陕西重力网优化改造及监测能力评估

陕西重力网监测范围由关中盆地扩大到覆盖了鄂尔多斯块体南缘、关中盆地、秦岭山地及陕南、关中主要活动断裂带,同时与豫西、晋南、宁夏区域重力网实现了联网,测网监测能力由原来只具备对网内5级地震的监测提升到具备对发生在网内6级地震的监测。基于3个绝对重力基准约束下的重力观测平差结果表明,测网单位权中误差为7.7×10~(-8)m·s~(-2),平均点值中误差7.9×10~(-8)m·s~(-2),当以2.5倍中误差作为限差时,可以识别发生在监测区域内40×10~(-8)m·s~(-2)左右的重力相对变化,为研究鄂尔多斯块体南缘重力场变化提供依据。     

陕西重力测网起算基准稳定性分析

采用经典平差方法处理重力网数据时,判断起算基准是否稳定是一个关键性问题。本文在精细化处理陕西重力测网观测资料基础上,采用线性回归法,对1992—2011年陕西重力测网起算基准进行了稳定性分析。并以泾阳M_S 4.8地震为例,分析了重力起算基准稳定性对重力网计算的影响及线性回归方法的有效性,结果表明:(1)起算基准重力值随时间变化明显;(2)起算基准扰动影响改正后,地震前后重力场及跨断裂重力段差变化特征更加符合实际情况;(3)处理重力数据及分析重力场变化特征时,必须考虑起算基准稳定性的影响。     

中国地震重力监测体系的结构与能力

对我国现行地震重力监测网和中国地壳运动观测网络工程实施后形成的中国地震重力监测体系的结构和能力进行了评估,得到的主要结论有：① 现行的地震重力监测网对5级左右地震有较好的监测预报能力,但对6级以上强震因测网范围太小而无此能力;② 网络工程实施后的中国地震重力监测体系,对7级以上大震有较好的监测预报能力,但对6级左右至7级地震,因测点太稀而分辨能力不足．     

陆态网络重力测网的分形特征与地震监测能力分析

介绍了“中国大陆构造环境监测网络”（简称“陆态网络”）重力观测体系。从分形几何学角度研究了陆态网络重力测网的分形特征,计算得到测网分维数D_f=1.5598、最佳网格化间距r=139km。综合测网分维数与重力时变距、重力异常范围、测网范围等量化指标,对陆态网络重力测网的地震监测能力进行分析,结果表明,测网最佳网格化间距等特征值与M_S6.0地震引发的重力场变化区域的特征异常区半径等统计量化指标接近,具备监测我国除边界及藏北无人区以外大陆区域的M_S6.0及以上地震的能力。     

陕西数字地震台网的监测能力

利用宽频带数字地震记录无震、无干扰事件情况下的背景噪声资料，给出了陕西数字地震台网的监测能力。在1．0－10Hz的频域内分析了陕西数字地震台网的仪器有效测量动态范围。     

我国流动重力监测预报发展的思考

1 重力监测预报现状 (1 重力监测.我国现行地震重力监测网由于自成体系,彼此独立,"中国地壳运动观测网络"重力基本网由于跨距大,绝对重力基准较少,流动重力监测体系的结构和能力仍存在以下问题:①现行的地震重力监测网大都缺少绝对重力控制,不能有效地消除仪器标定系统引起的测量误差,以提取绝对重力变化信息;     

北祁连河西地区流动重力监测与地震预测

引言自 1 966年邢台地震以后 ,我国开始用观测区域重力场随时间变化的方法进行地震预测研究。 1 976年唐山地震前后曾在震中附近进行过流动重力测量 ,并观测到较可靠的重力随时间的变化。目前 ,许多国家已把观测与地壳运动有关的区域重力场的短期变化 ,当作研究地震预报的一种手段 ,并在不同规模上开展了此项工作。美国 1 964年阿拉斯加地震 ,日本 1 965年至 1 967年松代震群 ,1 974年伊豆地震和苏联 1 976年加兹利震群 ( MS=7.0 ,7.2 ,6.5)前后 ,都观测到区域重力场的时间变化 (李瑞浩 ,1 988)。北祁连河西地区是 1 989年以来全国地震趋势…     

陕西地区流动重力历史资料清理分析

介绍流动重力历史资料清理流程、方法及获得的规范化成果,对1998年泾阳M_S4.8、2009年高陵M_S4.4地震前后的重力场变化进行分析,得到结论:①泾阳地震前后重力场变化满足"震前重力持续增强一震后反向恢复"的特征;②泾阳地震的发生可能与附近断裂活动有关,同时受华北块体应力场的作用;③高陵地震前后重力变化与泾阳地震前后重力变化具有一定的相似性,且位于渭河断裂附近,两个地震均受到渭河断裂活动的影响。     

山西地震重力监测网起算基准扰动分析

在精细处理山西省地震重力监测网全部观测资料的基础上,研究了经典平差中起算基准的稳定性及其对平差结果的干扰.采用最小二乘拟合方法,消除了起算基准对区域重力场动态变化的影响.结果表明:2010年山西阳曲地震前后的重力异常明显,反映了地震孕育的基本信息.因此,在处理地震重力监测资料和分析地震重力异常时必须修正起算基准的干扰.     

Dynamic Variations of the Gravity Field before and after the M5. 1 Wen’an Earthquake in Hebei Province

In order to explore the abnormal variations before and after the Wen'an M5. 1 earthquake on July 4, 2006, the gravity data observed by the Wenba Gravity Observation Network before and after the earthquake was analyzed. The relationships between gravity change and vertical displacement and shallow groundwater level were discussed, and elevation correction of the gravity was preliminarily performed. The results show that there were abnormal gravity changes before the M5. 1 earthquake, which appeared as gravity rising in the whole observation network, especially in the south part. A high gradient of gravity variation appeared around the epicenter before the M5. 1 earthquake, especially during the short period between October 2005 to April 2006. The boundary of the positive and negative gravity variations gradually deflected and began to recover from October 2007.     

The structure and ability of the China Seismological Gravity Monitoring System

IntroductionMore than 30 years has passed since gravity method was used to Study the eanhquake prediction in China in later 1960s (In America, Germany, Japan and the former Soviet Union etC. it haspassed nearly half a century). In this 30 years the most remarkable success achieved are as follows.First, in the cognition aspect, the questions whether the gravity will change or not before earthquake and how much the magnitUde of change has been answered. TO the fial queStion, the answer is p…     

Study of the Gravity Changes before and after the Jingtai Ms 5.9 Earthquake

By systematically analyzing the data of gravity reiteration in the Hexi region and taking a dynamic viewpoint.we have studied the evolution characters of gravity field during the preparation-occurrence of the Jingtai Ms5.9 earthquake of June 6,2000,The patterns of dynamic change of the gravity field clearly reflected how the gravity field evolved from the quasi-homogeneous state to non-homogeneous state for earthquake preparation and then the earthquake occurred.Besides,we have also studied the relation between the characteristic gravity change and strong earthquake activity.     

Gravity change observed in a local gravity network and its implication to seasonal precipitation in Dali county,Yunnan province,China

This study investigates data-processing methods and examines the precipitation effect on gravity measurements at the Dali gravity network, established in 2005. High-quality gravity data were collected during four measurement campaigns. To use the gravity data validly, some geophysical corrections must be considered carefully. We first discuss data-processing methods using weighted leastsquares adjustment with the constraint of the absolute gravity datum. Results indicate that the gravity precision can be improved if all absolute gravity data are used as constraints and if calibration functions of relative gravimeters are modeled within the observation function. Using this data-processing scheme, the mean point gravity precision is better than 12 lgal. After determining the best data-processing scheme, we then process the gravity data obtained in the four measurement campaigns, and obtain gravity changes in three time periods. Results show that the gravity has a remarkable change of more than 50 lgal in the first time period from Apr–May of 2005 to Aug–Sept of 2007. To interpret the large gravity change, a mean water mass change(0.6 m in height) is assumed in the ETOPO1 topographic model. Calculations of the precipitation effect on gravity show that it can reach the same order of the observed gravity change. It is regarded as a main source of the remarkable gravity change in the Dali gravity network, suggesting that the precipitation effect on gravity measurements must be considered carefully.     

Gravity change observed in a local gravity network and its implication to seasonal precipitation in Dali county,Yunnan province,China

This study investigates data-processing methods and examines the precipitation effect on gravity measurements at the Dali gravity network, established in 2005. High-quality gravity data were collected during four measurement campaigns. To use the gravity data validly, some geophysical corrections must be considered carefully. We first discuss data-processing methods using weighted least-squares adjustment with the constraint of the absolute gravity datum. Results indicate that the gravity precision can be improved if all absolute gravity data are used as constraints and if calibration functions of relative gravimeters are modeled within the observation function. Using this data-processing scheme, the mean point gravity precision is better than 12 μgal. After determining the best data-processing scheme, we then process the gravity data obtained in the four measurement campaigns, and obtain gravity changes in three time periods. Results show that the gravity has a remarkable change of more than 50 μgal in the first time period from Apr–May of 2005 to Aug–Sept of 2007. To interpret the large gravity change, a mean water mass change (0.6 m in height) is assumed in the ETOPO1 topographic model. Calculations of the precipitation effect on gravity show that it can reach the same order of the observed gravity change. It is regarded as a main source of the remarkable gravity change in the Dali gravity network, suggesting that the precipitation effect on gravity measurements must be considered carefully.     

连续重力观测潮汐与非潮汐信号提取与处理平台设计与实现

介绍了连续重力观测潮汐与非潮汐信号提取与处理平台的平台架构、数据库、主要功能模块、技术特点与功能特性等。该平台面向中国地震重力站网的大网运维业务需求和海量数据处理需求,以连续重力数据处理中的潮汐信号处理、非潮汐信号处理、时频变换等科学计算为核心,基于大数据技术实现了中国地震重力站网海量数据的自动清理、数据质量自动评估、数据产品自动产出,产出重力潮汐因子、时频图等24种数据产品,提升了连续重力观测数据的应用效能和地震重力站网的运行、管理和服务水平。     

首都圈地区重力变化及其映震能力

对首都圈流动重力观测成果进行非潮汐信息的提取，得到了首都圈地区１９８４—１９９３年期间的重力动态变化图像，认为重力变化与区域构造活动有一定的相关性。以大于２倍均方差作为异常判断标准，统计了北京小网的段差重力异常与地震的对应关系。结果表明：对于测网内发生的４级左右的地震，有异常出现的段差数占总数的１６．９％，对于距测网１００ｋｍ以内发生的５级以上的地震有异常出现的段差数占总数的３７．５％。西北部测环的段差异常出现率比南部和东北部高。