料为基础,对研究区内断裂活动性进行研究,结果表明:晚更新世(128 ka BP)以来,研究区内断裂活动性很强,以郯庐断裂渤海段最强,其平均垂向活动率大于0.05 mm/a;此期间渤海经历2个构造活跃期,...     

Stochastic methods for safety assessment of the flood defense system in the Scheldt Estuary of the Netherlands

In this study, we address the effective method to apply a novel reliability method integrated with finite element models to the safety assessment of pilot site Scheldt in the Netherlands. This site was considered as one of the three main pilot sites in Europe to assess the application of newly suggested techniques in order to reduce and manage the flood risk in the Floodsite project. , 2004–2009). The novel method of dynamic bounds (DB) is applied to this site after a successful experience in (Rajabalinejad in Reliability methods for finite element models, 1 edn. IOS Press, Amsterdam, 2009). In this study, the bi-functional response of the finite element model is considered, and the dimensional uncertainty is defined presenting the expected uncertainty for a certain dimension in the DB method. The uncertainty is used as a judgment tool to choose the dimension for the DB method for the desired accuracy. The results obtained by applying this technique are presented in this paper.     

臭牛沟组命名剖面(竹蜓)类的发现

<正> 臭牛沟组的命名剖面地点,位于甘肃武威西南35km的臭牛沟河北岸,现属甘肃天祝藏族自治县祁连乡管辖。据袁复礼研究,臭牛沟组不整合于早古生代南山系变质岩之上,其上为上石炭统假整合覆盖。袁氏将臭牛沟组粗略划分为四层,由下而上为,1.石英岩和砂岩(50m),2.砂岩和页岩,底部页岩产植物化石(12m),3.砂岩和页岩,未获化石(5m),4.灰岩和页岩,富含化石(68m)。袁氏在层4中采集的大批海相动物化石,经赵     

Vegetation landscape and the anthropization of the environment in the central sector of the Northern Iberian Peninsula: Current status

In this article, we analyse the status of the Holocene environmental evolution of the central sector of the Northern Iberian Peninsula (West Pyrenees, East Cantabrian Mountains and the Upper Ebro Valley) based on its paleobotanical record. The geographical characteristics of this territory make for an interestingly diverse landscape, which ranges from Alpine to Mediterranean. Currently we have a sampling grid and pollen analysis of remarkable density, although the available information on environmental evolution during the second half of the Holocene is not uniform in either geographical or chronological distribution. In spite of this, we already have a deep perception of the evolution of the landscape and the anthropization process that affected it, both qualitatively and quantitatively; obtained both from archaeological deposits and other non-human origins.     

平潭岛外-乌丘屿段滨海断裂活动性分析

滨海断裂位于福建沿海与台湾海峡盆地之间,呈带状分布。研究认为该断裂带为-深大断裂带,地震活动频繁,对其两侧的地质构造起着一定的控制作用。通过对平潭岛外-乌丘屿段高分辨多道地震的解释,发现该区海域不但断裂比较发育,而且活动时代较新,见有数个断点断过晚更新世地层。本文结合该区域内浅地层剖面与地质测年,综合分析断裂的活动时代,认为平潭岛外滨海断裂至少在晚更新世晚期仍处于频繁活动之中,甚至最新活动时代可能为全新世。     

Geophysical study of the mafic belts along the margins of the japanese islands

Along the margins of the Japanese Islands there are large belts of mafic rocks that are now deeply buried. The origin of the belts is unknown: they could be either remnants of oceanic crust now trapped within the continental area, or they could be igneous bodies of continental origin. In this paper a discussion of this problem is given and new results presented.     

Determination of the composition and the origin of the ochre brown patina on the monumental Bab Agnaou gate (Marrakech,Morocco)

Like the majority of the Mediterranean monuments, the monumental Bab Agnaou gate is covered by a patina having an ochre brown hue. The petrological and mineralogical studies of this patina using optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and electronic scan microscopy made it possible to determine its nature. It is about an artificial patina containing lime and clays, its colour is attributed to earth pigment. The experimental result and some rare historical documents made it possible to specify that the application of this patina goes back to the 1930s during the restoration work carried out at this time.     

利用定量矿物再造法恢复阜平群的原岩性质 介绍一种原岩恢复的新方法

恢复变质岩石的原岩性质,是在变质岩地区从事地质填图、矿产普查和勘探工作时所面临的重要而又困难的工作。目前人们利用野外地质产状、变余结构构造、岩石化学、地球化学、同位素地质学,副矿物等多种方法和手段来探讨这一问题,其中的一些方法已被广泛利用,有些方法在国内已有介绍。本文以阜平群为例介绍苏联学都鲁金科(B.     

Environmental impact of the abandoned coal mines on the surface water and the groundwater quality in the south of Bochum,Germany

Surface water and groundwater samples were collected from 20 locations, situated in the vicinity of the abandoned coal mine fields south of Bochum. The main objective of this research is to assess the environmental impacts of these mines on the surface water and groundwater quality as well as to determine the factors controlling these impacts. The water samples were collected from stream sources, groundwater, surface water and engineered channels during April 2011. Physicochemical parameters were measured during fieldwork. Water samples were analysed for major ions and aluminium, iron, manganese, ferrous iron, zinc and hydrogen sulphide. The hydrochemistry of the surface water and the groundwater of this area is characterized by near-neutral to alkaline conditions, represented by predominance of calcium bicarbonate and sometimes calcium sulphate water types. Hence, the surface water and the groundwater quality in this region is significantly affected by abandoned coal mines. These effects resulted from oxidation of iron disulphide minerals that release iron, sulphate and hydrogen. The presence of carbonate-rich materials, which contained within the landfilling materials, has led the releasing of calcium, magnesium and bicarbonate. These materials could be the main source responsible for raising the alkalinity of the affected water. The environmental hazard of the abandoned coal mines in this area is related to the high concentration of Fe especially in the groundwater that possess the highest Fe concentration compared to other water sources: the Fe is 18 times larger than the allowed value in drinking water. Significant spatial variations of the water pollution were noted in this study. For this reason, the environmental hazards of the abandoned coal mines in Germany should be considered at closure of coal mines in the near future. Otherwise, these mines will be sources of environmental threats unless all necessary measures are taken to reduce their impact.     

皖南晚震旦世硅质岩的成因研究

研究区位于华南下扬子区构造活动带,地层剖面中有火山英安岩,硅质岩中含火山碎屑,它们的存在表明本区在晚震旦世曾发生火山活动并影响沉积物成份。元素分析显示本区硅质岩化学组成与火山成因硅质岩相似,高的Ｂａ含量,具与壳型花岗岩相似的稀土元素分布模式,指示本区硅质岩的硅源可能来自海底火山喷发。文章同时还讨论了硅质的搬运和沉积作用。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

月球佩塔维厄斯幅(LQ-21)数字地质填图与区域地质演化特征

佩塔维厄斯幅月球地质图(LQ-21)位于近月面与远月面交接位置,又处于月海和月陆的过渡区,周边邻近酒海、丰富海、史密斯海等大型撞击盆地,是月球数字地质填图工作中的一个典型区域。研究该地区的地质发育概况有助于了解月球的发展演化历史。本文利用中国探月工程所获得的“嫦娥一号”(CE-1)CCD影像数据、干涉成像光谱仪(IIM)数据、激光高度计(LAM)数据和“嫦娥二号”(CE-2)CCD影像数据以及其他已有的月球地质资料,应用ArcGIS平台,开展月表物质成分、构造要素、地质时代信息的研究和数字填图工作,编制了1: 2 500 000佩塔维厄斯幅(LQ-21)数字月球地质图,总结了该地区区域地质演化历史并建立地质图空间数据库。     

四川盆地前白垩系岩石物理性质的研究

<正> 作者通过对四川盆地及其附近地区自前震旦系至侏罗系各地层岩石的密度、纵波速度、横波速度、孔隙度、磁化率、剩余磁化强度和电阻率的测定,研究本区各地质时代地层岩石的物性参数分布特征,初步探讨影响这些物性参数变化的主要因素,为本区进一步寻找和勘探石油、天然气以及区域地质的研究,提供基础资料。     

台兰河山前地下储水构造及地下水库可行性研究

根据台兰河流域冲洪积扇地形地貌特征、储水构造以及水资源特点,讨论了建设地下水库的可行性,并以正在试验的台兰河地下水库示范工程为例,分析了"横坎尔井"式地下水库的特点是库容大、自压滴灌、节约能源、"引渗回补"具有强大调蓄功能进行可行性研究,为干旱区水资源的合理开发利用提供新的思路。     

澜沧江结合带中二叠世达弄岩片的发现及特征

达弄岩片出露于藏东类乌齐县达弄沟及其附近地区,经采样分析测得糜棱岩化绿泥片岩的SIMS锆石U-Pb年龄为272.8±2.4 Ma,表明这套岩石形成于中二叠世。岩石SiO2含量从48.12%到76.93%,它们的原岩可能为基性-中性-酸性的火山岩,岩石系列主体属于高钾钙碱性系列岩石,地球化学分析数据表明在中二叠世,澜沧江...     

New evidence of the nonglaciated development of the northern part of the Western Siberian lowland in the Quaternary period

To solve the controversially debated problem related to the areal extent of the ice sheet in Western Siberia in the Quaternary period, we have studied the development of cold born objects of this area estimating the relationships between them in terms of cryogenic diversity. We have obtained a field of new cross data related to the development of cryogenic and glacial phenomena, their relationship, and traces they left. The research showed that, in this area, the trend of rock freezing is clearly reflected in the Quaternary formations, but there were no conditions for ice sheet development even during the cryochrons.