INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND DOWNTOWN RESTRUCTURING: THE CASE OF NEW YORK CITY'S FINANCIAL DISTRICT

Among central-city land-use districts, the financial district traditionally has been the most locationally stable. Advances in building and business technology, such as steel frame contruction, the passenger elevator, and the telephone, have been accommodated through refitting existing sites. The changes in building technology required by modern, global financial companies, particularly the large horizontal footplates that exceed the size of traditional sites, have finally loosened the concentrated business district location. In downtown Manhattan, the result has been a doughnut shape, as large financial institutions have moved to the periphery, leaving Wall Street with back-office functions. The obsolescence of traditional locations imposed by a building technology that favors horizontal over vertical spaces may be offset by the perceived need for face-to-face contact. The degree to which financial institutions in world cities maintain a dispersed but identifiable district in the future may be an accurate measure of the value of urban propinquity.     

RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN THE COMMUTING BEHAVIOR OF WOMEN IN BUFFALO, 1980-1990

Disagreement persists about whether or not African American workers in U.S. metropolitan areas are more distant from centers of employment opportunities than European American workers are. But few studies on employment accessibility focus on racial differences among women. Analyses of 1980 and 1990 census Public Use Microdata Samples for Erie County (Buffalo), New York show that, by 1990, African American and European American women who use private vehicles generally spend about the same time commuting. However in both years, work trips to destinations outside the central city penalize African American women relative to European American women. If employment opportunities, especially service jobs, continue to expand in suburban locations and not in central-city locations, the African American women who have to reverse commute (even when they use a car) are unlikely to enjoy the relative convenience of short commutes that characterize the journey-to-work behavior of European American women with suburban employment.     

从增长到发展──罗马俱乐部可持续发展思想述评

系统地介绍和评论罗马俱乐部怀疑指数式增长,提出有机增长,进而形成发展概念的思想历程。扼要介绍了罗马俱乐部对可持续发展基础的认识。试图为正确理解可持续发展的内涵提供参考。     

南极格罗夫山于2002-2003年搜集4448块陨石:新陨石富集区的证实

我国第19次南极考察队于2002-2003年在格罗夫山地区寻找陨石,共搜集了4448块陨石,其中石陨石2892块、球粒陨石1524块、碳质球粒陨石25块、无球粒陨石6块和石铁陨石1块。这次陨石调查主要沿阵风悬崖南段、中段、北段蓝冰区进行,在上述地区分别发现了41块、2684块、1721块陨石。本次考察中,在已搜寻的蓝冰区,尽管其富集程度有很大差异,但均发现了陨石,因此,格罗夫山其它尚未搜寻的蓝冰区也可能富集陨石。大部分陨石可能是风从阵风悬崖或其上方吹来的,因这些陨石质量小,分布在蓝冰的凹地或冰碛的迎风坡。而另一些质量大的陨石可能受冰川搬运至收集地点,因冰的消融而露出蓝冰表面。这些陨石的发现充分证明格罗夫山地区为南极最富集陨石的地区之一。     

A METROD PREDICTING RESPONSE OF SEDIMENT YIELD TO POSSIBIE CHANGE OF PRECIPITATION DUE TO GLOBAL GREENHOUSE WARMING:AN EXAMPIE FROM NORTH FRINGE OF THE LOESS PLATEAU, CHINA

Introducti0nTheclimaticchangesinducedbytheglObalgTeen-housewarndnghaveaW0eaworldwideconcerninallwalksOflife.ThestUdyofthesechangesandtheirinfluencesonnamralenvironmentasawholehasbecomeanurgentandimPOrtantsubjectwearefacing.InthisstUdy,amethodtopredictthePOssib1echangesinnOwingWaererosioncausedtysuchclimaticchang6shasbeenPutfOwtwithP0ssiblechangesofvegetationtakenintoaccount.BasedondatafromtheNingriaHuiAntonomousRtwonlocatedinthenorthemfringeoftheLoessPlateauofChina,thetendenCyOferosi…     

金至民国时期京津唐地区人口与土地开发规模间的关系探讨

通过对京津唐地区金至民国时期人口变迁和土地开发的研究,对这一时段各个历史时期人口和土地开发的规律和特征进行了探讨.认为京津唐地区的土地开发过程与相应时期的人口变化密切相关.对本地区人口——土地亩数进行的相关分析表明,清嘉庆以前,这一地区的土地开发规模与人口的增长符合线性方程y=522+5.24x.这说明在此阶段二者间的变化是循着一定的规律进行的.清嘉庆未至民国时期,人口与土地的关系则不符合上述方程,显示出在人口——土地开发的渐变过程出现了一个突变的断层.这表明在一定的社会生产力水平下,人口与土地开发间的规律已被打破,从而引起了环境进一步的改变.