Application of a continuum numerical model for pile driving analysis and comparison with a real case

This paper presents the results of a so-called continuum numerical model for wave propagation analysis and soil-pile dynamic response during pile driving. An axisymmetric finite difference numerical model is developed having solid elements for both pile structure and the soil media surrounding and below the pile. Interface elements are used between the pile shaft and the soil to facilitate the sliding between the two media. The performance of the developed model is verified in two stages. First, a simple rod is subjected to a half sine-wave force function at the rod head and the corresponding reflections of force and velocity (multiplied by impedance) are presented for different boundary conditions at the rod tip. The model is then used for signal matching analysis of a real driven pile for which complete information of soil layering, dynamic test signals, and static load test results are available. The signal matching analysis was performed successfully and comparison between several other predicted and measured parameters proved the reasonably good performance of the developed continuum model.     

Torsional dynamic response of a pile embedded in layered soil based on the fictitious soil pile model

The torsional dynamic response of a pile embedded in layered soil is investigated while considering the influence of the pile end soil. The finite soil layers under the end of the pile are modeled as a fictitious soil pile that has the same cross-sectional area as the pile and is in perfect contact with the pile end. To allow for variations of the modulus or cross-sectional area of the pile and soil, the soil surrounding and below the pile is vertically decomposed into finite layers. Using the Laplace transform and impedance function transfer method, the analytical solution for the dynamic response of the pile head in the frequency domain is then obtained, and the relevant semi-analytical solution in the time domain is derived using the inverse Fourier transform and convolution theorem. The rationality and accuracy of the solution is verified by comparing the torsional dynamic behavior of the pile calculated with the fictitious soil pile with those based on a rigid support model and a viscoelastic support model. Finally, a parametric study is conducted to investigate the influence of the properties and thickness of the pile end soil on the torsional dynamic response of the pile.     

低应变基桩动测资料反演问题多解性与人工拟合的初步探讨

在实际低应变基桩动测资料解释工作中常发生误判,其原因除测试人员素质的主观因素外,客观上存在反演问题多解性亦是重要原因之一。这里从正演理论计算与物理概念上阐明,在一定桩土系统的物性、几何参数与拟合精度条件下,反演问题多解性是客观存在的。并且进一步探讨了进行人工拟合时应遵守的规则,正确运用此规则能尽量避免误判的产生。在此规则指导下,对易发生误判的实测曲线进行人工拟合,进一步说明了反演多解性问题的客观存在。     

Influences of soil consolidation and pile load on the development of negative skin friction of a pile

Negative skin friction (NSF) along a pile caused by soil consolidation is of great concern to engineers. The development of NSF is time-dependent because soil consolidation is also time-dependent. In this paper, a numerical solution is provided for the development of negative skin friction of a pile in nonlinear consolidated soil under different loads on a pile top. A hyperbolic interface model is also developed. This model considers the development of shear strength during soil consolidation and loading–unloading scenarios at the pile–soil interface. One-dimensional nonlinear consolidation theory is invoked to estimate the soil settlement and shear strength. The distributions of NSF and the axial force along the pile are obtained using the differential quadrature method (DQM). The influences of soil consolidation and different pile loads on the negative skin friction of a pile are discussed.     

Development of a three-dimensional soil model for the dynamic analysis of end-bearing pile groups subjected to vertical loads

This paper presents a new analytical model for calculating the steady-state impedance of pile groups subjected to vertical dynamic loads. The derived solution allows considering effects of radially but also vertically propagating soil waves on the soil attenuation function, pile interaction factor, and pile group impedance. The proposed model provides accurate estimates of the soil stress field and of the response of the pile group in the low as well as in the high-frequency range, unlike earlier solutions based on the plane-strain model to describe the soil surrounding the piles, which ignores the vertical soil stress gradient. The latter assumption results in underestimating pile group impedance and overestimating radiation damping for frequencies lower than the cutoff frequencies of the system, which are explicitly captured with the proposed solution.     

冻土动力学参数研究的成果综述与展望

通过对前人的试验成果进行整理, 得到冻土动力学参数随温度、频率、应变幅、含水量和围压等因素的整体变化规律. 整体上看, 冻土的动弹性模量和动剪切模量随温度的降低而增大、随荷载振动频率的增加而增大、随动应变幅的增加而减小、随含水量的增加先增大后减小、随围压的增加而增大; 冻土的泊松比随温度的降低而增大; 冻土的阻尼比随温度的降低而减小, 随频率、应变幅、含水量、围压的变化规律性不强. 通过对试验条件和数值模拟时的实际工况对比分析, 给出如下建议: 动弹性模量和动剪切模量的预估适合用两段式线性模型, -5℃可以作为两段式的分界点; 列车荷载作用下冻土的动力响应属于小应变幅的振动, 冻土动力学参数应选择波速法的试验结果.     

加强钻孔灌注桩的技术、质量和成本分析管理的重要性

钻孔灌注桩施工的技术、质量和成本分析,就是为降低成本而做的许多具体工作.这些具体工作的内容和形式多种多样,本文针对一些重要的问题进行探讨.     

滑带土厚度及含水率对其强度参数的影响

以红、黄两种不同颜色的滑带土为对象,采用室内试验,先对两种颜色的滑带土的基本物理力学性质进行测定,然后以力学性质较差的红色滑带土作为夹层,运用正交设计,研究夹层土的厚度、含水率等对滑带土强度参数内摩擦角()和粘聚力(c)的影响。实验结果显示,夹层土的含水率对滑带土强度参数内摩擦角()和粘聚力(c)影响最大,夹层土的厚度对强度参数也有一定的影响。