Comprehensive measurement for carrying capacity of resources and environment of city clusters in central China

Studying the carrying capacity of resources and environment of city clusters in the central China has impor-tant practical guidance significance for promoting the healthy,sustainable and stable development of this region.Ac-cording to their influencing factors and reciprocity mechanism,using system dynamics approaches,this paper built a SD model for measuring the carrying capacity of resources and environment of the city clusters in the central China,and through setting different development models,the comprehensive measurement analysis on the carrying capacity was carried out.The results show that the model of promoting socio-economic development under the protection of resources and environment is the optimal model for promoting the harmony development of resources,environment,society and economy in the city clusters.According to this model,the optimum population scale of the city clusters in2020 is 42.80×106 persons,and the moderate economic development scale is 22.055× 1012 yuan(RMB).In 1996-2020,the carrying capacity of resources and environment in the city clusters took on obvious phase-change characteristics.During the studied period,it is basically at the initial development stage,and will come through the development process from slow development to speedup development.     

LAND RESOURCES SURVEY BY REMOTE SENSING AND ANALYSIS OF LAND CARRYING CAPACITY FOR POPULATION IN TUMEN RIVER REGION

ＬＡＮＤ　ＲＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＳ　ＳＵＲＶＥＹ　ＢＹ　ＲＥＭＯＴＥ　ＳＥＮＳＩＮＧ　ＡＮＤ　ＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳ　ＯＦ　ＬＡＮＤ　ＣＡＲＲＹＩＮＧ　ＣＡＰＡＣＩＴＹ　ＦＯＲ　ＰＯＰＵＬＡＴＩＯＮ　ＩＮ　ＴＵＭＥＮ　ＲＩＶＥＲ　ＲＥＧＩＯＮＬＡＮＤＲＥＳＯＵＲ...     

Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for water resources carrying capacity in Tarim River Basin, Xinjiang, China

This paper explores the method of comprehensive evaluation of water resources carrying capacity and sets up an evaluation model applying the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Based on the data of nature, society, economics and water resources of the Tarim River Basin in 2002, we evaluated the water resources carrying capacity of the basin by means of the model. The results show that the comprehensive grades are 0.438 and 0.454 for Aksu and Kashi prefectures respectively, where the current water resources exploitation and utilization has reached a relative high degree and there is only a very limited water carrying capacity, 0.620 for Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, where water resources carrying capacity is much higher, and in between for Hotan Prefecture and Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture. As a whole, the comprehensive grade of the Tarim River Basin is 0.508 and the current water resources exploitation and utilization has reached a relative high degree. Thus, we suggest that the integrated management of the water resources in the basin should be strengthened in order to utilize water resources scientifically and sustainably.     

Risk-based evaluation on geological environment carrying capacity of mountain city - A case study in Suide County,Shaanxi Province,China

With the rapid development and expansion of the cities in China, the carrying capacity of resource and environment has become a huge concern for local governments. From the perspective of geological environment, geological disasters are the main restraining factor of the development in mountain cities. This study was conducted in Suide County of Shaanxi Province with a risk-based approach as followed: a hazard analysis on geological disasters based on a slope geological survey at a scale of 1:10,000; a consequence analysis based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aerial survey data; integrating the results of hazard analysis and consequence analysis, a risk zonation and analysis of geological disasters in urban areas were completed considering urban planning, land use planning and the safety of infrastructure and major engineering. Subsequently, taking the acceptable levels of human life and property risks incurred by landslides as the criteria of the evaluation of geological environment carrying capacity, a comprehensive assessment of current and future urban carrying capacity was conducted based on the results of the risk analyses. Accordingly, the prior development zone, the restricted development zone and the prohibited zone were delineated, with corresponding suggestions for future urban development. The technological and methodological system used in the study can be applied to geological environment carrying capacity evaluation of other important mountain cities, which can provide scientific basis for the optimization of land and space.     

RESEARCH ON THE POPULATION CARRYING CAPACITY OF THE LAND RESOURCES IN THE ECONOMIC AREA OF ZHUJIANG DELTA

The Economic Area of Zhujiang Delta (EAZD for short) includes 14 cities and counties: Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Foshan, Jiangmen, Dongguan, Zhongshan, Huizhou, Huiyang, Huidong, Boluo, Zhaoqing, Gaohui and Sihui. In 1999, the population of EAZD is 22.62 million, 30.99 ％of the total population of Guangdong Province, and the land area is 41 698km2, 23.36％of the total area of Guangdong Province (Guangdong Province Statistics Bureau,2000). EAZD is the important base of many …     

ON REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF RIVER WATER ENVIRONMENT CAPACITY AND STRATEGIES TO CONTROL WATER ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION IN CHINA

ＯＮＲＥＧＩＯＮＡＬＤＩＦＦＥＲＥＮＴＩＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＲＩＶＥＲＷＡＴＥＲＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＣＡＰＡＣＩＴＹＡＮＤＳＴＲＡＴＥＧＩＥＳＴＯＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＷＡＴＥＲＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＰＯＬＬＵＴＩＯＮＩＮＣＨＩＮＡ￥ＷａｎｇＨｕａｄｏｎｇ（王华...     

Overload type and optimization of meadow carrying capacity in Maqin County in the Three-River Source Region,China

Alpine meadows, comprising the main ecosystem of the Three-River Source Region, play an important role in the economic development of western pastoral areas. To determine whether the grazing level was too intense or the nutrient-carrying capacity of the meadows was overloaded, and to offer solutions in Maqin County, Qinghai Province, China,the meadows carrying capacity was determined by combining grass-yield and nutrients data for different seasons across different meadows. The results showed that the levels of crude protein(CP), ether extract(EE), ash, soluble sugars(SS), gas production, and energy value of forage in the summer–autumn grazing meadows were higher than those of the winter–spring meadows. Neutral detergent fiber(NDF) and acid detergent fiber(ADF) of forage in the summer–autumn grazing meadows were lower than those of the winter–spring meadows. We found that no pastures were overloaded with metabolizable energy(ME) for the whole year but digestible crude protein(DCP) was overloaded in winter–spring. And there were differences in the amount carrying capacity(forage yield) of seasonal grazing meadows for the different herds, the overload types were annual overloading(herd A), overloaded in summer–autumn(herd B), overloaded in winter–spring(herd C), and not overloaded(herd D). Compared with the previous grazing mode, theoretical carrying capacity, DCP carrying capacity, and ME carrying capacity of herd A increased by 20, 19, and 27 sheep units, respectively,after optimization; herd B: 36, 31, and 45 sheep units,respectively; herd C: 28, 23, and 44 sheep units,respectively; and herd D: 43, 40, and 61 sheep units,respectively. In the Three-River Source Region and similar alpine pastoral areas, the grassland-livestock structure should be optimized to improve grassland vegetation status and increase the theoretical carrying capacity.     

Quantitative evaluation of Tibet's resource and environmental carrying capacity

This study identifies the carrying state and value of Tibet's resource and environmental carrying capacity. A new theoretical framework is proposed for exploring the resource and environmental carrying capacity based on two perspectives of "growth limit" and "stability of Human-Earth relationship system". On this basis, an ideal growth model that accords with the "short board" effect is established to predict the population limitation. Analytical results show that the holistic state of resource and environmental carrying capacity in Tibet is in jeopardy. From 2010 to 2016, Tibet’s carrying state continued to decline, moreover, the negative forces still overwhelm the positive forces. Although the resource reserves still have room for more population, the environmental capacity and ecological capacity have been overloaded. Meanwhile, the Human-Earth relationship system is in an unstable stage. Three scenarios that respond to different socioeconomic developments are implemented to predict the population limitation of resource and environmental carrying capacity in Tibet; thus, authors argue that Tibet should keep its population size within 4 million around 2025. This research will provide reference for sustainable development and resources and environmental conservation in Tibet.     

A study on marine region carrying capacity and eco-compensation

With the using up of land resources, people are beginning to pay attention to the exploitation of the ocean and the use of marine resources is becoming more and more intense. Whether and how the ocean can be sustainably exploited as it is being exploited is an academic hot topic. This question is addressed in this paper based on the theories of carrying capacity of a marine region and marine eco-compensation, and the amount of the loss is calculated by the method of Time Value of Capital. This thesis covers the study of eco-compensation between two specific subjects with clear compensation objects, and as a defined approach and standard, the proposed method has good operability and positive practical significance in the good use of the ocean.     

Relative sea level rise and its effects on environment and resources in China’s coastal areas

Due to global climate warming and natural and man-made land subsidence etc., relative sea level rise in the coastal plains of China will exceed 2–3 times over the golbal mean value during the first half part of the 21st century. It will result in a series of adverse impacts on evolution of natural environment and socioeconomic development of the coastal area. This paper analyses environmental and resource effects induced by relative sea level rise in China’s coastal areas on the basis of rough estimate of future relative sea level rise. These effects include inundating tidal flat and wetlands and increase in inundated risk of coastal habitable land, exacerbating storm surge. coastal erosion, flooding and salt water intrusion hazards, as well as endangering land, water, tourism and living resources and their utilization.     

软弱地基承载力标准值的确定

通过对多年堆积的填土层3个载荷试验点试验结果之间差异的分析,认为载荷试验确定承载力时要考虑地基土层厚度,在设计时应对下卧层顶面附加应力验算予以重视.     

环境资源与生态系统的关系

采用论述、图解及数学关系式的方法，较深入地分析了资源、环境与生态系统的关系。认为环境要素可分为仅产生污染型影响的环境要素；既可以产生污染型影响又可以导致资源破坏型影响的环境要素；仅产生资源破坏型影响3种类型。自然环境的优劣由组成自然环境各环境要素的环境质量状况和可作为自然环境要素的自然资源的数量多少决定。要实现环境与经济的可持续发展，应该把环境质量和资源利用同时作为衡量环境优劣的因素。     

首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院

首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院始建于1954年的地理专科,1957年建立地理系,2001年成立资源环境与旅游学院。学院下设地理学（师范）、地理信息系统、旅游管理、资源环境与城乡规划四个专业。学院拥有地理科学与技术国家级实验教学示范中心、地理学博士后流动站和自然地理学、地图学与地理信息系统2个博士点以及自然地理学、人文地理学、地图学与地理信息系统、地图制图学与地理信息工程、环境科学与工程、水文学及水资源、第四纪地质学、旅游管理、地理教育等9个硕士点,在校本科生500人,博士生与硕士生300余人。     

首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院

首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院始建于1954年的地理专科,1957年建立地理系,2001年成立资源环境与旅游学院。学院下设地理学（师范）、地理信息系统、旅游管理、资源环境与城乡规划四个专业。学院拥有地理科学与技术国家级实验教学示范中心、地理学博士后流动站和自然地理学、地图学与地理信息系统2个博士点以及自然地理学、人文地理学、地图学与地理信息系统、地图制图学与地理信息工程、环境科学与工程、水文学及水资源、第四纪地质学、旅游管理、地理教育等9个硕士点,在校本科生500人,博士生与硕士生300余人。     

首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院

首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院始建于1954年的地理专科,1957年建立地理系,2001年成立资源环境与旅游学院。学院下设地理学(师范)、地理信息系统、旅游管理、资源环境与城乡规划四个专业。学院拥有地理科学与技术国家级实验教学示范中心、地理学博士后流动站和自然地理学、地图学与地     

首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院

首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院始建于1954年的地理专科,1957年建立地理系,2001年成立资源环境与旅游学院。学院下设地理学(师范)、地理信息系统、旅游管理、资源环境与城乡规划四个专业。学院拥有地理科学与技术国家级实验教学示范中心、地理学博士后流动站和自然地理学、地图学与地理信息系统2个博士点以及自然地理学、人文地理学、地图学与地理信息系统、地图制图学与地理信息工程、环境科学与工程、水文学及水资源、第四纪地质学、旅游管理、地理教育等     

首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院

首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院始建于1954年的地理专科,1957年建立地理系,2001年成立资源环境与旅游学院。学院下设地理学(师范)、地理信息系统、旅游管理、资源环境与城乡规划四个专业。学院拥有地理科学与技术国家级实验教学示范中心、地理学博士后流动站和自然地理学、地图学与地理信息系统2个博士点以及自然地理学、人文地理学、地图学与地理信息系统、地图制图学与地理信息工程、环境科学与工程、水文学及水资源、第四纪地质学、旅游管理、地理教育等9个硕士点,在校本科生500人,博士生与硕士生300余人。     

<镇江市矿产资源开发利用与保护规划>通过省级评审

由江苏省地质调查研究院与镇江市地质矿产局合作,历时8个月完成的<镇江市矿产资源开发利用与保护规划>(以下简称<规划>)于2000年元月下旬通过了省级评审.这是我省继淮阴市后完成的又一个地市级矿业规划.与会专家评委一致认为,<规划>立意新颖,资料丰富,内容翔实,论证有据,成果达到了同类研究国内先进、省内领先水平,可作为镇江市今后矿业开发的依据和参考.     

CENOZOIC VOLCANISM AND GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES IN NORTHEAST CHINA

1 INTRODUCTION Northeast China is located in the eastern marginal part of Eurasian plate. There are about 700 Cenozoic volcanoes and about 50 000km2 volcanic rocks in Northeast China. The Cenozoic volcanism is related to the Pacific plate subducting, back-arc spreading and corresponding marginal continental rifting. About 700 Cenozoic volcanoes in Northeast China are concentrated at some places, so Shuangliao, Keluo, Wudalianchi, Yitong, Shulan, Shangzhi, Longgang, Jingbo Lake, …     

AGRICULTURAL ENVIRONMENT PROBLEMS AND COUNTERMEASURES IN CHINA

China is facing the three major agroenvironment problems, which include: chemical pollution, abnormal ecological balance and natural resource deterioration. These environment problems have depleted part of the comprehensive agricultural productivity and hence become a resistance to the further development of agriculture. A number of measures have been taken for controlling over pollution and ecosystem declining. But for the sustainable development the more efforts are suggested to make, including the more stern measures in the population control, adopting the new techniques of saving natural resources and high efficiency, encouraging a frugal life style as well as paying more attentions to the research on the agricultural environment protection.