晚新生代中国季风气候的形成和发展

本文在综合前人材料的基础上,根据新生代自然环境演变和青藏高原最近几百万年阶段性隆起的古地理事实,提出我国季风初步形成于晚第三纪,全面发展于高原达到约3000m的第四纪中期,即早更新世末至中更新世,中国季风系统形成现代模式.并且季风的强度和影响范围随青藏高原的上升而增大,于全新世发展到现有规模.因此,我国和整个东亚季风的出现,仅可追溯到晚新生代.     

柴达木盆地北部新生代构造运动及其对盐湖演化的影响

新生代以来,印度板块与青藏高原发生了强烈的碰撞,由此而产生的远程效应导致柴达木盆地北缘的阿尔金山脉晚古近纪以后发生了强烈的走滑,并导致盆内构造形式发生了一系列变化。在前人对盆地构造运动、古地磁、古地理及岩石地球化学研究结果的基础上,提出了上新世以来在NE和近NS向共同挤压作用的影响下,盆地内部棋盘格式不均匀隆升控制了柴达木盆地北部湖盆的形成,对后期盐湖沉积产生了重要影响。     

西昆仑山晚新生代沉积的粒度和δ18O含量特征研究

本文在野外考察的基础上,结合室内粒度和石英氧同位素含量分析,讨论了西昆仑山典型地区晚新生代不同时期沉积的搬运机制,没积环境和物质来源对粒度参数和石英δ１８值的影响。     

Interdecadal change of snow depth in winter over the Tibetan Plateau and its effect on summer precipitation in China

This paper obtained a set of consecutive and long-recorded observational snow depth data from 51 observation stations by choosing, removing and interpolating original observation data over the Tibetan Plateau for 1961–2006. We used monthly precipitation and temperature data from 160 stations in China for 1951–2006, which was collected by the National Climate Center. Through calculating and analyzing the correlation coefficient, significance test, polynomial trend fitting, composite analysis and abrupt change test, this paper studied the interdecadal change of winter snow over the Tibetan Plateau and its relationship to summer precipitation and temperature in China, and to tropospheric atmospheric temperature. This paper also studied general circulation and East Asian summer monsoon under the background of global warming.     

Characteristics of land-atmosphere energy and turbulent fluxes over the plateau steppe in central Tibetan Plateau

The land-atmosphere energy and turbulence exchange is key to understanding land surface processes on the Tibetan Plateau(TP). Using observed data for Aug. 4 to Dec. 3, 2012 from the Bujiao observation point(BJ) of the Nagqu Plateau Climate and Environment Station(NPCE-BJ), different characteristics of the energy flux during the Asian summer monsoon(ASM) season and post-monsoon period were analyzed. This study outlines the impact of the ASM on energy fluxes in the central TP. It also demonstrates that the surface energy closure rate during the ASM season is higher than that of the post-monsoon period. Footprint modeling shows the distribution of data quality assessments(QA) and quality controls(QC) surrounding the observation point. The measured turbulent flux data at the NPCE-BJ site were highly representative of the target land-use type. The target surface contributed more to the fluxes under unstable conditions than under stable conditions. The main wind directions(180° and 210°) with the highest data density showed flux contributions reaching 100%, even under stable conditions. The lowest flux contributions were found in sectors with low data density, e.g., 90.4% in the 360° sector under stable conditions during the ASM season. Lastly, a surface energy water balance(SEWAB) model was used to gap-fill any absent or corrected turbulence data. The potential simulation error was also explored in this study. The Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficients(NSEs) of the observed fluxes with the SEWAB model runs were 0.78 for sensible heat flux and 0.63 for latent heat flux during the ASM season, but unrealistic values of-0.9 for latent heat flux during the post-monsoon period.     

兴化XH-1孔记录的苏北盆地晚新生代沉积体系及环境变化过程

通过对位于苏北盆地中部的兴化XH-1孔350.08 m连续岩芯的古地磁测年,确定了年代地层序列.在此基础上,对钻孔沉积物进行了以粒度特征为重点,包括矿物组成、结构、沉积构造和沉积组合在内的综合岩相古地理分析,划分出8个沉积相和19个沉积亚相.并根据沉积相的组合特征,将苏北盆地3.20Ma以来的沉积环境演化划分为沉降盆地...     

The effect of Tibetan uplift on the formation and preservation of Tertiary lacustrine source-rocks in eastern China

The Cenozoic continental sedimentary basins in eastern China are rich in lacustrine source rocks. Based on their paleogeographic location and fossils, these basins can be grouped into inland and near-shore basins. Before the collision of India and Eurasia about 45 million years ago, the inland basins were dominated by arid climates that were unfavorable for the substantial preservation of oil source rocks. In contrast, the contemporary near-shore basins experienced alternating arid and humid climates, probably induced by sea level changes, which produced conditions that favoured the formation and preservation of oil source rocks. With the rise of the Tibetan Plateau, the Asian monsoon was initiated or significantly intensified in the Late Eocene. This, in turn, changed the arid climates in the inland basins to humid or to alternating arid and humid, providing ideal conditions for the formation and preservation of lacustrine source rocks in the inland basins. The evidence suggests that Tibetan uplift played a crucial role in the generation and preservation of the Cenozoic lacustrine source rocks in eastern China.This is the third paper in a series of papers published in this issue on Climatic and Tectonic Rhythms in Lake Deposits.     

The potential of intra-regional supply and demand of agricultural products in an urban fringe area: A case study of the Kanto Plain,Japan

Geografisk Tidsskrift—Danish Journal of Geography 109(2):147–159, 2009

The increasingly global reach of industrial agricultural production has progressively distanced consumers and producers. Not surprisingly, opposition to the global food system commonly seeks to re-localize agriculture by cutting the distance between agricultural production and consumption. Analysis of potential foodsheds can provide an important basis upon which to recover local systems of production and consumption. Here, we examine the potential for municipal and micro-level foodsheds in the greater Tokyo mega-region. Similar to other large cities in Asia, the urban fringe of Tokyo has extensive areas of mixed urban and agricultural land-uses which are often seen as problematic, but which may have many merits from the standpoint of sustainable foodsheds. Indeed, our results indicate that many areas on the urban fringe of the Tokyo mega-region bear potential to meet demand for both rice and vegetables within their borders. Moreover, many people could meet their food needs within a short distance of their residence. These results demonstrate the need to examine the potential for micro-level foodsheds on the urban fringe.