老龄杉木人工林生态系统碳库及分配

对福建省南平市安曹下87年生的杉木人工林碳库及其分配进行研究．采用分层切割法和相对生长方程计算乔木层生物量,样方收获法测定林下植被生物量、枯枝落叶层和粗木质残体现存量,CN元素分析仪测定碳含量,研究结果表明：老龄杉木人工林生态系统碳库为287.89t·hm^-2,其中乔木层碳库占生态系统碳库的68.18％,矿质土壤层碳库占26.39％,而林下植被层、枯枝落叶层和粗木质残体碳库所占比例之和不超过6％。老龄杉木林的干材（干＋皮）碳库占乔木层碳库的79．61%。87年生与40年生杉木人工林碳库很接近,前者比后者仅高出7．15％,主要是因为两者占生态系统主体的乔木层碳库和土壤层碳库很接近,前者分别仅高出后者的4．51％和10．39％,前者林下植被层和粗木质残体碳库较大,分别是后者的2．05倍和2．80倍,而枯枝落叶层碳库则低于后者。因此,老龄阶段杉木人工林生态系统碳库增幅不大,但在碳库分配上变化明显。     

木荚红豆人工林C库及其分配研究

对木荚红豆人工林C贮量及其分配的研究表明,木荚红豆人工林C贮量为227.9t/hm^2,其中生物量C库和死有机质C库分别为117.1t/hm^2和110.8t/hm^2,分别占C库总量的51.4%和48.6%;乔木层C库和土壤有机质C库分别占林分总C库的49.4%和47.1%;林下植被层、枯枝落叶层、粗木质残体C库总共仅占生态系统C库的3.5%,对生态系统C吸存的贡献较小.     

木荚红豆人工林C库及其分配研究

对木荚红豆人工林C贮量及其分配的研究表明,木荚红豆人工林C贮量为227.9t/hm2,其中生物量C库和死有机质C库分别为117.1t/hm2和110.8t/hm2,分别占C库总量的51.4%和48.6%;乔木层C库和土壤有机质C库分别占林分总C库的49.4%和47.1%;林下植被层、枯枝落叶层、粗木质残体C库总共仅占生态系统C库的3.5%,对生态系统C吸存的贡献较小.     

福建南平35a生楠木林生态系统碳库及分配

对福建省南平市安曹下35a生楠木林碳库及分配进行研究．结果表明,楠木林碳库为172．138t·hm^-2,其中乔木层碳库占楠木林碳库的40．14％,矿质土壤层碳库占55．99％,而林下植被层、枯枝落叶层、粗木质残体3个分室碳库所占比例之和不超过5％．楠木林的干材（干＋皮）碳库占乔木层碳库的71．14％,楠木林根系碳库占乔木层碳库21．93％,楠木林枝和叶碳库所占比例总和不超过5％．因此,楠木林碳库主要分配在乔木层和土壤层．     

福建南平35 a生楠木林生态系统碳库及分配

对福建省南平市安曹下35a生楠木林碳库及分配进行研究．结果表明,楠木林碳库为172．138t·hm^-2,其中乔木层碳库占楠木林碳库的40．14％,矿质土壤层碳库占55．99％,而林下植被层、枯枝落叶层、粗木质残体3个分室碳库所占比例之和不超过5％．楠木林的干材（干＋皮）碳库占乔木层碳库的71．14％,楠木林根系碳库占乔木层碳库21．93％,楠木林枝和叶碳库所占比例总和不超过5％．因此,楠木林碳库主要分配在乔木层和土壤层．     

33年生福建柏人工林碳库与碳吸存

通过对福建三明33 a生福建柏和杉木人工林生态系统碳库和碳吸存的研究,结果表明,福建柏人工林碳库总量为 236.317 t/hm~2,低于杉木林(244.008 t/hm~2),其中地上部分和地下部分碳贮量分别占碳库总量 55.92％和44.08％。杉木人工林的林下植被和枯枝落叶层碳贮量分别是福建柏人工林的1.19倍和1.20倍。福建柏人工林乔木层有机碳年均积累量 11～20 a阶段达最大值,为 5.576t/hm~2·a~(-1),而杉木人工林最大值(5.817t/hm~2·a~(-1)较早出现于6～10 a阶段。福建柏人工林乔木层32至33 a碳净固定量为9.907 t/hm~2·a~(-1),折算成 CO2为36.326 t/hm~2·a~(-1),是杉木人工林的1.54倍,其中凋落物和死细根碳当年归还量分别为3.769 t/hm~2·a~(-1)和1.647 t/hm~2·a~(-1),分别是杉木人工林的1.75倍和1.31倍。     

秃杉人工林速生阶段的碳库与碳吸存

对广西南丹山口林场速生阶段(11 a生)秃杉人工林的碳库与碳吸存进行了研究.结果表明,秃杉不同器官碳素含量为429.9～511.5 g/kg,各器官碳素含量排列顺序为树皮>树枝>树干>树根>树叶.草本层、灌木层和凋落物层平均碳素含量分别为452.9、407.7 g/kg和430.7 g/kg.土壤(0～80 cm)碳素含量为16.71 g/kg,随土层深度的增加各层次土壤碳素含量逐渐减少.秃杉人工林生态系统碳库为172.49 t/hm2,其中乔木层为39.06t/hm2,占生态系统碳库的20.92%;灌草层为0.20 t/hm2,占0.12%;凋落物层为0.98 t/hm2,占0.57%;土壤层为135.22 t/hm2,占78.39%.秃杉各器官的碳库与其生物量成正比例关系,树干的生物量最大,其碳库也最大,占乔木层碳库的52.06%.速生阶段秃杉林年净生产力为8.62 t/(hm2·a),碳素年净固定量为4.06 t/(hm2·a).     

格氏栲天然林与人工林枯枝落叶层和粗木质残体有机化学组成研究

对福建省三明市格氏栲天然林及在其采伐迹地上营造的33年生格氏栲人工林和杉木人工林这3种林分的枯枝落叶层及粗木质残体物质化学组成进行研究．结果表明：在分解过程中3种林分枯叶和枯枝水溶性物质和纤维素含量不断下降,而枯枝中苯醇溶性物质和粗蛋白质含量有所上升．除半纤维素和纤维素外,3种林分粗木质残体水溶性物质、木质素和粗蛋白质含量均为L层〉F层,而苯醇溶性物质含量为L层〈F层．格氏栲天然林枯叶和枯枝水溶性物质、木质素、粗蛋白质、半纤维素和纤维素总贮量最高,而苯醇溶性物质总贮量以格氏栲人工林的最高．3种林分F层枯叶和枯枝有机物质的总贮量高于L层．与2种人工林相比,格氏栲天然林粗木质残体中各种有机物质贮量均最高．     

格氏栲天然林与人工林枯枝落叶层和粗木质残体有机化学组成研究

对福建省三明市格氏栲天然林及在其采伐迹地上营造的33年生格氏栲人工林和杉木人工林这3种林分的枯枝落叶层及粗木质残体物质化学组成进行研究．结果表明：在分解过程中3种林分枯叶和枯枝水溶性物质和纤维素含量不断下降,而枯枝中苯醇溶性物质和粗蛋白质含量有所上升．除半纤维素和纤维素外,3种林分粗木质残体水溶性物质、木质素和粗蛋白质含量均为L层〉F层,而苯醇溶性物质含量为L层〈F层．格氏栲天然林枯叶和枯枝水溶性物质、木质素、粗蛋白质、半纤维素和纤维素总贮量最高,而苯醇溶性物质总贮量以格氏栲人工林的最高．3种林分F层枯叶和枯枝有机物质的总贮量高于L层．与2种人工林相比,格氏栲天然林粗木质残体中各种有机物质贮量均最高．     

人促天然更新米槠次生林与杉木人工林乔木层碳贮量分配特征比较

以杉木人工林为对照,分析三明陈大人工促进天然更新形成的米槠次生林乔木层碳贮量及其随树种、径阶、高阶的分配特点．结果表明：米槠次生林乔木层物种丰富度高于杉木林,人促天然更新有利于保持乔木层的树种多样性．米槠次生林乔木层碳贮量为178．67t·hm^-2,高于杉木人工林（111．24t·hm^-2）．米槠次生林和杉木人工林均以单优树种碳贮量占绝对优势,但米槠次生林中大个体林木（大径阶、大高阶）的碳贮量远大于杉木人工林．与杉木人工林相比,米槠次生林呈现出异龄的林分结构,这可能是其能够保持高碳吸存和高树种丰富度的重要原因．     

Variations in Ageing in Home and Ageing in Neighbourhood

This paper takes a new approach to investigating people who age in place. It provides an explanation for why people age in a place that can be useful in government and corporate planning. Our research investigates the principal factors that drive the decision of a rising number of older Australians to age in place. Many older people wish to age in place rather than move in with their children or be institutionalised. They wish to continue to be active in their local communities and maintain their existing social ties. The concept of ageing in place covers two distinct groups: those who are able to stay in their current dwellings and age in home and those who move house but remain in their local community and age in neighbourhood. Age-friendly home modification is a response to ageing in home, whereas the provision of institutional healthcare and the provision of age-suitable housing to facilitate downsizing are associated with ageing in neighbourhood. Using Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey data, this research examines the mobility decisions of older Australians and identifies the major determinants of a decision to age in place. This research argues for a better understanding of ageing in place, differentiating between those ageing in home and those ageing in neighbourhood.     

Changes in regional employment in Denmark in the seventies

Nielsen, Bue and Sørensen, Peder Michael: Changes in regional employment in Denmark in the seventies. Geografisk Tidsskrift 84, 69–73. Copenhagen, January 1984.

The paper deals with regional development in employment in Denmark in the 1970's. It uses shift-share analysis to isolate elements and activities responsible for the regional dispersion experienced. In that context the paper discusses the interrelationship between manufacturing industries and public services.     

Life in de facto statelessness in enclaves in India and Bangladesh

Drawing on conceptualization of statelessness and ethnographic research on crucial insights of rightessness, this paper investigates how the politico‐geographic‐legality constructs statelessness in the enclaves in India and Bangladesh. Following the decolonization process in 1947, both India and Pakistan/Bangladesh inherited more than 200 enclaves, which comprise 80 per cent of the world's enclaves. With improved bilateral relations, India and Bangladesh officially exchanged the enclaves on 1 August 2015, and the enclave dwellers will gradually be granted citizenship rights over the next few years. In this period of transition from statelessness to statehood, this paper can be read as contemporary history. This paper will draw attention to three aspects of statelessness. First, conceptualization of statelessness not only applies to the refugeehood or de‐territorialization of people but also relates to the process of constructing transterritorial stateless people. Second, this paper will discuss the condition of statelessness constructed in a politico‐geographic‐legal trap. And finally, the paper calls for a wider empirical and critical focus on the hidden geographies of de facto statelessness.     

福建九龙江口红树林造林遇到的问题

中国的红树林在过去50年里面积锐减了近70%,恢复和发展红树林迫在眉睫,红树林人工造林是必由之路。福建九龙江口湿地资源丰富,然而在红树林造林上却遇到了一些问题,这些问题阻碍了九龙江口红树林的恢复和发展,应该引起相关部门的关注。     

分形理论在中国地理学应用的研究

1IntroductionMany natural phenomena such as zigzag coastline, various landforms, turbulent rivers, etc. cannot be described with traditional Euclid geometry, but they are of self-similarities. Fractal geometry takes the complex phenomena as its research objects and has been developed into a specific theory. So it has been praised as natural geometry. What is fractal means "irregular, fractional, fragmental" and its core is self-similarity (Wang and Cao, 1995). To characterize fractals differ…     

我国生物地理学研究进展

生物地理学研究是生物学和地理学交叉非常明显的部门自然地理学学科,它具有很强的基础研究特点,同时研究成果也具有很大的应用潜力。近年来,我国生物地理学基础研究在国家自然科学基金委等部门的支持下,在山地植被与地理环境、干旱半干旱区植被与地理环境、植物区系、植物物候、土壤动物与土壤生态功能、土壤生物结皮等方面开展了全面而深入的研究。同时拓展了传统生物地理学的研究方向,在植物地理学与全球变化、植物地理学与生物多样性保护、植物地理学与生态系统管理等方面也开展了大量研究。尤为可贵的是干旱半干旱区土壤生物结皮研究、典型温带荒漠区原生荒漠植被对水分改变的响应与适应研究取得了令国内外关注的高水平研究成果。     

我国开展森林认证的进展

<正> 森林认证作为促进森林可持续经营(SFM)的一种市场机制在20世纪90年代逐渐兴起。它指的是在独立第三方评估的基础上,根据制定的系列标准,按照规定和公认的程序对森林经营的质量进行认定并发放证书的程序。在短短十几年的时间内,它从最初仅     

Advances in applied studies of fractal theory in geography in China

The fractal theory put forward by American mathematician B B Mandelbrot (1967) supplies an effective approach to solve complex problems. The complex problems in geography have become the main positive study field of fractal theory. Based on the works of China’s geographers and the summarization of contents of fractal theory, the authors comment on the present situation of its applications to almost every branch of geography and discuss the related problems and the prospects of fractal study in geography.