DST－3型井间声波探测和井中声波采油系统在冀东油田的试验

我们研制的ＤＳＴ－３型井间声波探测和井中声波来油系统，用于油气田井间层析成像，分辨率高、可检测度高；用于油层井中震动来油，功率大、作用范围大。该系统在冀东油田投入高１０４－５井和高１０５－５井试验，取得了２１０ｍ井间距、１８５４．１ｍ—１８９０ｍ深部油层上较高质量的井间数据，经ＣＴ处理，获得了井间声波层析成像剖面。高１０４－５井１８６７．６ｍ—１８８４．８ｍ含油层经过１３个小时井下声源震动解堵，这口原已不出油停产的井竟然出现原油自溢流出井口，后下泵抽油恢复产能。试验效果证实了系统的可靠性和实用性，显示该系统将会在油气田开发和开采中发挥特殊作用。     

埕岛油田馆上段油砂体预测

作者以埕岛油田馆上段油砂体对象，介绍了在多井测井约束地震反演技术与效果。文章详细叙述了一维，二维模型的制作和地震小层的标定，测吉约束地震反演，砂体解释，砂体厚度求取，孔，渗，饱参数的预测等研究方法，此法应用于埕岛油田主体北部，钻遇率为１００％，单井误差一般小于２ｍ，单井平均钻遇误差仅为０．２ｍ，预测符合率大于７３％，这一研究对埕岛油田油藏预测及产能建设有良好效果。值得提出了是，砂体厚度大于５ｍ，如     

注采对应井的转向压裂实验研究

曙光油田低渗油藏存在老井低产与注压高注不进的双重难题,需要实施重复压裂提高产能.但常规重复压裂存在改造效果差和快速水窜风险,因而选择在注采对应井开展转向压裂矿场实验研究.通过注采对应井转向压裂方案研究、转向剂筛选及现场实施,取得了良好的增产增注效果.此次实验研究中,注采井均实施转向压裂,拓宽了转向压裂的思路,扩大了转向压裂的应用范围,进一步验证了转向压裂对老井挖潜增产、提高低渗油气田采收率具有重要的意义.     

新疆若羌县红十井金矿地质特征及深部成矿预测

红十井金矿，产于中，上石炭统基性火山岩和火山碎屑岩中，为受断裂带控制的韧性剪切带型金矿床，原认为主矿体南倾，未查明侧伏方向，在体南侧和中，东段布钻，深部未打到矿体，仅求得0．947t金储量。笔者等经地质构造，矿体空间展布形式，矿物热电性和电磁场测深等研究，预测主体北倾，西挺，南西西侧伏，北东东仰起，在主矿体北侧和中、西段布钻，结果在深部和中、西段均打到了矿体，金储量由0．47t增加至10．1t以上，取得了突破性进展。     

溱潼凹陷红庄油田凝析油的油源及成藏期

根据原油和烃源岩中三芳甾烷及甲基三芳甾烷组成特征,结合稳定碳同位素值,分析了苏北盆地溱潼凹陷红庄油田古近系凝析油的油源特征。结果表明,红庄油田凝析油主要来源于溱潼凹陷深部烃源岩,而并非来自于古近系烃源岩。应用储层岩石流体包裹体测试技术,根据油气包裹体特征及盐水包裹体均一化温度,结合地层埋藏史,分析了红庄油田S245井戴一段砂岩储层流体成藏期次。研究表明,与烃类包裹体共生的盐水包裹体均一化温度分布范围主要介于80～110℃,油气充注时期为新近纪中新世晚期,开始充注的时间大约为6 Ma。     

伊拉克米桑油田深井水平井钻井技术

为应对伊拉克M油田深井水平井高压盐膏层盐水侵、下部灰岩地层漏、喷、塌和卡等多种风险,同时尽可能降低钻井成本,提高作业时效,开展了深井水平井研究和实践。根据区块作业经验将深井水平井设计为六开井身结构;针对高压盐膏层地层,采用高密度饱和复合盐钻井液技术;在深部灰岩地层实施了一系列定向井和尾管固井技术。上述技术在64H井成功应用,解决了该区块钻井过程中的技术难题,提高了钻井安全性和时效(打破了M油田深井水平井钻井记录)。     

C.H.矿区井中原生晕的研究

井中原生晕是深部找矿的一种有效化探方法,它不仅可以为找矿提供信息,而且能对研究矿床的成因及其空间赋存状态提供地球化学方面的依据。本文介绍了C．H．矿区井中原生晕的研究方法及其深部再找矿成果。     

江苏台南油田储层地质模型的建立及应用

溱潼凹陷台南油田储层非均质性严重，极大地影响了油田的开发效率。运用变差函数方法，研究井间储层纵，横向变化的特点，用克立金法和条件模拟法建立台南油田储层地质模型。该模型在油田开发调整井部署，注采井设计等方面取得了较好的应用效果。     

东营凹陷牛庄砂岩透镜体油气藏微观充注机理

对牛庄油田牛103井、牛105井、牛106井、牛107井和史11井共计36块流体包裹体样品进行了系统而深入的研究, 系统获取了牛34-C砂体、牛106-D砂体和史10-C砂体的GOI (artz grains containing oil inclusions, 石英颗粒含油包裹体丰度) 数据.运用GOI分析技术和荧光观测技术, 结合试油成果数据, 分析了牛庄油田岩性油气藏的油气微观充注历史.结果表明: 早期充注于史10-C砂体、牛106-D砂体中的早期成熟油气藏, 可能遭受晚期充注高成熟油气的驱替, 并有可能在浅层形成次生油气藏, 而现今赋存于这些岩性油气藏的油气主要为晚期充注的产物; 牛34-C砂体中的油藏为两期油气充注共同作用结果.上述认识对揭示牛庄地区隐蔽油气藏成藏机理具有参考意义.      

红河油田低压易漏地层水平段固井技术

为提高红河油田水平井固井质量,满足后期分段压裂需求,对红河油田水平井固井技术进行了研究。针对红河油田水平段固井技术难点,通过室内和现场试验,优选出了GSJ水泥浆体系,基于实测地层压力与地层破裂压力,进行平衡压力固井设计确定了环空浆体结构,为提高顶替效率,优化了扶正器类型与加放位置,专业软件模拟表明套管居中度＞73%,良好的井眼准备和套管漂浮措施确保了管柱的顺利下入;加长胶塞、树脂滚轮刚性旋流扶正器和关井阀等附件的使用,保证了固井质量。现场应用53口水平井,水泥浆全部返至地面,CBL测井结果表明,固井优良率达81.13%。该固井技术成功应用于红河油田水平井中,保证了固井质量,满足了后期分段压裂的需要。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)