Forms and sources of place attachment: Evidence from two protected areas

Sense of place is a widely researched concept that has been used to describe and analyze people–place relationships. However, there is no consensus regarding the forms of place attachment, the relative importance of the sources for such attachments, or the spatial extent of place formation. The purpose of the paper is to contribute case examples of sense of place for significant natural areas, thereby adding to the body of evidence that explicates the diverse sources and forms of place attachment. Using content analysis of qualitative stakeholder interviews, we identify these dimensions of place attachment for two nationally significant Australian natural areas. Our data support a tripartite structure for sense of place comprising affective, functional and cognitive forms of attachment. We also examine the extent to which these place attachments are localized on the study sites and/or spatially generalized across sites possessing the same sources of place formation. Our case studies provide evidence for both localized and generalized senses of place. Localized place attachments had affective and functional components, respectively founded on social and biophysical sources. Generalized senses of place comprised functional and cognitive components, with appreciation of historical values of these places key to the formation of the latter. Our results indicate the spatial diversity of place attachments for protected areas and their social, cultural and biophysical sources.     

Representing the imagined city: Place and the politics of difference during Guangzhou’s 2010 language conflict

In this article we investigate local citizens’ place politics and discourses of place identity during the 2010 language conflict in Guangzhou, China. Drawing on geographical scholarship on the relational construction of place and the progressive politics of difference, we conceptualize place as an assemblage of trans-local connections and disparate trajectories which constitute the radical hybridity of any particular place. In concretizing a relational rethinking of place into a local politics of difference, we suggest that Doreen Massey’s thesis of a global sense of place provides an important epistemological basis for destabilizing the normative local/non-local boundary in order to realize a relational constitution of place-based cultural identity and subjectivity. Based on a social and political campaign against state-led hegemonic language standardization, the 2010 language conflict in Guangzhou is a socially and culturally constructed process in which the Guangzhou locals’ imagination and representation of place and identity are reproduced within a local geometry of social relations involving the state language policy, the local community and the city’s migrant population. Both exclusionary and progressive discourses of place identities have been articulated in this process of re-negotiation and re-imagination of place-based identities. This paper acknowledges that some place-bounded politics may demonstrate a counter-hegemonic dimension and are therefore not inherently regressive. But we also contend that any place politics needs to ask which elements are to be welcomed and which can be excluded in a fluid regime of politics within specific networks of social relations. The cultural boundary of insiders/outsiders must be constantly re-negotiated and rendered relational with the attentiveness to ethical responsibility towards otherness.     

北京粉尘沉降物的物理化学特征及其物源初探

对北京上空不同高度不同时间段采集的粉尘样品的物理化学特征进行了研究。认为不同的风动力作用导致北京上空粉尘不同来源的物质高度混合,且高度越高远源物质越多,高度越低近源物质越多。由于物质来源不同,粉尘的物理化学特征呈现出不同的特点。通过研究发现,Si/Al比值能近似地反映粉尘在空中的分布特征,可以作为粉尘扬起高度的间接指标。     

龙里高山草原形成机理与旅游资源初评

龙里高山草原是一个待开发的风景旅游区,它由海拔1578～ 1674m的山巅坪台及深切到海拔1100m左右的岩溶峡谷组合而成,包括无边无际的平坦草原、险而奇的岩溶森林峡谷,及残丘、岩溶洼地、峰林等多种类型的地貌。草原坪台上覆盖着草甸,岩溶峡谷内长满竹林及阔叶混合林,是开展多种旅游项目不可多得的绿色旅游资源。该景区的形成与特殊的地质地貌演化历史有关,即新构造运动使得区内地壳不断抬升,分布在平缓的箱状背斜轴部的石炭系石灰岩上的石英砂岩,由于其抗风化能力强,而残留在一级剥夷面上成为山巅坪台,即方山地貌。该旅游区具有“奇、新、特”及距贵阳近的得天独厚的旅游优势。      

水上钻孔灌注桩施工工艺

水上钻孔灌注桩施工应根据水底地质地貌情况，解决好护筒的选型、止漏、埋设、吊拔以及水中桩身的保护。     

Identifying ‘place’ in place branding: core and periphery in Brisbane’s “New World City”

Brisbane is Australia’s third largest city, and capital of the state of Queensland. It has a sprawling urban footprint and impending connections to neighbouring metropolises, said to create a ‘200 km city’. The governing body of Brisbane controls the largest municipality in Australia, with unrivalled opportunity to influence both urban planning and marketing for the CBD and suburbs. Brisbane is home to over one million people, and its population has grown rapidly over the past decades, doubling in the past 40 years. Brisbane represents the quintessential city with an emerging quest for urbanity, both in brand and physical form. The relationships between the city’s urban planning and its branding is not well examined, despite clear entanglement between these two strategies. We use a case-study analysis of both Brisbane City (which is glossed as the Central Business District) and an outer-suburban area, Inala, to interrogate how urban identities and brand are being constructed in relation to their social settings and governance, with particular reference to the importance of city branding and its relationship to planning strategies. The manifestation of branding and relationship to place qualities at the core and on the periphery of Brisbane are examined, with relevance for other rapidly growing, ambitious cities. The focus of Brisbane’s push for urbanity is on the city centre, and is not representative of the typical suburban condition, nor of many cities dominated by suburban forms. An analysis of place brand, planning strategies and resident’s responses to place, from planning, architectural and anthropological perspectives are offered, as an alternative reading of place brand from the marketing dominated approach usually favoured in branding analysis. We make recommendations to incorporate a more complete version of place in the construction of a “genuine” urbanity. We argue that the recognition of resident-centred place identity in place branding will produce more socially sustainable places, as well as more authentic city brands.     

322矿田铀矿床原地破碎浸出地质技术评估

本文从原地破碎浸出法采矿要求出发，对322铀矿田碎裂蚀变花岗岩型铀矿床（点）的地质构造、岩／矿石物质成分、矿石结构、铀的赋存形式、岩／矿石物理力学参数、矿体形态、产状、规模及矿床水文地质条件进行了研究；通过原地爆破筑堆试验及一系列铀矿的柱浸工艺试验，获得了大量原地破碎浸出参数；运用原地破碎浸出法适用性评价模型对其进行了评价，认为该矿田碎裂蚀变花岗岩型铀矿床适宜采用原地破碎浸出法开采。     

Sheinkin as a place in the globalizing city of Tel Aviv

Sheinkin is an example of a place constituted by global forces. Yet Sheinkin creatively responds to scalar jumps of global forces, drawing from the capitals of the global system like Soho and Greenwich village. These models are embedded in the Israeli reality with Sheinkin becoming an incubator of post-Zionist identity. Young people from all over Israel concentrate in the place on Fridays to participate in choreography of strolling along the street with its’ designers’ shops, mingling with celebrities and others who belong to the cult and around the ‘Hyde Park’ corner in which environmental, spiritual and other worldviews are promoted. The article suggests a model to investigate such places as the organic integration of a community whose participants do not live in the place but pilgrimage to the place, a landscape that appraises creativity, originality and individualism, a choreography of strollers who search for stimulations and a set of norms and values promote in the place.     

青海省春小麦干旱灾害风险评估与区划

基于青海省1961-2010年47个气象站和8个农气代表站气象资料、 干旱灾情资料的收集和整理, 分析了春小麦生育期土壤相对湿度与降水距平百分率的关系, 确定了青海省春小麦不同生育期干旱风险评估的实际阈值, 并对青海省春小麦不同生育期干旱进行风险区划.结果表明: 在青海省春小麦营养期, 轻旱易发生在祁连山地区、 青海湖地区西南部及东部农业区的少数地区, 轻旱的频率大都在15%以上; 中旱易发生在柴达木地区大部及东部农业区大部, 频率大都在10%以上; 重旱和特旱出现频率均在柴达木盆地西部较高, 频率分别为10.7%、 34%以上.生殖期的轻旱易发生在祁连山地区, 频率在15.3%~23.3%之间; 中旱易发生在青海湖地区南部及东部农业区少数地区, 频率大都在4.0%~5.7%之间; 重旱频率从东南部到西北呈现带状递减趋势, 频率最高的主要发生在东部农业区, 出现频率为8.3%~9.6%; 特旱易发生在柴达木盆地地区, 出现频率为27%~44.3%之间.产量形成期的轻旱、 中旱、 重旱均易发生在东部农业区, 频率分别为2.3%~3.3%、 8.7%~13.3%、 6.0%~9.0%之间, 特旱易发生在柴达木地区, 出现频率为43.3%~51.3%之间.     

Putting accessibility in place: A relational reading of accessibility in policies for transit-oriented development

In order to facilitate sustainable development, a shift from mobility-based to accessibility-based planning has been suggested. However, if we rely on the modern conceptualisation of accessibility, such a shift would have limited results. As an alternative, this paper proposes a relational reading of accessibility, which questions the divide between mobility and place upon which the modern definition is based. It argues that the accessibility of a place is characterised by a specific coordination of presences and absences that depends as much on boundaries and exclusions as on mobility. If accessibility changes, so does the place. This interpretation makes accessibility a matter of priorities and provides a critical perspective on arguments for time–space compressions and progress. This is illustrated here using the example of a regional strategy for transit-oriented development in Sweden (Region Scania). For that case, the discourse on accessibility revealed simplified arguments for densification, progress and metropolitan ideals, contradicting the initial inclusive intentions of the strategy. Thus, there is a need to put accessibility in place so that a shift to accessibility-based planning facilitates a move towards social and environmental sustainability.     

桑掌沟煤矿采空区工程地质综合勘察及对公路路基影响的初步评价

通过对桑掌沟村办煤矿采空区进行的地质采矿调查、地球物理探测和钻探等勘察工作，查明了该矿采空区的地质与工程地质特征、采空区的分布范围及塌陷冒落特征等，依据这些综合勘察结果，认为路基下伏的采空区将会使地表继续变形，影响高速公路路基路面的正常使用和维修。建议在路面基底层下部加铺一层土工织物或用稀少注浆孔内注浆来加固地基，如能充填采空区则可彻底解决地表变形问题。     

北京猿人的环境与文化

周口店第1地点是北京猿人的产地,他们在那里经历了3次冰川旋回或3个冰川年。北京猿人的文化可分为早、中、晚3个时期,它们恰好与3个冰川年完全吻合。晚新生代的几次生物进化事件总是发生在寒冷期的末尾或温暖期的开始。北京猿人石器制作技术水平的两次飞跃也都发生在寒冷期的末尾或温暖期的开始。如果把冰川旋回或冰川年也划分为春、夏、秋、冬的话,那么石器制作技术水平的飞跃和生物进化事件都是发生在冰川年的春季的。     

东营凹陷乐安油田不整合与油气成藏

本文研究了与乐安油田油气形成有关的第三系与前第三系不整合、第三系内部古近系与新近系之间的不整合的特征,分析了不整合与油气成藏的关系：不整合改善了油气的储集空间,不整合面是油气侧向运移的良好通道,不整合面为油气聚集提供了有利场所。指出在乐安地区第三系与前第三系不整合面上部是泥岩,下面是灰岩的地方寻找潜山油藏和地层超覆油藏。在乐安地区第三系内部古近系与新近系之间的不整合面上下地层接触关系是截超关系,岩性是上泥下砂的地方寻找地层不整合遮挡油藏。指出了有利勘探方向。     

山东胶南隆起区全新世的下限与地层划分

胶南隆起区位于山东境内的郑庐断裂带以东, 胶莱凹陷以南。属低山丘陵区, 以丘陵为主。超过500m的山峰有11座, 构成隆起区内向北西弯曲的呈北东一南西走向的最主要的分水岭。其分水岭北侧属潍河流域。西侧和南侧属沐河流域。东南侧滨海地区发育了一系列北西向河流, 属白马河、吉利流、潮河、付瞳河、绣针河等流域。     

The context of Beijing's commercial network —an empirical study on the central place model

The objective of this article is to expound the evolution of Beijing's commercial distribution and put the basic facts on the central place model in order to review the past, look upon the present, and predict the future. In terms of the central place theory, the spatial structures and deformations of Beijing's commercial activities are fully discussed, the inherent mechanism on the locational shifts of centers is revealed, and a centripetal zoning concerned with metropolitan commercial system is put forward. Having analyzed the factors of trade and transportation allocation and utilized both qualitative and quantitative methods, the author works out a long-term central place scheme for Beijing's commercial network with a supercenter, Xidan, and other centers of different ranks.Many thanks to Mr. Yang Qi, Ms. Zhou Yu and Ms. Li Xiangming whose map-making, calculating and typing add luster to this article.     

层序地层学在油田开发中的应用实践

总结了依据地层基准面原理进行开发调整阶段储层精细对比和油藏精细描述的方法。以湖泛面为层序界面,在濮城油田沙三中6-10油藏内识别出超短期、短期、中期和长期四级界面和基准面旋回,短期旋回是油藏细分开发调整的最小单元。短期基准面上升期,形成向上物性变差、高渗段位于砂层下部的层内非均质模式,而短期基准面下降期,形成向上物性变好、高渗段位于中上部的层内非均质模式。中长期基准面较低部位沟道较为发育,砂体厚度大、分布广、物性较好,而在中长期基准面较高部位沟道不发育,砂体厚度薄、面积小、储层物性较差。中长期基准面上升旋回内形成向上物性变差的层间非均质格局,而在中长期下降期则形成向上物性变好的非均质性格局。在水下扇前缘区,近湖心剖面砂体中的沟道成份较小,砂体连通性、连续性及物性较差,而向岸方向储层相对较连续,物性较好。基准面低位处的砂体油气储量和储量丰度均较高,而基准面高位处砂体油气储量和丰度较低。基准面低位处砂体物性较好,较易动用,采出油气数量和采出程度较高,但由于其本身的储量较大,剩余油仍占据着主要的地位。基准面高位处砂体物性较差,储量较难动用,采出油量和采出程度均较小,但受其本身储量的限制,剩余油量在剩余可采储量中的比例较小。     

Recharge and salination processes in the carbonate aquifers in Israel

Limestone and dolostone aquifers play a major role in the water supply system of Israel. In many cases, there are brackish to saline springs at their outlets. The source of the saline water and the mechanism of salinization differ from place to place. In some cases, it is due to mixing with seawater (Mediterranean or Dead Sea) at the fresh-saline water interface, while in other cases deepseated brines emerge along regional faults. The general policy for reclaiming the fresh component of the water before mixing with the saline component is to try to catch the fresh water as far as possible upstream from the outlet. In most cases, this is the area where the mixing takes place. The main case histories in Israel are discussed in this paper.     

吉林省白城市地下水污染现状和治理对策

研究区隔污层为厚1m的亚砂土,隔污性能差,污水、垃圾无固定放置场所,且以明渠排放。根据污染程度确定了轻度污染区2600km2、中度污染区510km2、重度污染区663km2,提出了建立暗管排污系统的治理对策。     

Women’s use of public space and sense of place in the Raval (Barcelona)

This article deals with women's use of public space and sense of place in El Raval, a neighbourhood located in the historical center of Barcelona. Attention will be paid to discover to what degree the existence of a quality public space fosters the creation of socially meaningful places, thus contributing to the construction of womens sense of place and urban identities. A qualitative approach, based on direct observation and in-depth interviews with women living in the neighbourhood, has allowed us to capture the main aspects of the building of a sense of place and belonging, that is the use of public space and facilities, the attitude towards living in the neighbourhood, etc. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.