云南天文台射电望远镜天线增益的测量

本简述了应用“射电天法”对云南天射电望远镜天线增益的实测结果和精度分析，实测结果表明：云南天台３．２ｃｍ波段射电望远镜２ｍ天线增益为４１．７５±ｄＢ，２１ｃｍ，波段１０ｍ射电望远镜天线增益为４１．１２±０．１７ｄＢ。     

云南天文台射电望远镜天线增益的测量

本文简述了应用“射电天文法”对云南天文台射电望远镜天线增益的实测结果和精度分析 .实测结果表明 :云南天文台 3.2cm波段射电望远镜 2m天线增益为 41 .75± 0 .2 3dB .2 1cm波段 1 0m射电望远镜天线增益为 41 .1 2± 0 .1 7dB     

射电望远镜天线增益测量方法的综述

本文对射电望远镜天线增益Ｇ的几种主要实测方法：包括用标准角锥嗽叭增益理论值的“过渡法”和用已知流量的射电源作校准源的“射电天文法”进行了综述和评价。给出了应用这些方法对云台射电望远镜天线增益的实测结果和精度     

用射电天文方法测量小型天线的增益

本文讨论了以太阳和月亮作为校正源,用射电天文方法测量小型天线增益的基本原理和几种实测方法,并列举和比较了这些方法的实测结果。     

13.7m抛物面天线增益测量和太阳射电流量密度定标

以新月时月亮的射电辐射为温度基准和准口面温度定标的方法，在２２ＧＨｚ频率上于１９９３年７月￣８月测量了１３．７ｍ射电望远镜抛物面天线的增益，根据测量的增益值（６７．１０±０．０７ｄｂ）定标了太阳射电流量。流量测量的系统差为±５．８％，偶然差为±２．７％，测量的宁静太阳亮温度（非源区）为１０１００±３００Ｋ。除此之外，还推导和计算了不同源模型下的天线方向图改正因子Ｋｓ，并计算了太阳射电源的流量密度。     

数字滤波技术在射电天文测量中的应用

随着数字技术的发展，数字信号处理芯片的速度越来越快，这为高速数字滤波的实时实现提供了可能。简要阐述了数字滤波的原理，并对两种数字滤波的实现方法进行了分析；给出了数字滤波较模拟滤波的优势；介绍了数字滤波在射电天文测量中的各种应用。     

风云二号气象卫星地面站天线射电天文测量系统

本文描述了风云二号气象卫星地面站天线射电天文测量系统以及用射电天文方法进行天线参数测量的硬件和软件。     

13．7m抛物面天线增益测量和太阳射电流量密度定标

以新月时月亮的射电辐射为温度基准和准口面温度定标的方法，在２２ＧＨｚ频率上于１９９３年７月～３月测量了１３．７ｍ射电望远镜抛物面天线的增益。根据测量的增益值（６７．１０─±０．０７ｄｂ）定标了太阳射电流量，流量测量的系统差为±５．８％，偶然差为±２．７％，测量的宁静太阳亮温度（非源区）为１０１００±３００Ｋ。除此之外，还推导和计算了不同源模型下的天线方向图改正因子Ｋｓ，并计算了太阳射电源的流量密度。     

Preliminary Exploration of Orbit Determination Method by Means of Space-based Angle Measurement Data

The determination of the orbit of a target satellite by means of observed angle measurement data has a very important applicative value. In order to solve this problem, an optimization mathematic model labelled STSM is first constructed. Next is given the necessary numerical procedure of finding the initial values by polynomial fitting of the angle measurement data. Thirdly, the properties of STSM are analyzed in detail, from which the basic method for solving the optimization problem is found. Finally, the above-mentioned method is applied to a large number of simulation calculations and a preliminary analysis of the results is made. The calculated results show that for a given accuracy and density of data, it is feasible to determine the orbital elements of the target satellite by using space-based angle measurement data according to the procedure given.     

基于FS系统对乌鲁木齐VLBI射电望远镜进行天线测量

在天文观测中射电望远镜性能参数的好坏直接影响到观测数据质量,为了保证观测质量,提高观测效率,需要对天线性能进行测量.当前进行天线测量的方法有场地测量法和射电天文法,不同的方法应用范围和效果不同.对于大型天线而言采用射电天文法进行天线测量高效快捷.针对VLBI射电望远镜,介绍了使用终端FS系统对天线参数进行测量（基于射电天文法）的方法和过程,以乌鲁木齐南山25 m天线增益和指向精度测量作为范例,重点叙述了测量的方法和步骤,并对该方法进行了讨论.     

射电天线口面温度定标

介绍一种天线口面温度定标的方法．当用这个方法对目标源进行温度定标时,由于定标源讯号和目标源讯号均由天线口面同路输入,因此波导和微波器件的传输损耗在定标的过程中被自动消除,因而这种温度定标方法能大大地提高观测资料的精度．目前无线口面温度定标方法除了在射电天文和微波天线测量中应用外,还广泛应用于雷达和无线电技术测量及微波遥感控制等．     

射电阵列天线和接收机性能综合测试方法

首先回顾了在现场射电望远镜天线性能的Y系数测量方法,指出如略加改进并利用射电望远镜自身接收机作测试接收机,则即能测出天线性能,又能测出接收机性能,详尽描述了这种改进方法。测量方法是模拟接收机输入端分别连接到50Ω终端、噪声源及天线输出端,且天线分别指向冷空和太阳。由测量方法得出4个传输方程,进而导出模拟接收机系统噪声温度、天线噪声温度、模拟接收机增益及天线增益与测试数据紧密联系的表达式。以一个射电望远镜测试数据为依据,算出相应系统参数并与设计指标要求进行了比对。小结中列出这种方法的优点,同时也讨论了现场测量天线增益的方向图法。     

Frequency Distributions of Microwave Pulses for the 18 March 2003 Solar Flare

We analyze the pulses in high-frequency drift radio structures observed by the spectrometer at Purple Mountain Observatory (PMO) over the frequency range of 4.5 – 7.5 GHz during the 18 March 2003 solar flare. A number of individual pulses are determined from the drifting radio structures after the detected gradual component subtraction. The frequency distributions of microwave pulse occurrence as functions of peak flux, duration, bandwidth, and time interval between two adjacent pulses exhibit a power-law behavior, i.e. . From regression fitting in log-log space, we obtain the power-law indexes, α _P=7.38±0.40 for the peak flux, α _D=5.39±0.86 for the duration, and α _B=6.35±0.56 for the bandwidth. We find that the frequency distribution for the time interval displays a broken power law. The break occurs at about 500 ms, and their indexes are α _W1=1.56±0.08 and α _W2=3.19±0.12, respectively. Our results are consistent with the previous findings of hard X-ray pulses, type III bursts, and decimetric millisecond spikes.     

用小射电望远镜获得太阳一维扫描高分辨率图的试验

本文叙述了利用离散傅里叶变换对资料序列进行复原的方法,并对在云南天文台10米天线射电望远镜的21厘米波段对太阳扫描观测的结果进行复原试验,获得了约7角分实际分辨率的结果。     

用于太阳射电快速记录系统中的微带功率晶体管放大器的研制

本文介绍了云南天文台微带功率晶体管放大器在太阳射电快速记录系统中的设计原理和技术性能，并给出了放大器的线路图和最初的测量结果。     

Digitization and Scientific Exploitation of the Italian and Vatican Astronomical Plate Archives

There is a widespread interest to digitize the precious information contained in the astronomical plate archives, both for the preservation of their content and for its fast distribution to all interested researchers in order to achieve their better scientific exploitation. This paper presents the first results of our large-scale project to digitize the archive of plates of the Italian Astronomical Observatories and of the Specola Vaticana. Similar systems, composed by commercial flat-bed retro-illuminated scanners plus dedicated personal computers and acquisition and analysis software, have been installed in all participating Institutes. Ad-hoc codes have been developed to acquire the data, to test the suitability of the machines to our scientific needs, and to reduce the digital data in order to extract the astrometric, photometric and spectroscopic content. Two more elements complete the overall project: the provision of high quality BVRI CCD sequences in selected fields with the Campo Imperatore telescopes, and the distribution of the digitized information to all interested researchers via the Web. The methods we have derived in the course of this project have been already applied successfully to plates taken by other Observatories, for instance at Byurakan and at Hamburg.