区域PRED的系统分析与决策制定方法

人口问题、资源问题、环境问题和发展问题是当今世界人地关系的四大焦点问题,它们相互联系、相互影响,因而解决它们的关键在于实现PRED四者的协调发展.从定义“区域PRED系统”这一概念入手,进而运用系统科学的分析方法,可以较为深入地探讨区域PRED协调发展的相互作用与内部信息联系机制.在此基础上,通过数学分析、模型仿真和多目标决策评判等方法的逐步深入,可以构筑起区域PRED协调发展的辅助决策支持系统的运行框架.     

乌鲁木齐市居民购物行为空间决策因素分析

通过分析乌鲁木齐市居民消费行为问卷调查资料,从不同类型商品和不同商业中心地的购物空间决策角度,对乌鲁木齐市居民购物行为空间决策的主要因素及决策过程的主要特点进行了初步研究,得出以下结论: (1)个人经验信息是最大的信息来源,重要性随着商品等级的上升而下降;人际交往信息因具体来源不同而呈现不同特征;媒体信息的影响力随商品等级上升而加强(2)不同类型商品购物地空间决策因素存在较大差异; (3)老商业中心地认知程度仍然较高(4)可达性因素加强了相对较新商业中心地的地位;商品因素是塑造商业中心地的认知特色的要素;提升服务因素是商业中心地保持竞争力的有效途径;消费心理因素对于商业中心地的发展起到无形的推动作用等.     

基于“低碳经济”背景下的中国企业发展浅析

阐述低碳经济产生的背景及内涵,在此基础上分析中国企业发展低碳经济的必然趋势及发展低碳经济的限制性因素。最后提出:面对低碳化浪潮,中国企业已难以置身事外,发展低碳经济需要的并不仅仅是政府政策的鼓励,更需要企业的率先推行。     

城乡一体化过程中农民满意度调查研究

推进城乡一体化的最终目的就是要达到城乡共荣，其中农民问题解决与否成为城乡一体化成败的关键。成都市几个城乡一体化试点城镇的农民对现今政策、生活等方面满意程度如何，也是一个备受关注的问题。通过实地调查，采用模糊数学方法，对成都市的几个城乡一体化试点城镇的农民目前的状况进行综合评价，计算出他们的满意程度，找出存在的问题，为今后城乡一体化的普遍开展提供参考。经过对调查数据的处理计算，结果表明：成都市城乡一体化试点城镇的农民的满意程度处于满意和一般满意状况。     

PRINCIPLES FOR THE LOCATION OF SYNAGOGUES: SYMBOLISM AND FUNCTIONALISM IN A SPATIAL CONTEXT

Two traditional Jewish approaches to the location of synagogues can be found, one symbolic and one functional. The locational requirements are not identical; the symbolic approach deals with idealistic spatial status while the functional approach poses realistic locational demands. This spatio-locational conflict reflects a problematic situation on both theoretical and practical levels.     

PRINCIPLES FOR THE LOCATION OF SYNAGOGUES: SYMBOLISM AND FUNCTIONALISM IN A SPATIAL CONTEXT

Two traditional Jewish approaches to the location of synagogues can be found, one symbolic and one functional. The locational requirements are not identical; the symbolic approach deals with idealistic spatial status while the functional approach poses realistic locational demands. This spatio-locational conflict reflects a problematic situation on both theoretical and practical levels.     

地下水中污染物迁移数学模型模拟实验研究方法及建模技术初探

污染物迁移转化的数学模型应该是水动力学与水文地球化学相结合的数学模型。本文讨论了地下水中污染物迁移数学模型模拟实验的理论基础、研究方法和建模方法原则及技术。     

COUNTER-URBANIZATION IN SOCIETAL CONTEXT: LONG-DISTANCE MIGRATION TO THE HIGHLANDS AND ISLANDS OF SCOTLAND*

Recent growth in long-distance migration by non-Scots to remote parts of the Scottish Highlands is evaluated in relation to key explanatory themes in counter-urbanization literature: rural-urban convergence, expansion of the affluent middle class, and changing residential preferences. A survey of in-migrants' motivations and livelihood adjustments reveals the primacy of quality of life considerations and a ‘satisficing’ approach to work, lifestyle and residential location. It is concluded that peripheral area counter-urbanization could be maintained without the context of societal affluence that spawned the movement in the 1960s.     

STATE PARKS AND JIM CROW IN THE DECADE BEFORE BROWN v. BOARD OF EDUCATION

African Americans had access to only a small number of state parks in the Jim Crow South. Between the end of World War II and the U.S. Supreme Court's 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision, however, state park officials oversaw a relative expansion in the construction of facilities available to southern blacks. Emphasizing developments leading up to that landmark court ruling, I note that this trend did not indicate waning support for segregation among whites. Rather, this relative expansion was part of a strategy to protect Jim Crow by demonstrating that the “separate‐but‐equal” principle was being successfully achieved by southern park agencies. This intensified construction was largely a reaction to increasingly successful legal action in federal courts by the naacp generally; and officials in the state agencies hoped—unsuccessfully—to avoid challenges to state park segregation. After the Brown decision, several border states integrated their park systems, but most agencies displayed the reactionary defiance that characterized most white Southerners as the civil rights movement grew.     

THE REGIONAL GOVERNANCE CONTEXT IN RUSSIA: A GENERAL FRAMEWORK

Many European urban regions have experienced a transformation from a compact monocentric toward a less compact polycentric urban region since the 1960s. The debate on emerging polycentricity in Europe so far tends to be more theoretical than analytical. The trend toward increasingly polycentric urban regions is meanwhile beyond dispute, but the effects of this transformation on urban regions and their components have only been explored to a limited extent. Are the "old" central cities only losing people, functions, and status to the new urban centers, or do these centers complement each other and specialize in terms of economic activities and population composition? This article presents evidence for the Amsterdam urban region regarding population distribution, selective migration, job growth, and economic specializations of the region's subcenters. It will become clear from our data that the Amsterdam urban region has indeed become more polycentric, but also that Amsterdam has managed to remain a vital center. The newer and older urban subcenters have become increasingly important, but rather than competing with Amsterdam, they develop in a complementary way.     

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT POLICY ADOPTION IN A REGIONAL CONTEXT: A STUDY OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVENUE BOND

Economic development incentives are largely competitive instruments. Because they offer the promise of bettering the community's (local) competitive advantage, new incentives tend to diffuse rapidly, fueled by these same competitive pressures. This study reports on the diffusion of the industrial revenue bond (IRB) across northeastern Illinois. The overall diffusion pattern corresponds to a hierarchical diffusion; initially according to city size, subsequently according to information centrality. imitation (spatial contagion) effects surface only in later stages. These results suggest that early adopters are responding more to extra-regional competition, whereas the laggards are responding more to intra-regional competition. The paradox here is that those most in need of the incentive are often the last to adopt.