我国勘查地球物理的若干进展─1994年

１９９４年，我国固体矿产地球物理工作仍不景气，水文、工程、环境地球物理市场平稳，油气地球物理工作持续增长。陆上三维地震年工作量首次超过一万平方公里。高山、大沙漠地区三维地震采集创造成功经验，地震数据全三维处理、解释技术和软件系统的研究和应用取得显著进展。航空地球物理工作量略有回升。总体上１９９４年我国各类勘查地球物理方法在“硬件”（仪器设备）方面的新进展相对较少，而在“软件”（方法技术特别是数据处理、解释技术）的研究、应用方面则取得较多重要进展。     

我国勘查地球物理的若干进展─1994年

1994年,我国固体矿产地球物理工作仍不景气,水文、工程、环境地球物理市场平稳,油气地球物理工作持续增长.陆上三维地震年工作量首次超过一万平方公里.高山、大沙漠地区三维地震采集创造成功经验,地震数据全三维处理、解释技术和软件系统的研究和应用取得显着进展.航空地球物理工作量略有回升.总体上1994年我国各类勘查地球物理方法在“硬件”(仪器设备)方面的新进展相对较少,而在“软件”(方法技术特别是数据处理、解释技术)的研究、应用方面则取得较多重要进展.     

地质调查地球物理技术标准现状与发展趋势

经过近30年的发展,我国地质调查地球物理技术标准从无到有,从零散到成系列,逐步建立了重力勘查、磁力勘查、电法勘查、地震勘查、放射性勘查等系列化的标准体系,为我国地质调查地球物理技术方法规范化工作程序的建立和新方法新技术推广起到重要作用。随着我国地质调查的转型发展,目前已经形成的地球物理勘查技术标准体系不能完全适应当下地质调查的需求。本文总结了我国地质调查地球物理技术标准的发展现状,结合当前我国地质调查转型发展对地球物理方法技术的需求,研究探讨了地球物理勘查技术标准化工作的研究方向和发展趋势。     

我国勘查地球物理的若干进展-1989年

我国有一支约18万人的勘查地球物理队伍,其工作规模居世界前列,每年取得大量应用成果和研究成果。中国地质学会勘探地球物理专业委员会将每年编写一篇综述,报导前一年我国勘查地球物理的若干主要进展。本文是第一篇。它按航空和海洋地球物理、地震、地球物理测井和地下地球物理、地面电法、地面重力和磁法、地面γ能谱等分别加以叙述。它提供了我国航空地球物理和地震去年的工作队数和完成的工作量,以后也将每年报导这些数字和其它一些统计数字。它报导了去年我国一些主要地球物理方法的技术和应用的进展,但不覆盖所有的地球物理方法和应用领域。资料说明地震始终是我国最主要的地球物理方法,在油气勘查以外的领域中它的重要性也在继续增大,并取得迅速的技术进展。电磁法正受到我国物探工作者更大的重视。本文第一部分还报导了我国勘查地球物理队伍的某些基本情况和统计数字。     

浅谈地下水地球物理勘查技术几个问题

在笔者多年从事地下水地球物理勘查技术研究工作的基础上,针对目前地下水勘查工作发展的需要,提出了地层岩性与物性关系、深层地下水地球物理勘查技术、地球物理方法评价地下水水质、地下水立体勘查模式建立、地球物理技术求取水文地质参数方法及地下水地球物理勘查资料综合解释信息系统化建设研究等几个问题,并进行了探讨,希望对同行有所帮助。     

我国勘查地球物理的若干进展——1992年

在地质工作调整结构、转换机制过程中,1992年我国固体矿产地球物理工作压缩,航空地球物理工作量减少。但以地震为主的油气地球物理工作量保持近几年水平并略有增长,水文、工程、环境地球物理工作持续发展。1992年我国勘查地球物理取得了较多新的科学技术成果。推出了一批新的地球物理仪器,其中包括高采样率浅层数字地震仪、地下管线探测仪、轻便遥测多道地震仪、工程质量检测仪、高分辨率中子俘获γ能谱测井仪等。航空磁力水平梯度系统投入使用。形成了一批新的功能较强的地震、测井、电法及重磁资料处理解释系统或工作站。新理论新方法研究加强,地学层析成象理论和应用发展迅速,神经网络模式识别方法扩大应用,分形及混沌理论在勘查地球物理中的应用也在起步。深部地壳调查及油气勘查领域地球物理的国际合作进一步扩大。     

我国勘查地球物理的若干进展——1996年

1996年是我国第九个五年计划的第一年。国家和各有关部门安排的一批新的重要勘查地球物理科技项目相继起步。在“八五”工作基础上,1996年我国勘查地球物理工作和科技继续取得若干重要进展。三维地震及其叠前深度偏移技术及软件系统的研究、开发和应用取得显著成效。分布式电法技术及装备的研究开发开始形成热点。一批新的国产地面和矿井探地雷达系统已形成商业产品。     

我国勘查地球物理的若干进展-1990年

从1990年起,中国地质学会勘探地球物理专业委员会每年在《物探与化探》上发表一篇综述,报导前一年我国勘查地球物理的若干进展。本文是第二篇。1990年,我国各种主要勘查地球物理方法在各主要应用领域中的工作规模和1989年大致相同。取得了较多的技术进展。多种新的国产地震仪器设备通过鉴定,其中包括遥测数据采集系统、震源及检波器。三维、高分辨率、横波、瑞利波地震勘探及垂直地震剖面的应用进一步扩大。多种新的国产测井及地下地球物理仪器设备通过鉴定,其中包括数控测井系统、微机化的井中及坑道电磁波系统等。多种新的测井资料微机处理解释系统研制完成。1990年还开始生产几种新的国产微机化电法仪器。探地雷达系统开始在工程勘查中应用。和苏联地球物理学家合作在我国油田上试验新的电法--电场差分法初步取得好的结果。在我国首次直接根据高精度重力勘查结果布置的钻井,1990年打出了工业油流。1990年是我国第七个五年计划的最后一年,所以本文最后还按各主要应用领域对我国勘查地球物理五年来的进展作了概略回顾。     

中国冶金地质总局地球物理勘查院

中国冶金地质总局地球物理勘查院成立于1965年3月．现为中国冶金地质总局所属的专业地质勘查单位。长期致力于地球物理、地球化学、地质勘查方法、技术及设备研发,广泛应用于航空和地面地质矿产勘查、工程勘察、地理信息、环评治理、电力电子技术服务及设备制造等业务领域．在缓解国家矿产资源约束、服务于国民经济建设方面发挥了重要作用。     

前进中的河北省区域地质矿产调查研究所

河北省区域地质矿产调查研究所成立于1957年,隶属河北省地矿局,为公益性事业单位。下设8个职能科室和11个科研、生产及多种经营单位。现有职工404人,各类高、中级专业技术职称的人员129人。专门从事区域地质调查、矿产地质调查、地球物理和地球化学勘查。具有区域地质调查、固体矿产勘查、地质灾害危险性评估等甲级资质,岩矿鉴定与实验测试、遥感地质勘查、地质灾害防治工程勘查和评价、地籍测量、工程测量、图件数字化等乙级资质和地球物理勘查、     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with