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下击暴流是雷暴天气产生的近地面短时强风,具有和大气边界层近地风显著不同的风场特征,其风荷载数值模拟方法也和常规风荷载模拟方法不同。在将下击暴流风速表达为时变的平均风速和调制的非平稳脉动风速之和的前提下,本文采用基于改进的OBV模型(Oseguera and Bowles/Vicroy(OBV))的方法来模拟平均风速,其平均风速直接由改进的OBV模型表达,而不同于已往研究中将平均风速表达为竖向风剖面与时间函数的乘积,并采用结合快速傅里叶变化的谐波叠加法来模拟调制的非平稳脉动风速。改进的OBV模型考虑了下击暴流的风暴中心移动和强度演化的影响,更准确地描述了下击暴流的实际物理过程。通过实例仿真,说明结果准确合理。 相似文献
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下击暴流为雷暴天气中强下沉气流猛烈冲击地面后形成并沿地面传播的近地面短时强风,其风场特征同传统的大气边界层近地风显著不同。近年来下击暴流作用下输电线-塔结构的倒塌破坏事故层出不穷。根据美国、澳大利亚和南非等国的调查,80%以上的输电线-塔的风致倒塌事故主要为下击暴流所引起。而我国对此却少有研究。据此,本文简要介绍了下击暴流在输电线-塔抗风研究中的重要性,并从尺度特征、风速特征、随机特征和压力特征四个方面对下击暴流的基本特征进行了综述。其次,阐述了下击暴流对输电线-塔结构的灾害作用和下击暴流作用下输电线-塔的破坏特征。最后,论述了下击暴流对输电线-塔结构抗风设计的影响。指出了将雷暴强风,尤其是发生频度高、破坏性强的下击暴流纳入到风荷载规范,是非常重要而迫切的工作。 相似文献
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下击暴流是雷暴天气中沿地面传播的一种极具突发性和破坏性的一种强风,对建筑结构的破坏性极强,因此建立准确可靠的下击暴流风速模型对于研究建筑结构在下击暴流作用下的动力响应并减少灾害发生是至关重要的。本文采用随时间变化的向量自回归模型(简称TVAR模型)建立下击暴流的风速模型。采用基函数方法识别TVAR模型参数,即将TVAR模型参数表示为加权时间函数的线性组合。联合使用正向估计和后向估计器估计TVAR模型中的随时间变化参数,计算得到下击暴流随时间变化功率谱密度。模拟得到了下击暴流风速、功率谱密度、相干函数等重要参数。结果表明本文提出的TVAR模型可以准确模拟下击暴流风速场,且计算效率得到了进一步提高。本文提出的TVAR模型为准确进行下击暴流模拟或建立经验模型提供了可靠的方法。 相似文献
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近年来,探地雷达(GPR)凭借其快速、高效、无破损等特点,已经广泛应用于浅地层目标探测中.数值模拟是研究探地雷达电磁波在地下结构中传播规律的有效手段.辛算法是一种保持Hamilton系统总能量不变的时域数值计算方法.本文提出了基于一阶显式辛分块龙格库塔方法的探地雷达数值模拟方法.通过对比本文算法与时域有限差分方法计算结果可知,在同等计算精度下,本文算法可以节省25%的计算时间.并基于本文算法对两个复杂GPR模型进行正演模拟,得到模拟GPR探测wiggle图,这有助于更好的理解和分析实测雷达数据. 相似文献
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超高层建筑风致振动的现场实测与数值模拟 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过采用现场实测和数值模拟方法,对某超高层建筑的风致振动特性进行研究。在建筑物顶部布置结构振动监测系统,对常态风和台风作用下的结构振动响应进行测量,分析加速度、位移幅值和结构的自振特性。以实测动力特性为基础,建立超高层建筑的等效气动弹性模型,采用平均风剖面入口,联合ANSYS和CFX对风场与建筑物的流固耦合振动进行数值模拟,得到不同顶部风速下,建筑物不同高度处的位移时程、气动力系数时程及频谱分析、尾流旋涡脱落模式。将数值模拟结果与现有的实测结果进行对比分析,表明该方法模拟流固耦合振动是可行的,并可为实际超高层建筑的抗风设计和舒适性计算提供技术依据。 相似文献
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一般在进行振动台模型试验时,由于试验引起结构构件损伤,很难在试验前或试验后实测构件或节点的力学参数,但是对于整体弹性模型或部分弹性模型,可以事后对其力学性能进行实测,将实测数据用于修正计算模型,经过修正的计算结果与振动台试验结果有更好对比性。体外预应力自复位框架(EPSCF)是一种新型抗震结构,将预应力筋设置在梁柱构件体外,达到易施工、易监测、可更换的目的。在振动台试验中,EPSCF主体结构保持弹性,耗能装置损坏。振动台试验后,进行EPSCF主体结构低周反复静力试验,实测结构在侧向力作用下的滞回曲线与骨架曲线,并计算出结构每层的抗侧刚度及等效阻尼比。将实测参数代入有限元模型中进行地震响应数值模拟,并与振动台试验结果进行对比。研究结果表明,经过静力试验校准的计算模型能更好地模拟振动台试验结果。 相似文献
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爆破地震动效应的数值模拟分析 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
爆破设计中,场地条件复杂时经验公式的应用受到一定限制。本文采用波动有限元分析方法,研究复杂场地条件下工程爆破时场地的地震动效应,研究爆破地震动特征及衰减规律。根据某重点工程场地岩土参数的原位测试和试验结果,用自行研制的软件包进行场地爆破地震动效应的数值模拟分析,为工程爆破设计及施工前建筑物、仪器设备的加固提供了依据。施工试爆实测结果与本文数值模拟分析给出的结果一致,说明本文方法是可行的,对其它工程也有借鉴作用。 相似文献
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Substructure hybrid simulation has been actively investigated and applied to evaluate the seismic performance of structural systems in recent years. The method allows simulation of structures by representing critical components with physically tested specimens and the rest of the structure with numerical models. However, the number of physical specimens is limited by available experimental equipment. Hence, the benefit of the hybrid simulation diminishes when only a few components in a large system can be realistically represented. The objective of the paper is to overcome the limitation through a novel model updating method. The model updating is carried out by applying calibrated weighting factors at each time step to the alternative numerical models, which encompasses the possible variation in the experimental specimen properties. The concept is proposed and implemented in the hybrid simulation framework, UI‐SimCor. Numerical verification is carried out using two‐DOF systems. The method is also applied to an experimental testing, which proves the concept of the proposed model updating method. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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泥页岩储层储集空间以纳米/微米级的微孔隙和微裂缝为主,结构复杂,加之干酪根和黏土矿物含量较高,并含有一定量的黄铁矿等导电矿物,造成储层导电机理异于常规储层,岩电实验I-S_w曲线呈现非线性特征,阿尔奇公式等传统评价模型适用性较差.针对上述问题,根据实际岩心实验资料,结合随机算法建立三维逾渗模型并通过数值模拟和超松弛迭代法进行求解,分析泥页岩储层非阿尔奇性产生原因以及泥页岩储层电性的影响因素及规律.模拟结果显示,岩石孔隙拓扑结构和形状尺寸、矿物组成以及地层水电阻率等因素均对泥页岩储层电阻率产生不同程度的影响,通过改变上述因素的设定值,可以建立储层电阻率与各因素的单相关关系,并据此建立修正模型,实现储层含水饱和度的计算.该模型在四川某页岩气产区取得了较好的效果,具有良好的应用前景,为利用逾渗模型模拟方法解决油田勘探开发中的复杂问题提供了新思路. 相似文献
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Conclusions When the aseismic test of large scale structure is performed, it is a major performance that the actual response waveform
is identical to the input signal waveform under the condition of analog control, especially when the damping of the structure
tested is small. The rotational motions of the simulator are induced due to the structure inertia, so that it is a key technique
for the simulator design that realizes independent control of the simulator with six degrees of freedom and suppresses the
rotational motions.
In the design, the modern control techniques are applied and a high performance of the three dimensional earthquake simulator
is developed successfully. The simulator can simulate actual earthquake load and it is an important test device for aseismic
research.
This paper is a main project of the Eighth Five Plan, State Seismological Bureau. 相似文献
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M. Hassanien Serror Junya Inoue Muneo Hori Yozo Fujino Tsuyoshi Ichimura 《地震工程与结构动力学》2007,36(11):1561-1579
A software prototype of a simulation service software environment, called DOSE (distributed object‐based software environment), is developed to realize the integrated simulation of an urban system under the risk of urban‐scale hazards such as earthquakes. DOSE infrastructure is built on three basic building blocks, namely: modularity, scalability, and interoperability. In this paper, the application of DOSE to real‐world urban systems is described in order to provide an evidence for DOSE modularity and scalability. An overview of DOSE is presented and then followed by a beverage application to simulate earthquake hazard in an urban system. The urban system is developed for the city of Kobe (Kobe district) with dimensions of 700 × 500 (m) and Bunkyo ward (Tokyo district) with dimensions of 800 × 600 (m) where DOSE simulation participants are identified for each district. The effectiveness of data exchange among different participants through a distributed service exchange network is described as an evidence for DOSE modularity that facilitates the integration process. On the other hand, the effectiveness of processing time when applying the simulation to different urban system sizes and/or using different third‐party applications is described as an evidence for DOSE scalability. The details of the underlying infrastructure of DOSE are beyond the scope of this paper and are presented in an accompanying paper work. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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A series of rainfall simulation experiments was carried out at the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed, Tombstone, Arizona (31° 43′N, 110° 41′W), to observe the speed at which desert pavement surfaces could be re-established following disturbance. The results of these experiments, which consisted of repeated, 5 min rainfall events, demonstrate that pavements can reform within 10 events, which is compatible with observations of the recovery of surfaces under natural rainfall on an annual cycle. A model for the development of pavements by raindrop erosion processes had previously shown the importance of these processes. The rainfall simulation experiments were used to test the general applicability of this model. The model was able to reproduce the general characteristics of the regenerated surfaces and the timing of their development. However, details of the particle size fractions produced were less well simulated by the model. Testing of the sensitivity of the model to the sediment transport parameters suggests that this problem is not related to the soil characteristics, but is more likely to be an indication of a poor understanding of all the feedbacks operating in the raindrop erosion processes. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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本文采用平面有限元数值模拟方法,对阿尔金断裂带及邻区的构造应力场和剪应力集中的能力与阿尔金断裂破裂性质之间的关系进行了探讨。通过与实际资料对比,获得了本区应力场计算模型。通过计算得出本断裂带各部段切应力值不均一,整个断裂带活动不频繁,未来地震的危险区位于西部段。 相似文献