西藏阿里地区的腹足类化石

采自西藏阿里地区五县市几个层位的腹足类化石分属早奥陶世、早石炭世、早二叠世、早白垩世(多数)、晚白垩世(少数)及第三纪等时限;共计31种(包括12个新种、3个相似种、8个未定种),归入26属(包括1新属),分属14科。它们的地理分布及与它区的对比也略予论述。     

鲁西南莱芜、蒙阴、平邑盆地早第三纪地层的划分和对比

鲁西南地区分布着近东西向大致平行排列的早第三纪盆地群。在蒙阴、莱芜盆地早第三纪沉积称为官庄组，在平邑盆地称为卞桥组。依据沉积物特征和沉积旋回都能分为下段、中段和上段。通过对哺乳动物、介形类、轮藻、腹足类和孢粉等化石的研究可确定中段的沉积时代为早始新世，通过对轮藻、介形类和哺乳类动物的研究能确定下段和上段分别为始新世早期和中期。在卞桥组中段和官庄组中段发现介形类Ｃｙｐｒｉｄｅａ属，该属起源于晚侏罗世或早白垩世，在早白垩世繁盛，晚白垩世逐渐衰落，灭绝于晚古新世或早始新世，在早始新世沉积中的发现，是迄今在我国发现的最高层位。     

内蒙古北山地区三道明水一带早白垩世赤金堡组沉积特征及时代厘定

在进行内蒙古基东地区1/5万区域地质调查项目实施中,对内蒙古北山地区三道明水一带原来划归上侏罗统赤金堡群进行剖面测制,发现其为一套成熟度较低的粉灰色、绿灰色细碎屑岩与紫灰色粗碎屑岩组合。在该套地层中发现了大量的双壳类、腹足类、介形类、植物类及大型爬行动物类等生物化石,并对其进行了组合的划分。双壳类:Sphaerium cf.jeholense(Grabau)-Arguniella subcentralis Chernyshev组合,时代为早白垩世;腹足类:Lioplacodes gansuensis Pan-Sinorificium yumenensis Guo组合,时代为早白垩世;介形类:CyprideaMongolocypris-Lycopterocypris组合,多出现于早白垩世;苏铁类:Nilssonia sinensis YabeOishi组合,时代为早白垩世;银杏类:Ginkgoites sp.组合,具有代表性,时代为早白垩世。通过综合分析,认为此套地层应归属为早白垩世。     

西藏日喀则地区恰布林组地层及构造背景分析

在恰布林组硅质岩砾石中获得较丰富的放射虫化石, 共鉴定放射虫化石１３ 属１５ 种,放射虫化石的时代为早白垩世早阿普第期, 根据地层上下关系, 将恰布林组的时代限定为早白垩世晚阿普第期。在此基础上, 结合恰布林组岩石组合特征、古水流特征、化石组合特征以及区域构造, 得出恰布林组的物源来自北部的火山弧和早白垩世形成的蛇绿岩混杂岩体     

内蒙古自治区额济纳旗雅干地区下白垩统巴音戈壁组化石新发现

在内蒙古银额盆地西北部洪果尔吉乌拉山间盆地内首次发现早白垩世叶肢介化石1属2种,包括：Diestheria yixianensis Chen,Diestheria longinqua Chen,植物化石5个属(种)Podozamites sp.,Equisetites sp.,Baiera sp.,Nilssonia sp.,Czekanowskia sp.。上述叶肢介化石均为热河生物群重要分子,植物化石也是中生代晚三叠世—晚白垩世的常见分子,确定这套地层时代为早白垩世,划归巴音戈壁组。上述化石的发现,丰富了银额盆地中生代生物地层学研究内容,为盆地内早白垩世地层对比提供了最新参考资料。     

安徽庐枞地区中生代火山岩系的时代及其意义

<正> 庐枞地区的中生代火山岩系自老而新分为:龙门院组、砖桥组、双庙组、浮山组。按古生物证据,砖桥组所含瓣鳃类和腹足类化石属晚侏罗世,叶肢介、轮藻、植物与孢粉多为早白垩世组合,介形虫类化石为晚侏罗—早白垩世。地质力学所(1979)、安徽区调队(1979)、南京地矿所岩石组(1978)、地科院地矿所(1978)、贵阳地化所(1977)、安徽地矿局327地质队(1977)等单位均将砖桥组、龙门院组及与其相应地层划归侏罗系上统。刘鸿     

山东莱阳盆地莱阳组时代讨论

山东莱阳盆地莱阳组为一套典型河流—湖泊相沉积，含丰富的多门类化石，其中常见的有昆虫、鱼、叶肢介、介形类、软体动物、植物及孢粉化石。莱阳组时代自从２０年代被定为早白垩世之后，我国古生物和地层学家一直没有达成共识，６０—７０年代流行莱阳组属晚侏罗世的理论，８０年代以来流行早白垩世说。从古生物特征和盆地演化等方面进行研究后，认为莱阳组水南段及其以上层位属早白垩世，马耳山段、止凤庄段及逍仙庄段的时代早于早白垩世。     

大兴安岭中段东坡龙江盆地早白垩世植物化石新材料

报道大兴安岭中段东坡龙江盆地早白垩世18属31种植物大化石和18属21种孢粉化石。该植物群以有节类、真蕨类、银杏类及茨康类最为丰富,其次为苏铁类、本内苏铁类及化石果类,时代可能为早白垩世早中期。根据植物特征及伴生的热河生物群生物特点,龙江盆地早白垩世总体上可能处于温暖湿润的季节性变化的暖温带,并伴有短暂的干旱、半干旱气候,古环境应为沼湖环境,并在湿地和山坡上生长着不同的生物群落。     

湖南衡阳盆地东塘组的时代及白垩系与第三系的界线

湖南衡阳盆地东塘组含有古新世的介形虫、孢粉、轮藻及早第三纪的腹足类口盖化石。介形虫属于早、中古新世组合,位于晚白垩世及晚古新世组合序列之间。近年报道的产于东塘组底部的晚白垩世双壳类、孢粉、恐龙蛋等化石,经观察皆赋存于上白垩统戴家坪组。从而证实,东塘组的地质时代为古新世,白垩系与第三系的界线在戴家坪组与东塘组之间。     

辽西义县组蝾螈类化石新发现

在辽西葫芦岛市附近的早白垩世义县组地层中发现1处新的蝾螈化石点。新台门一带出露的湖相沉积地层主要是一套灰绿色安山岩与紫色泥质粉沙岩的互层。该层中除了产蝾螈化石外，还有诸如Ephemeropsis，Eosestheria，Liaoningocladus等其他动植物化石。过去发现的Liaoxitriton化石点是在同一地区比新化石层稍高的层位中发现的。该类蝾螈化石曾报道产于早白垩世的九佛堂组，但是新近的野外调查表明，该化石点所在层位也属义县组。     

山东平邑官庄组的非海栖软体动物化石

官庄组按岩性分为上、中、下三段。软体动物化石产于该组中段。主要化石计有双壳类1属1种;腹足类11属14种,其中包括1个新属、4个新种和1个新亚种。     

西藏札达盆地腹足类组合及生物地层学

在西藏札达盆地古格组第四岩性段发现大量腹足类化石:Adelinella regularis Yü(规则小隐螺)、Velutinopsis spiralis Yü(旋纹似天鹅绒螺)、Radix zandaensis sp.nov.(札达萝卜螺)、Hip peutis cf.minor(Ping)(微小圆扁卷螺),称为小隐螺-似天鹅绒螺组合。根据这些腹足类化石在西藏西南部的分布特征,认为它们是分布于北喜马拉雅山间断陷盆地的一个腹足类组合,介于西藏犀类化石与杜氏珠蚌-河北珠蚌层之间,时代处于晚上新世-早更新世之间。对比现生种属研究认为,札达盆地腹足类应生活于近岸的浅湖环境。孢粉分析认为化石层形成时为温暖潮湿的森林-草原环境,化石层下部的三趾马生活在温暖而显干旱的灌丛草原环境,可知札达盆地由托林组至古格组,古气候经历了由温暖干旱向温暖潮湿的转变过程。     

Morphological Variation of Conodonts Platyvillosus from Yinkeng Formation in Chaohu, Anhui Province, China

A preciously undescribed Lower Triassic sequence of a series of multiple cycles of mud-lime rocks, with the argillaceous content decreasing upward while limestone becomes the dominant lithology in the upper part, contains abundant fossils such as conodonts, ammonoids and bivalves. The Yinkeng Formation is the oldest Triassic unit represented, and it conformably overlies dark-gray thin-bedded argillaceous silicalite and intercalated grayish illite clay interbeds of the Upper Permian of Dalong Formation.Conodont samples collected from west Pingdingshan Section, one of four measured sections in Chaoha,yielded abundant Lower Triassic conodonts from the middle part of the Yinkeng Formation. Most interesting and unmaml is the abundant occurrence of Platyvillosus in seven samples from the Flemingites-Euflemingites bearing (Smithian) mudstone, rhyolitic clay and limestone part of the section. The associated conodonts are Neospathodus dieneri type 1, N. dieneri type 2. N. dieneri type 3, N. cristagalli, N. waagenieowaageni (nov. subsp. ), N. waagenielongata (nov. subsp. ), N. waageniwaageni,N. sp. G (nov. sp. ), N. sp. L (nov. sp. ), N. sp. H (nov. sp. ), N. alberti, N. novaehollandiae,N. peculiaris, N. aff. discretus, N. conservativus, Parachirognathodus sp. and ramiform elements.The species Platyvillosus. which is restricted to a 1.32 m interval, reveals great variety in shape and denticle ornamentation pattern on the platform. The morphological study of the samples indicates that all speciemens with denticles on the upper surface can be included in intraspecific variation in Platyvillosus costatus (Staesche). Platyvillosus hamadai (Koike), marked by smooth upper surface, also appears to be connected by transitional forms in some samples. The fauna corresponds closely with that of the Taho limestone in Japan, although the depositional environments differ. The associated lithologies of the Yinkeng Formation within Chaohu area reflect a deeper and low energy remaining basin of the northern edge of the Lower Yangtze block.     

Non-marine gastropods from the Cretaceous–Paleogene transition in the Pingyi Basin,eastern China

Our results present a taxonomic and palaeoecological study on non-marine gastropods from the latest Cretaceous to Paleocene deposits of the Pingyi Basin, Shandong Province, eastern China. These gastropods are systematically described: three species belonging to three genera including Physa dongtaiensis Gu, 1989, Hydrobia datangensis Yü, 1977, and the newly established species Cyathopoma pingyiensis sp. nov.; two indeterminata genera and species including Truncatelloidea gen. et sp. indet., and Pomatiopsidae gen. et sp. indet. Among them, Truncatelloidea gen. et sp. indet. and Cyathopoma pingyiensis sp. nov. are the dominant species with the longest record. Cyathopoma pingyiensis, sp. nov. is the earliest representative of this widely distributed Asian extant genus. Sedimentological facies analysis of the gastropod-bearing beds suggested that Truncatelloidea gen. et sp. indet. lived in a small pond with a river inlet and a shallow lake, while Ph. dongtaiensis, ?Pomatiopsidae gen. et sp. indet, and ?H. datangensis only thrived in the shallow lake. Cyathopoma pingyiensis sp. nov. inhabited the land area around the shallow lake. Our results showed that no significant species change of the gastropod fauna across the K/Pg (Cretaceous/Paleogene) boundary was observed in the Pingyi Basin.     

吉林省中部早石炭世杜内期的腕足动物化石

描述的化石是采自吉林省中部杜内期北通气沟组,共17个属24个种,包括3个新种。这个动物群的特点与我国南方杜内期动物群的特点不同,而与美国密西西比系金德胡克组、苏联库茨纳兹盆地和莫斯科盆地杜内期的动物群非常相像。类似的动物群在新疆、甘肃和内蒙等省和自治区均已发现。吉中地区杜内期腕足动物群,属于北美—西伯利亚古生物地理区系。     

边眼虫属在新疆西准噶尔地区的发现

在新疆西准噶尔地区塔尔巴哈台山首次发现边眼虫属的一个新种,定名为Plagiolariaeminensis Guo (Sp.nov.).化石产于中泥盆统库鲁木迪组下部.     

新疆东昆仑山早二叠世四射珊瑚新资料

新疆东昆仑山阿其克库勒地区下二叠统下部碧云山组,上部喀尔瓦组,两组均含珊瑚、(竹蜓)及腕足化石.对其中的四射珊瑚化石进行了描述.研究结果,该区早二叠世的珊瑚动物群属暖水型的Iranophyllum动物群.推测碧云山组相当栖霞组,喀尔瓦组相当茅口组.     

李氏叶肢介（Leaid）在内蒙古上二叠统陶海营子组 的发现及其意义

2009年8月,在内蒙古大兴安岭地区扎鲁特旗陶海营子重新测制了上二叠统陶海营子组剖面。自下而上共发现3层叶肢介（包括2层李氏叶肢介类Leaid化石）,经鉴定为单脊型与双脊型的新种类。在中国,二叠纪的李氏叶肢介类（Leaid）化石前人仅在甘肃肃南县上二叠统肃南组发现过,计2属3种[1],其后一直未见报道。这类化石在大兴安岭地区的发现,填补了该时期中国东部李氏叶肢介类（Leaid）分布的空白,为该时期地层的区域对比和时代确定提供了重要的化石证据,具有重要的地层意义。同时,为进一步探讨它们的分布、迁徙、古生态、生物地理区系等增加了实际材料,具有古地理和古构造学上的理论意义。     

Early Triassic (Late Griesbachian) gastropods from South China (Shanggan, Guangxi)

An Early Triassic (Griesbachian) gastropod fauna is reported from South China (Shanggan, Guangxi) and consists of four species: Bellerophon abrekensis, Wannerispira shangganensis Kaim & Nützel sp. nov., Naticopsis sp., and Palaeonarica guangxinensis Kaim & Nützel sp. nov. The taxon Wannerispira Kaim & Nützel nom. nov. replaces Pagodina Wanner non Van Beneden. This is the first report of Bellerophon abrekensis from China. Previously, it was only known from its type locality in Far East Russia. Wannerispira shangganensis sp. is the first certain Triassic report of the Permian subfamily Neilsoniinae and represents a holdover taxon. The neritimorph Palaeonarica is reported for the first time from the Early Triassic and this is the oldest occurrence of this genus. Compared with other Griesbachian gastropods, the present material is relatively well preserved so that the taxonomy rests on rather firm ground. Very few nominal taxa have been reported from the Griesbachian and therefore the present report presents substantial additional information about gastropods from the aftermath of the end-Permian mass extinction event. The gastropod association from Shanggan shares one species with Primorye, Far East Russia (B. abrekensis). Two species, W. shangganensis and P. guangxinensis, closely resemble specimens reported from the Griesbachian of Oman. This could suggest that Griesbachian gastropod faunas of the Tethys were rather homogenous although the data are still scarce.     

甘肃省东乡族自治县龙担黄土底部新发现的哺乳动物群初步报道

龙担哺乳动物群发现于甘肃省东乡族自治县的早更新世黄土底部。此前我国早更新世的哺乳动物化石大多发现于河-湖相地层中,在黄土中极少发现,而且主要在六盘山以东。在龙担哺乳动物群中还发现了灵长类化石,这在我国西北地区尚属首次。龙担哺乳动物群产于黄土底部约30m的地层中,最低的层位距“底板”(积石组砾岩)仅约3m。化石相当丰富,其中有不少新的种类。目前已发现的化石共21种,大体可以分为3类:1)与泥河湾哺乳动物群相同或很接近的;2)与泥河湾哺乳动物群相比,在进化水平上稍低,因而可能代表较早地质时代的;3)在泥河湾哺乳动物群中没有发现过的。龙担哺乳动物群的地质时代可能比泥河湾者稍早,可能约2MaB.P.。其组成倾向于表明,当时该地区周围还有相当面积的森林覆盖。