芙蓉锡矿田骑田岭花岗岩黑云母矿物化学组成及其对锡成矿的指示意义

芙蓉锡矿田骑田岭复式岩体主要由早阶段角闪石黑云母花岗岩和晚阶段黑云母花岗岩组成.电子探针分析结果表明角闪石黑云母花岗岩中的黑云母属于铁黑云母,黑云母花岗岩中的黑云母属于铁叶云母.相对于黑云母花岗岩,角闪石黑云母花岗岩中黑云母的MgO、TiO2含量偏高,Al2O3含量偏低.矿物化学研究结果显示,角闪石黑云母花岗岩中黑云母的结晶温度、氧逸度(logfO2)分别为680℃～740℃、-16.00～-15.31,黑云母花岗岩中黑云母的结晶温度、氧逸度分别为530℃～650℃、-19.20～-17.50.从角闪石黑云母花岗岩到黑云母花岗岩,岩浆结晶温度和氧逸度逐渐降低.与花岗岩有关的共存流体性质的研究发现,与角闪石黑云母花岗岩共存的热液流体log(fH2O/fHF)fluid,log(fH2O/fHCl)fluid,log(fHF/fHCl)fiuid值分别为4.22～4.39,2.78～3.24,-1.82～-1.73,而与黑云母花岗岩共存的热液流体log(fH2O/fHF)fluid,log(fH2OfHCl)fluid,log(fHF/fHCl)fluid值分别为3.27～3.53,2.85～3.22,-0.75～-0.22,可见与两种岩石类型共存热液流体的性质存在明显差异,且热液中Cl、Sn含量变化与岩浆结晶分异指数呈正相关关系.骑田岭岩体从角闪石黑云母花岗岩到黑云母花岗岩,随着岩浆的演化.岩浆结晶期后分异出的热液流体向富Cl和Sn方向演化.芙蓉锡矿田的成矿流体应主要来源于黑云母花岗岩岩浆结晶期后分异出的岩浆热液.     

华南与花岗岩有关的一种新类型的锡成矿作用：矿物化学、元素和同位素地球化学证据

华南是我国最重要的锡成矿省,产有大量的与花岗岩有关的大型-超大型锡多金属矿床。近年来,在湘南新探明一个超大型锡矿床-芙蓉锡矿床,其中,最重要的锡矿化产在骑田岭花岗岩体西南部的破碎蚀变带内,与绿泥石化密切相关。骑田岭花岗岩富含角闪石,具有较高的氧逸度,显示出准铝的地球化学特征,在花岗岩形成过程中发生过壳-幔岩浆混舍作用。这些特点都表明骑田岭花岗岩并不同于一般的S型含锡花岗岩,而显示出A型花岗岩的地球化学特征。同位素定年分析表明,芙蓉锡矿床主成矿阶段的形成时代要晚于骑田岭花岗岩侵位年龄近20Ma。氢、氧同位素分析表明,发生过水-岩反应的大气降水在成矿流体中占有很重要的地位。硫同位素分析表明花岗岩和地层都提供了成矿所需的硫。因此,用花岗岩浆结晶分异过程中分离出富锡的岩浆流体来形成锡矿的传统模式并不适合于解释芙蓉锡矿的形成。我们认为芙蓉锡矿的形成主要与骑田岭花岗岩的绿泥石化蚀变有关,循环的大气降水与花岗岩发生水-岩反应,富锡的铁镁矿物在蚀变成绿泥石的同时释放出Sn和Ti等金属到流体中,当物理化学条件改变时,沉淀形成锡矿体。这是一种比较独特的锡矿化模式,丰富了华南与花岗岩有关的锡矿化类型。     

湖南骑田岭地区锡矿床特征及找矿前景

骑田岭地区锡矿找矿的突破，是近两年国土资源重大调查取得的重大成果。区内锡矿产于骑田岭复式花岗岩体南部以及接触带，多呈脉状产出。锡矿类型以云英岩化花岗岩型、蚀变斑状花岗岩型、蚀变构造带型为主，具有矿体厚度碱、蚀变强、品位较高、矿石利用性能好的特点。现已估算锡资源量约60万吨，还有成矿条件类似的北部及同一构造岩浆岩带的其他地区，进一步开展该地区国土资源大调查将会扩大现有的找矿成果。     

Re-Os Dating of Molybdenite from the Yaogangxian Tungsten Deposit, South China, and Its Geological Significance

The Yaogangxian tungsten deposit is located in the central part of the Nanling polymetailic metallogenic province. The orebodies occur as veins. Wolframite and molybdenite are the dominant ore minerals. Two samples were selected for molybdenite Re-Os dating in order to elucidate the timing of mineralization. Re-Os datings of molybdenite from quartz-woiframite veins and disseminated in granite yield ages of 153±7 Ma and 163.2±4.2 Ma respectively. The results indicate that the Yaogangxian tungsten deposit is the product of large-scale metallogenesis in the middle Yanshanian period in South China, and that the evolution from late magmatic to postmagmatic hypothermal mineralization occurred at about 10 Ma. The rhenium content of molybdenite in the Yaogangxian tungsten deposit suggests that the ore materials originated from the crust.     

华南地区三叠纪矿床地质特征、成矿规律和矿床模型

华南以中生代成矿大爆发为特征,燕山期矿床成矿规律的研究程度较高,近年来发现越来越多的三叠纪矿床,但三叠纪矿床的分布规律和矿床模型是值得关注的重要科学问题。本文基于最新研究成果,论述华南三叠纪矿床地质特征和矿床类型,提出成矿规律,初步地建立成矿动力学模型。华南地区三叠纪矿床分布较为广泛,目前确定的46个三叠纪矿床分布于5个区带,形成于晚三叠世 (230~200 Ma),被划分为花岗岩有关的钨锡多金属矿床、侵入岩有关的远端金锑矿床、卡林型金矿床和MVT型铅锌矿床4种主要类型。在空间上,华南三叠纪矿床存在成矿元素分带性,由西向东依次为MVT型铅锌矿床、卡林型金矿床、侵入岩有关的远端金锑矿床、花岗岩有关的钨锡多金属矿床。华南5个成矿区带普遍存在印支期和燕山期的叠加成矿作用,在南岭西段桂北苗儿山—越城岭和滇东南老君山地区还发育加里东和印支期的叠加成矿作用。     

湖南大义山晚侏罗世富硼型成锡矿A型花岗岩成因及地质意义

位于南岭成矿带和钦-杭成矿带(简称钦-杭带)交汇部位的湖南大义山锡矿是南岭地区典型的富硼型锡多金属矿床。为厘清大义山锡矿成矿动力学背景,深化南岭地区钨锡矿成矿机制,本文以大义山成锡矿黑云母二长花岗岩为研究对象,开展了系统的岩石学和地球化学研究。研究发现,大义山锡矿具有富硼的特征,成矿黑云母二长花岗岩发育电气石"囊包",电气石在蚀变矿物中广泛发育,并与锡矿化紧密共生,这些特征表明成矿花岗岩具有富硼的特征,并发生了岩浆热液流体出溶。地球化学分析显示,黑云母二长花岗岩具有较高含量的Al2O3(13.67%~14.00%)、Na2O (3.65%~3.90%)、K2O (3.49%~4.24%)以及较高的FeOT/(FeOT+MgO)比值(0.95~0.97)、FeOT/MgO比值(18.75~32.69)、A/CNK比值(1.15~1.26)和10000×Ga/Al比值(3.48~4.08),较低的CaO (0.54%~0.59%)、P2O5(0.04%~0.06%)含量和锆饱和温度(716~725℃)。球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分具有明显的四分组效应,强烈的Eu负异常,微量元素富集Rb、Th、U、Ta和Nd等元素,亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、Eu等元素。表明成矿花岗岩具有高分异的特征,与A2型花岗岩特征相近。Nd-Hf同位素分析显示,黑云母二长花岗岩与南岭地区成锡矿花岗岩及钦-杭带A型花岗岩同位素特征基本一致,表明岩浆主要来源于中元古代壳源物质熔融,并有幔源物质的加入。综合本文及前人研究成果,推测南岭地区燕山期伸展作用与Izanagi俯冲板块开天窗或撕裂有关,在此背景下,软流圈物质上涌,引发下地壳物质熔融,形成了富硼的壳幔源混合型花岗质岩浆。岩浆中较高的硼含量促使岩浆发生强烈的结晶分异,并有利于晚期锡矿的形成。     

南秦岭关子沟铅锌矿床成因：流体包裹体和H-O-S-Pb同位素证据

陕西旬阳盆地南缘是南秦岭中部重要的铅锌成矿带,带内发育一大批赋存在志留系中的铅锌矿床。为了进一步厘清区域内铅锌成矿的物质来源和成因机制,文章选取区内典型的关子沟铅锌矿床开展流体包裹体和H-O-S-Pb同位素研究。关子沟铅锌矿体主要以层状、似层状赋存于双河镇组二段和三段千枚岩地层中,根据矿物组构和穿插关系,将成矿过程划分为3个阶段：石英-黄铁矿阶段（Ⅰ阶段）、石英-多金属硫化物阶段（Ⅱ阶段）和石英-碳酸盐（Ⅲ阶段）。其中,Ⅱ阶段原生流体包裹体均一温度为215~393℃,盐度w（NaCl_eq）为2.2‰~10.1‰; Ⅲ阶段均一温度为124~255℃,盐度w（NaCl_eq）为1.8‰~6.6‰,具有中高温、中低盐度的成矿流体特征。石英H-O同位素结果（δ¹⁸O_H2O值为6‰~10.9‰,δD值为-82.9‰~-73.6‰）显示成矿流体主要为海水和有机水,伴有大气降水的混合。原位S同位素显示硫化物δ³⁴S值变化范围为4.63‰~8.73‰,暗示主要硫化物的S源于海相硫酸盐的热化学还原,志留系黑色岩系中的有机质提供了还原剂。矿石硫化物的²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb为17.8254~17.9470,²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb为15.6233~15.6396,²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb为38.1706~38.3143,指示Pb主要源于沉积盖层。综合矿床地质特征、流体包裹体及H、O、S、Pb同位素特征,认为关子沟矿床为热水沉积成因,志留系裂陷盆地内热水沉积作用控制着铅锌成矿过程。     

桂东北钨锡稀有金属矿床的成矿类型、成矿时代及其地质背景

在大地构造位置上,桂东北地区位于江南造山带与华南褶皱带的过渡部位,具有独特的构造地理位置.在精细测试一系列典型矿床及其有关的花岗岩年代学的基础上,本文根据矿床类型、成矿元素组合,把该地区矿床分为6个成矿系统:①与志留纪花岗岩有关W-Mo矿;②与二叠世花岗岩有关Pb-Zn矿床;③与晚三叠世花岗岩有关W-Mo和Sn-Nb-Ta矿床;④与中—晚侏罗世花岗岩有关的W-Sn矿床;⑤与白垩世花岗岩有关的W-Sn矿床;⑥与花岗岩有关的铀矿.这些矿床的形成与不同时期构造-岩浆演化密切相关,主要形成于同碰撞挤压环境或者碰撞后伸展环境.     

Strontium and Lead Isotopic Study of the Carbonate‐hosted Xujiashan Antimony Deposit from Hubei Province,South China: Implications for its Origin

The Xujiashan antimony deposit is hosted by marine carbonates of the Upper Sinian Doushantuo and Dengying Formations in Hubei Province, South China. Our Sr isotopic data from pre‐ and syn‐mineralization calcites that host the mineralization show that the pre‐mineralization calcite displays a narrow range of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios (0.7096 to 0.7097), similar to the ratios of the Sinian seawater, and high Sr concentrations (2645 to 8174 ppm). In contrast, the syn‐mineralization calcite exhibits low Sr concentrations (785 to 2563 ppm) and high ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios (0.7109 to 0.7154), which is interpreted as the result of addition of radiogenic strontium during the antimony mineralization. The study of Sr isotopes suggests that their Sr component to the pre‐mineralization calcite derived directly from the host rocks (i.e. the Sinian marine carbonates), while radiogenic ⁸⁷Sr for the syn‐mineralization calcite derived from the underlying Mesoproterozoic Lengjiaxi Group basement through hydrothermal fluid circulation along the major fault that hosts the mineralization. The Pb isotopic ratios of stibnite are subdivided into two groups (Group A and Group B), Group A is characterized by higher radiogenic lead, with ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 18.874 to 19.288, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 15.708 to 15.805, and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 38.642 to 39.001. Group B shows lower lead isotope ratios (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 17.882 to 18.171, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 15.555 to 15.686, and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 37.950 to 38.340). The single‐stage model ages of Group A are mainly negative or slightly positive values (‐258 to 3 Ma), while those of Group B range from 636 to 392 Ma, with an average of 495 ± 65 Ma. In addition, there are positive linear correlations among Pb isotopic ratios. These results suggest that the lead of Group A stibnite was mainly derived from the Sinian marine carbonates, and that of Group B stibnite from the underlying Lengjiaxi Group basement. This conclusion is consistent with the results of the Sr isotopes. These results indicate that the Xujiashan deposit is not syngenetic sedimentary and in situ reworked origin as previously considered. The metal (mainly Sb) of this deposit was not only derived from the Sinian host rocks, but also partly derived from the underlying Mesoproterozoic Lengjiaxi Group basement.     

滇西九顶山铜钼矿花岗斑岩成因:LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素制约

对滇西九顶山铜钼矿床主要的含矿花岗斑岩开展了系统的年代学、岩石地球化学以及全岩Sr-Nd-Hf同位素的分析工作。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,九顶山花岗斑岩成岩年龄为34.5~34.9 Ma,与已有的成矿年龄(33.9~35.3 Ma)一致或略早于成矿年龄,处在滇西新生代富碱岩浆活动高峰期内(45~30 Ma),属于青藏高原碰撞造山带的晚碰撞转换成矿作用(40~26 Ma)的产物。详细的岩石地球化学研究表明,研究区花岗斑岩有高硅(Si O2=62.86%~71.57%)、高钾(K2O/Na2O=1.64~2.78)和富碱(K2O+Na2O=8.98%~11.28%)的特点,属于钾玄岩系列岩石。岩体轻稀土元素富集(LREE/HREE=4.84~7.64),具有轻微的负铕异常(δEu=0.82~0.93),富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Th、U)和亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf)。Sr-Nd-Hf同位素的研究分析显示岩浆源区起源于"EMII型"富集地幔,"EMII型"富集地幔岩浆在上涌的过程中受到地壳物质的混染,形成壳幔混合源富钾含矿岩浆。     

桂西北箭猪坡铅-锌-锑多金属矿床成因：来自闪锌矿微量、稀土元素及氢氧同位素的证据

位于广西右江盆地北东侧的丹池成矿带是中国南方重要的有色金属矿集区,箭猪坡矿床是其南段五圩矿田中规模最大、成矿特征最具代表性的大型铅-锌-锑多金属矿床,由长期开采的脉状铅-锌-锑矿体和新发现的似层状锡多金属矿体组成。通过闪锌矿的微量、稀土元素和氢-氧同位素分析,对比研究2类矿体成矿特征的差异,进一步探讨成矿流体来源及矿床成因类型。分析结果显示：箭猪坡矿床不同类型矿体中闪锌矿均相对富集Fe、Cu、Pb、Sn、Sb,亏损Ga、Ge、Co、Ni,与典型的岩浆热液型矿床相似。同时,似层状矿体中稀土元素总量（ΣREE=12.80×10−6~44.31×10−6）高于脉状矿体（ΣREE=3.34×10−6）,具有明显的轻、重稀土元素分馏和Eu亏损。闪锌矿氢-氧同位素分析结果中,脉状矿体δD=−81.8‰~−69.2‰,δ18O=2.1‰~5.2‰;似层状矿体δD=−109.4‰~−75.2‰,δ18O=−4.0‰~4.0‰,指示2类矿体的成矿流体为岩浆热液与大气降水不同比例的混合流体。以上特征表明,箭猪坡矿床属于岩浆热液型铅锌矿床,脉状矿体和似层状矿体成矿物质（流体）主要来源于岩浆热液。     

华南加里东期造山型金矿中金的来源—来自浙江诸暨陈蔡杂岩的证据

造山型金矿中金的来源是目前广泛争论的问题,尽管变质成因模式受到了较多的关注,但研究实例还不多。加里东期是华南地区重要的金矿成矿期,浙江诸暨陈蔡杂岩发育了从绿片岩相到角闪岩相的岩石组合,变质时代为加里东期,同时,其变质温度和压力等都已经得到精确厘定,为研究华南加里东期金矿形成与变质作用的关系提供理想的研究剖面对象。通过系统采集陈蔡杂岩岩石样品,在详细的岩相学研究的基础上对其中的黄铁矿中的金及亲硫元素进行了激光剥蚀-电感耦合-等离子体质谱（LA-ICP-MS）原位微区微量元素分析。研究结果表明：陈蔡杂岩角闪岩相岩石岩相学特征中有绿泥石,角闪石退变质为黑云母,反映退变质作用中有变质流体的回流。华南加里东期变质过程中,从绿片岩相到角闪岩相的相变过程中金及其他亲硫元素从主要赋存矿物黄铁矿中释放出来,进入变质流体,为江南造山带造山型金矿提供了金属来源。利用硫化物单矿物进行金的含量原位分析是解决变质过程中金活化迁移的重要手段。并提出华南加里东期变质过程中金的来源模式图。     

新疆东准噶尔老鸦泉富碱花岗岩型锡矿床地质及成矿流体

老鸦泉碱性花岗岩位于新疆北部东准噶尔地区。老鸦泉碱性花岗岩体及其内卡姆斯特、干梁子锡矿床的矿石和岩石的岩矿鉴定、稀土元素以及流体包裹体的系统研究表明,老鸦泉碱性花岗岩及其内的花岗斑岩及含矿石英岩、云英岩化锡矿体、石英脉锡矿体,实际上是富碱花岗质岩浆逐渐分异演化的同源和最终产物,锡成矿流体为中-高温、低盐度。碱性岩浆晚期分异的大量气水热液富锡、富硅、富碱、富含F、Cl、SO²₄离子及离子团,其氧逸度高、酸度高、温度高,这种热液引起花岗岩体的硅化、云英岩化等自变质作用,在该作用中随温度、压力的降低及CH₄等还原性气体及CO₂气体的逃逸,改变了成矿流体的氧化-还原环境,流体向相对还原及碱性条件转化,在新的氧化还原、酸碱度界面条件下,其携带的锡的络合物不稳定而分解,锡沉淀成矿。     

鄂尔多斯盆地砂岩型铀矿碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素及其天然气-水混合流体作用特征

【研究目的】 本文以杭锦旗—大营铀矿为研究区,研究了矿床的碳酸盐化类型、期次和原位微区碳氧同位素特征,为该区砂岩型铀矿的形成及成因认识提供了新的信息和依据。【研究方法】 采用野外调研、工业孔含矿层位岩芯采集、高倍显微镜观察、电子探针图像分析等方法,区分不同期次的碳酸盐化(主要是方解石),在此基础上运用SHRIMP稳定同位素示踪技术进行C-O同位素测试,为更加精确示踪砂岩铀矿形成过程提供了合理的途径。【研究结果】 利用原位微区碳氧同位素示踪技术分析了铀成矿期及成矿期后流体特征,显示具有有机质来源的特点,其中方解石的氧同位素显示流体具有大气水作用的特点,认为天然气向北部运移耗散与地下水形成的低温混合热液流体为它们提供了碳质来源。本区“钙化木”状碳酸盐化的方解石多显示沿晶洞分布或沿裂隙贯穿,明显为成矿期后天然气沿裂隙充填的结果;因此,天然气-水混合流体作用从成矿期可一直延至成矿期后,具有叠加富集及保矿作用。【结论】 采用电子探针和镜下观察相结合的方法,在区分不同期次方解石的基础上,原位微区稳定同位素示踪技术为精细研究砂岩型铀矿成矿流体特征提供了有效的技术支撑。     

湘西黔东地区铅锌矿床C、O同位素地球化学特征及其对成矿过程的指示

近年来湘西黔东地区铅锌矿产勘查成果显著,已发现矿床(点)200余处,铅锌矿主要产于寒武系—奥陶系碳酸盐岩地层中。通过对该地区典型铅锌矿床碳酸盐围岩和成矿期方解石的C、O同位素组成分析,结果表明:碳酸盐围岩的δ13CPDB值(-1.16‰~1.70‰,均值0.51‰)和δ18OSMOW值(18.56‰~22.42‰,均值21.04‰)变化范围较小,组成相对均一,在δ13CPDB-δ18OSMOW图上投影点位于海相碳酸盐岩区;而成矿期方解石的δ13CPDB值(-5.80‰~0.42‰,均值-1.18‰)比围岩略低,δ18OSMOW值(12.96‰~23.05‰,均值18.36‰)有明显的下降,在δ13CPDB-δ18OSMOW图上投影点主要位于上地幔区和海相碳酸盐岩之间。根据C、O同位素组成特征并结合前人研究成果,认为成矿流体中的C主要来源于碳酸盐围岩,S来源于地层中的膏盐层,Pb、Zn主要来源于下寒武统牛蹄塘组地层,成矿流体是一种高盐度的低温热卤水,它与碳酸盐围岩的水-岩反应和降温的耦合作用是该地区成矿期方解石和矿石矿物沉淀的主要机制。     

Cretaceous–Neogene basin control on the formation of uranium deposits in South China: evidence from geology,mineralization ages,and H–O isotopes

ABSTRACT

The South China Uranium Province (SCUP) contains the largest number of discovered uranium deposits in China. This province includes seven uranium mineralization belts, at Wuyishan, Taoshan–Zhuguang, Chenzhou–Qinzhou, Gan–Hang, Xixia–Luzong, Mufushan–Hengshan, and Xuefengshan–Jiuwandashan. The uranium deposits can be classified according to their ore-hosting rocks into four general types: granite-, volcanic-, black-shale-, and sandstone-related. These uranium deposits crop out at the peripheries of Cretaceous–Neogene (K–N) redbed basins or are connected to the basins by NE–SW- to NNE–SSW-trending regional faults. Most of the volcanic-related uranium deposits were formed during the mid-Cretaceous (118 to 88 Ma); granite-related deposits have a wider range of ages from 124 to 11 Ma; the black-shale-related deposits have ages of 120 to 7 Ma; sandstone-related deposits yield ages of 111 to 22.5 Ma. As such, these four types of uranium deposits in South China have similar ages, irrespective of location, and are similar in age to K–N redbed basins in this region. δD_VSMOW(fluid) and δ¹⁸O_VSMOW(fluid) values of the volcanic-related uranium deposits generally range from – 105.9‰ to – 38.0‰ and – 11.1‰ to +5.3‰, respectively. The black-shale-related uranium deposits yield δD_VSMOW(fluid) and δ¹⁸O_VSMOW(fluid) values of – 74.5‰ to – 33.0‰ and – 4.4‰ to 9.3‰, respectively. However, the granite-related uranium deposits have a much wider range of δD_VSMOW(fluid) and δ¹⁸O_VSMOW(fluid) values from – 104.4‰ to – 23.1‰ and – 9.4‰ to +7.3‰, respectively. H–O isotopic compositions of the SCUP ore-forming fluids are similar to those of basinal fluids, again demonstrating the link between the uranium deposits and the basins. The spatial–temporal relationships and fluid isotopic similarities between the K–N basins and uranium mineralization indicate that the uranium deposits of the SCUP are genetically related to the K–N redbed basins, and are unconformity-related uranium deposits.     

华南多金属矿产空间数据库简介及相关问题讨论

华南多金属矿产空间数据库是区域地质矿产信息的组合.介绍了华南地区区域多金属矿产空间数据库的定位、内容以及数据库结构,就系统中涉及的有关区域多源信息系统中的相关问题进行了讨论,构建了矿产地质数据库信息管理系统,本系统为华南地区矿产资源评价与研究提供了系统的基础资料平台.     

Magmatic‐Hydrothermal Mineralization Sequence in Xinlu Ore Field,Guangxi, South China: Constraints from Zircon U‐Pb,Molybdenite Re‐Os,and Muscovite Ar‐Ar Dating

The Xinlu Sn‐polymetallic ore field is located in the western Nanling Polymetallic Belt in northeastern Guangxi, South China, where a number of typical skarn‐, hydrothermal vein‐type tin deposits have developed. There are two types of Sn deposits: skarn‐type and sulfide‐quartz vein‐type. The tin mineralizations mainly occur on the south side of the Guposhan granitic complex pluton and within its outer contact zone. To constrain the Sn mineralization age and further understand its genetic links to the Guposhan granitic complex, a series of geochronological works has been conducted at the Liuheao deposit of the ore field using high‐precision zircon SHRIMP U‐Pb, molybdenite Re‐Os, and muscovite Ar‐Ar dating methods. The results show that the biotite‐monzogranite, which is part of the Xinlu intrusive unit of the Guposhan complex pluton, has a SHRIMP U‐Pb zircon age of 161.0 ± 1.5 Ma. The skarn‐type ore has a ⁴⁰Ar‐³⁹Ar muscovite plateau age of 160 ± 2 Ma (same as its isochron age), and the sulfide‐quartz vein‐type ore yields an Re‐Os molybdenite isochron age of 154.4 ± 3.5 Ma. The magmatic‐hydrothermal geochronological sequence demonstrated that the hydrothermal mineralization took place immediately following the emplacement of the monzogranite, with the skarn metasomatic mineralization stage predating the sulfide mineralization stage. Geochronologically, we have compared this ore field with 26 typical Sn deposits distributed along the Nanling Polymetallic Belt, leading to the suggestion of the magmatic‐metallogenic processes in the Xinlu ore field (ca. 161–154 Ma) as a component of the Early Yanshanian large‐scale Sn‐polymetallic mineralization event (peaked at 160–150 Ma) in the Nanling Range of South China. Petrogenesis of Sn‐producing granite and Sn‐polymetallic mineralization were probably caused by crust–mantle interaction as a result of significant lithospheric extension and thinning in South China in the Late Jurassic.     

The Late Triassic Dengfuxian A-type granite,Hunan Province: age,petrogenesis, and implications for understanding the late Indosinian tectonic transition in South China

The Triassic (Indosinian) granites in the South China Block (SCB) have important tectonic significance for understanding the evolution of Eastern Asia. The Dengfuxian biotite granite in eastern Hunan Province, China, reported in this article, was recognized as Late Triassic (late Indosinian) weakly peraluminous A-type granite with a zircon laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U–Pb age of 225.7 ± 1.6 Ma. It is enriched in F, Cs, Rb, Th, high field strength elements, and rare earth elements (REEs) and depleted in Ba, Sr, P, Ti, Nb, and Ta, with high Ga/Al ratios and zircon saturation temperatures. The Dengfuxian biotite granite shows high initial Sr isotope values (0.715932 to 0.716499) and negative ?_Nd(t) (?10.46 to ?9.67) and ?_Hf(t) (?9.92 to ?6.29) values, corresponding to the Nd model ages of 1.79 to 1.85 Ga and the Hf model ages of 1.65 to 1.88 Ga. It is proposed that the Dengfuxian biotite granite was derived from high-temperature partial melting of the Palaeoproterozoic lower crust undergoing granulitization. Some Late Triassic A-type granites were recently identified in the SCB with the ages between 202 and 232 Ma. These A-type granites have the same geochemical characteristics and petrogenesis as Dengfuxian A-type granite, and show A₂-subtype granite affinity. The Late Triassic A-type granite formed a NE-trending granite belt, which is consistent with the main NE-trending faults in the SCB. The formation of these A-type granites was in response to the subduction of the palaeo-Pacific plate underneath the SCB, and indicates an extensional tectonic environment in the SCB. Combined with previous studies on tectonic evolution, we suggest that there may be a tectonic transition inside the SCB from compression to extension at least from 225 to 230 Ma.