数字摄影测量与"数字城市"建设

以数字摄影测量在"数字哈尔滨"建设中的综合利用为例,探讨了数字摄影测量在数字城市建设中的作用.     

GPS辅助数字摄影测量

数码相机在航空摄影测量中的应用,没有了传统胶片的冲洗等后处理过程,拍摄完毕马上就能对拍摄的影像质量以及拍摄有无漏洞进行检查,这就使得航摄作业快速、灵活、方便。GPS与数码相机结合应用于摄影测量将极大地减少航摄地面控制测量的工作量,这必将大力促进数码相机在摄影测量中的应用。     

Building a Coastal GIS Using Digital Photogrammetry

This paper examines the recent emergence of integrated coastal zone management as an application for the gathering, management and distribution of geospatial data. The requirements of a geospatial database of the coastal zone are outlined and the contribution of digital photogrammetry is examined. A saltmarsh monitoring project, which uses digital photogrammetry and was initiated by the authors, is described     

多基线-数字近景摄影测量

根据交会精度与影像匹配自动化的需要,与当今航空数码相机沿航线方向视场角偏小的事实,阐述了大重叠、多基线摄影测量的必要性及其现实意义;重点介绍了利用非量测相机进行多基线的正直、交向摄影方法与数据处理的特点,特别是“多基线交向摄影”,通过多次、多相机对三峡工程地下电站尾水边坡进行拍摄试验,获得了传统非量测相机难以比拟的、非常满意的结果。     

从数字摄影测量工作站(DPW)到数字摄影测量网格(DPGrid)

指出了现今的数字摄影测量工作站存在的问题,总结了当今数字摄影测量理论的发展,包括影像匹配与观测值的“独立性”原则、多基线近景摄影测量与广义点的概念。结合数字摄影测量硬件与理论的发展,引出由数字摄影测量工作站发展为数字摄影测量网格的理念,说明了数字摄影测量网格的结构、功能,包括基于刀片机的集成处理系统、基于网络的全无缝测图系统及其特点,讨论了数字摄影测量与计算机视觉的关系,介绍了数字摄影测量网格已取得的成果。     

数字摄影测量与计算机视觉

从摄影测量的角度出发,在回顾摄影测量的发展历程及其最新进展的基础上,系统分析了数字摄影测量与计算机视觉的共同点及其本质差异,指出数字摄影测量的下一步发展必须与计算机视觉的理论和最新发展相结合。     

Digital Photogrammetry and Microscope Photographs

The feasibility of applying commercial digital photogrammetric software to the measurement of small objects photographed through an optical microscope has been examined. The objects, about 20 mm across, were photographed using a 35 mm film camera (at the lowest magnification setting of the Olympus microscope) giving photographs at a scale of 2:1. The photographs were then scanned before processing with the VirtuoZo digital photogrammetric system. Various problems needed to be overcome, some due to the limited options available with the highly automated digital system which was not designed for such measurement tasks. The unusual image scales, the uncommon pixel sizes and the unconventional and uncertain imaging geometry, all impeded immediate photogrammetric implementation. Photographic problems with the microscope were also faced, as with all microscope photogrammetry. Creating control points and independently assessing the accuracy of results at these scales were also difficult operations, but an analytical plotter was utilized for both these purposes and to verify the imaging geometry. Once such problems were overcome, image matching proceeded well and an accurate DTM could be created successfully, provided that a suitably textured object was chosen.     

基于DMC数码影像的数字摄影测量精度探讨

航空数码摄影测量技术的出现和应用及其带来的优质图像和高清晰度使数字摄影测量的自动化匹配、影像调节和镶嵌等工序的自动化程度得以提高,加快了测图进度,提高了生产效率。以某项目的生产为例,通过对数码相机DMC的影像在内业空三加密、测图定向和模型接边生产过程的精度的分析,发现平原地区区域网平差、模型定向后,外业控制点及内业加密点的高程精度较难达到规范要求。对其产生的原因进行了全面、深入的分析和探讨,并提出了一些合理化的建议。     

浅谈全数字摄影测量工作站的维护

论述了全数字摄影测量工作站仪器维护方面知识。 1 .全数字摄影测量系统设备的维护。 2 .计算机软硬件方面的维护     

基于普通数码相机的旋转全景摄影测量方法

普通数码相机固定在高精度旋转平台上可集成为旋转全景相机,水平旋转多位置拍摄,可获取全景影像。给出了旋转全景相机的成像几何关系模型,实现了旋转全景相机的标定,利用稀疏分布的少量控制点（最少3个）,即可解算出平台旋转中心坐标与起始方位角,及每张像片的外方位元素,再利用多站旋转拍摄的影像进行前方交会就可获得物方点坐标。实验结果表明,本文提出的方法在实际摄影测量中可少受视野和控制点数量的限制,通过较少的控制点即可解算出物方点坐标,且测量精度较好。该方法是在困难场景进行近景摄影测量的一种新的有效手段。     

旋转多基线数字近景摄影测量

提出了一种全新的数字近景摄影测量方法——旋转多基线数字近景摄影测量。该方法通过应用旋转摄影增大了摄影视场角,应用“多基线”的摄影方式增大了摄影交会角,提高了交会精度,并且解决了近景摄影测量中大交会角影像难以实现自动匹配的困难。同时,该方法将传统的区域网空中三角测量应用于近景摄影测量,用于影像外方位元素的解算,在提高精度的同时减少了外业工作量,提高了生产效率。     

全数字摄影测量系统在生产中的实践

随着计算机技术的发展以及数字图像处理、模式识别、计算机视觉等学科的发展,数字摄影测量已经占据了极其重要的位置。VirtuoZo数字摄影测量系统促进了摄影测量最深刻的革命,为国民经济快速获得空间信息的各部门提供了现代化的高科技手段,以适应现代社会经济的发展。本文简单介绍了航测地形图成图的内业数据处理一般步骤,并结合数字摄影软件进行说明。     

Digital Photogrammetry at Ordnance Survey Ireland

The main activities carried out by Ordnance Survey Ireland are focused on the production and maintenance of both small and large scale topographic databases. In 1980, photogrammetric methods were extensively adopted to carry out these tasks, based on analytical procedures. A review of operating practices in 1992 led to the introduction of digital systems. The technical complexities of the installation of digital hardware and software in a production environment are reported in this paper. An expanded role for the photogrammetric department also required the acquisition of new skills by its personnel. Experience has shown that further development, based on co-operation between vendor and user, must continue in the digital field.     

数字摄影测量系统的数据获取

随着计算机技术的发展,摄影测量由模拟摄影测量和解析摄影测量发展到当今的数字摄影测量阶段,本文介绍了数字摄影测量的定义、主要的几种系统以及作业流程。     

Practical Automation In Commercial Digital Photogrammetry

The revolution promised by digital photogrammetry is dependent on extensive, successful automation at many stages of the production process. The progress of automation is uneven. Digital cameras are not in widespread use. Scanners are available which include roll film transports and automated orientation, but set up for optimum tonal transfer remains interactive. Extensive automation of several operations on digital photogrammetric workstations, such as generation of digital terrain models, orthophotographs, mosaics and perspective scenes, contrasts with feature extraction, where robust products lag behind success in research. Progress towards practical automation to assist, but not replace, the human operator is significant, however, and examples are given from the Leica-Helava systems.     

遥控飞艇数字航空摄影系统

提出快速获得航空影像并及时制作DOM、DLG的一种手段.介绍遥控飞艇数字摄影系统的工作原理,探讨存在的问题.     

数字摄影测量基础实习的七步教学法

数字摄影测量是"摄影测量学"课程的重要内容,是摄影测量的发展方向。教学实习是重要的教学环节,介绍基于全数字摄影测量系统VirtuoZo的七步教学法,以使学生掌握全数字摄影测量系统的基本功能、一般作业流程和主要地图产品的制作过程。     

数字摄影中的核线影像算法研究

针对数字摄影立体像对自动生成核线影像的问题,介绍了基于数字影像几何纠正的核线解析方法及实现过程。内容包括基于数字影像的几何纠正、双线性插值法进行核线重采样、算法的VC++实现等问题的研究。最后对生成的核线影像的精度进行了分析,证明了用这一方法生成核线影像的可行性。