北京市大气可吸入颗粒物的化学成分和来源

2007年3月至2008年5月,在北京市成府路东口设立采样点,共采集监测周期为一周的PM2.5(直径小于2.5μm的大气可吸入颗粒物)样品56个,用HR-ICP-MS方法测量了15种元素的含量,并在此基础上应用主因子分析法对PM2.5中这些元素的来源进行探讨。同时,在2008年奥运会和残奥会期间开展了24h时间间隔的密集采样,特别分析了机动车限行期间细颗粒污染物的浓度特征。结果表明,2007年春季至2008年春季期间北京市大气PM2.5平均浓度为72.9μg/m3,超过美国环保局（USEPA）制定的PM2.5年平均浓度限值15μg/m3的近5倍。机动车限行期间北京成府路东口采样点大气PM2.5的平均浓度为40.7μg/m3。通过因子分析方法确定北京PM2.5的3种可能来源：①交通排放、工业排放和燃煤,特征元素为Cu、Zn、As、Sn、Sb、Cd、Pb;②本地扬尘和远源沙尘细颗粒;③可能与成土母岩风化有关的土壤颗粒的再悬浮和/或迁移,其方差贡献率分别为41.2%、31.4%和12.2%。     

北京市大气可吸入颗粒物的化学成分和来源

2007年3月至2008年5月,在北京市成府路东口设立采样点,共采集监测周期为一周的PM2.5(直径小于2.5μm的大气可吸入颗粒物)样品56个,用HR-ICP-MS方法测量了15种元素的含量,并在此基础上应用主因子分析法对PM2.5中这些元素的来源进行探讨。同时,在2008年奥运会和残奥会期间开展了24h时间间隔的密集采样,特别分析了机动车限行期间细颗粒污染物的浓度特征。结果表明,2007年春季至2008年春季期间北京市大气PM2.5平均浓度为72.9μg/m3,超过美国环保局（USEPA）制定的PM2.5年平均浓度限值15μg/m3的近5倍。机动车限行期间北京成府路东口采样点大气PM2.5的平均浓度为40.7μg/m3。通过因子分析方法确定北京PM2.5的3种可能来源：①交通排放、工业排放和燃煤,特征元素为Cu、Zn、As、Sn、Sb、Cd、Pb;②本地扬尘和远源沙尘细颗粒;③可能与成土母岩风化有关的土壤颗粒的再悬浮和/或迁移,其方差贡献率分别为41.2%、31.4%和12.2%。     

Chemical composition and origin of the earth's primitive mantle

An attempt has been made to estimate the chemical composition of the earth's primitive mantle by a critical evaluation of data derived from ultramafic mantle samples and partial melting model calculations for mafic and ultramafic magmas of various ages.Compatible (Al, Ca, Si, Mg, Fe) and moderately incompatible (Ti, Zr, heavy and middle rare earth) elements in basaltic magma sources have not changed significantly since the early Archaean (~3.5 Byr). Estimated abundances for refractory lithophile elements (such as Al, Ca, Ti, Zr, Y, Se, REE etc.) in the primitive mantle are about 2.0 times ordinary chondrites (~ 1.1 times Cl chondrites relative to Mg). Highly incompatible volatile elements (K, Rb, Cs, Tl, Pb etc.) are depleted in the mantle throughout geological time. Abundances of Fe, Ni and Co are obtained on the basis of values for ultramafic nodules and model calculations using komatiites of various ages. The results show little (? 20%?) dispersion and there is no obvious secular variation since 3.5 Byr. Noble metals show similar effects. These data permit constraints to be placed on the timing of core formation.The estimated elemental abundances for the primitive mantle are normalized to Cl chondrites relative to Mg and plotted against the solar condensation temperature at 10^?4 atm. Above 700 K there are two parallel trends which are defined by lithophile elements (Al, Ca, REE, Ti, Mg, Si, Cr, Mn, Na, K, Rb, F, Zn etc.) and siderophile elements (W, Ni, Co, P, As, Ag, Sb and Ge) respectively. The depletion factor for the siderophile trend relative to the lithophile trend is about 0.085. Within each trend there is a continuous depletion towards lower temperature. A third trend is defined by noble metals (Ir, Os, Re, Pd, Pt and Au) with a depletion factor of about 0.003 relative to Cl chondrites. These trends are interpreted in terms of core-mantle differentiation and volatility-controlled processes operating before and during earth accretion.     

Chemical composition and palaeobotanical origin of Miocene resins from Kerala-Konkan Coast,western India

The terpenoid composition of resins from the Miocene lignite horizons from the Kerala-Konkan Coast, western India was analyzed by Curie-point pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Cupy-GC-MS). The major pyrolysates were cadalene-based bicyclic sesquiterpenoids including some C₃₀-C₃₁ bicadinenes and bicadinanes typical of dammar resin from angiosperm plants of Dipterocarpaceae family. These plants are typically supported by tropical climates which the western Indian region was known to have experienced during early Tertiary period. The present study suggests that these palaeoclimatic conditions persisted until at least the Miocene epoch. These sesquiterpenoids which are commonly detected in many SE Asian crude oils may be utilised as useful biomarkers for petroleum exploration in the western Indian region.     

地球科学发展的生命之翼——地球科学文化建设初探

从人类社会发展的历史来看,文化产业在人类社会作为一个重要产业出现,是社会文明进步的标志。据报道,20世纪90年代末某些发达国家的文化产业产值已超过了制造业产值,有些国家还明确提出“将科技作为文化,作为人们的社会活动”[1]。地球科学文化产业很可能作为一个分支产业而活跃在社会发展的舞台上,因为拯救地球将成为21世纪世界的主旋律。拯救地球是人类面临的一项庞大的综合的系统性的社会工程。地球上人的生存、发展需要地球科学文化,需要以地球科学思想、科学方法和科学精神为内涵的文化推进人类社会向前迈进。江泽民同志在党的十六大报…     

Partitioning of rare earth elements between an aqueous chloride fluid phase and melt during the decompression-driven degassing of granite magmas

This paper reports the results of numerical simulation for the behavior of rare earth elements (REE) during decompression degassing of H₂O- and Cl-bearing granite melts at pressures decreasing from 3 to 0.5–0.3 kbar under near isothermal conditions (800 ± 25°C). Fluid phase in equilibrium with the melt contains mainly chloride REE complexes, and their behavior during magma degassing is, therefore, intimately related to the behavior of chlorine. It was shown that the contents and distribution patterns of REE in the aqueous chloride fluid phase formed during decompression vary considerably depending on (1) the contents of volatiles (Cl and H₂O) in the initial melt, (2) the redox state of the magma, and (3) the dynamics of fluid phase separation from magmas during their ascent toward the Earth’s surface. During decompressiondriven degassing, the contents of both Cl and REE in the fluid decrease, especially dramatically under opensystem conditions. The REE patterns of the fluid phase compared with those of the melt are characterized by a higher degree of light to heavy REE fractionation. A weak negative Eu anomaly may be present in the REE patterns of Cl-rich fluids formed during the early stages of degassing at relatively high pressures. At a further decrease in pressure and Cl content in the fluid, it is transformed into a positive Eu anomaly increasing during decompression degassing. Such an anomalous behavior of Eu during degassing is related to its occurrence in magmatic melts in two valence states, Eu³⁺ and Eu²⁺, whereas the other REE occur in melts mainly as (REE)³⁺. The Eu³⁺/Eu²⁺ ratio of melt is controlled by the redox state of the magmatic system. The higher the degree of melt reduction, the more pronounced the anomalous behavior of Eu during decompression degassing. The amount of REE extracted by fluid from melt during various stages of degassing does not significantly influence the content and distribution patterns of REE in the melt.     

Rare earth contribution to the origin of Hawaiian lavas

Rare earth abundances were determined by neutron activation in twenty Hawaiian lavas and one diabase of known chemical and mineralogical compositions. These results demonstrate a systematic relationship between the absolute or relative rare earth abundances and the petrochemistry of these rocks. Three distinct lava groups are recognized. These correspond to: (1) tholeiites, (2) alkali series, (3) nepheline-melilite basalts.Based on rare earths: a) The hawaiites and mugearite of the alkali series represent residual melts derived from alkali olivine basalts, most likely by fractional crystallization; the trachyte, however, seems to have a more complicated history. b) Fractional crystallization models linking nephelinites or alkali olivine basalts to tholeiites are possible. However, production of these three lava groups, independently, by various degrees of partial melting of the mantle is equally likely and cannot be distinguished from these fractional crystallization models. c) Daly limestone syntexis hypothesis to produce the nephelinites is unlikely.     

Aeolian origin of the red earth in southeast China

A clay‐like deposit known as ‘red earth’ is widely distributed over the terraces and high lands of the Yangtze River valley in southeast China. Its typical pedo‐stratigraphical features have attracted the interest of pedologists and geologists for many years, although its origin is still debated. Here we report an analyses of the grain‐size distributions, rare‐earth element (REE) patterns and upper continental crust (UCC)‐normalised major elemental composition of the red earth and compare them with those of the loess and other aeolian deposits in northern China. The results show that the red earth in southeast China has two or three end‐member grain‐size distributions, similar to the sedimentary characteristics and geochemical composition of aeolian deposits found in northern China. Together with other evidence from field observations, these results suggest that the red earth is probably of aeolian origin. On the basis of these data, we suggest that thick aeolian dusts were also deposited in the wet subtropics and that the effect of the winter monsoonal winds upon the dust transport in eastern China was more important than previously believed. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The insoluble organic matter in carbonaceous chondrites: Chemical structure,isotopic composition and origin

Carbonaceous chondrites are characterized by their enrichment in organic matter, mainly represented by insoluble organic matter (IOM), which consists of small aromatic units linked by short-branched aliphatic chains. Furthermore, IOM contains organic radicals heterogeneously distributed along with diradicaloids. These chemical features discriminate IOM from terrestrial counterparts. Isotopic compositions, especially the D/H isotopic ratio, are also distinct. IOM is highly enriched in D (D/H > 350 × 10⁻⁶), and the D/H isotopic ratio is heterogeneous. The isotopic composition is the result of interstellar-like processes that could have taken place during the first ages of the protosolar nebula. Chemical structure and isotopic composition clearly show that IOM is synthesized by an abiotic process and is subsequently affected by aqueous alteration or high-temperature metamorphism on the parent body.     

Primary fluid inclusions in galena crystals. II. Chemical composition of the liquid and gas phase

The chemical composition of primary individual inclusions in large galena crystals from the Madan ore district, Bulgaria (see Pt. I), is studied in this paper. The liquid phase was analysed for Na, K, Ca, Fe, Mn, Mg, NH _inf4 ^sup+ , Pb, Cu, Zn, Al, Cl^–, F^–, SO ₄ ^2– , HCO ₃ ^– , and HS^– (+S^2–): pH was also determined. The following analytical methods were used: atomic-absorption spectrophotometry, emission spectral analysis, spectrophotometry, nephelometry, microcrystalloscopic and drop reactions. The gas phase was mass-spectrometrically analysed after opening the vacuoles in vacuum. It was found to consist of water vapour and CO₂ only. It was also found that the solutions are chloride-sodium-potassium with a total salinity of 4–4.5%. They do not contain measurable amounts of sulphur components. The CO₂/H₂O ratios vary strongly between the various vacuoles, which is explained by the crystallization in boiling solutions. The problems of the hermeticity of inclusions, the partial pressure of CO₂, the temperature of crystallization, and of the possible role of boiling in the ore-forming process are discussed.     

地球早期生命环境的演化

地质记录告诉我们,在地球约46亿年的整个历史中经历了无数次大大小小的劫难,其中在地球生命处于起源和早期演化阶段的前寒武纪,首先是狂轰滥炸,4.5亿~3.8亿年前由太阳系形成时留下的岩石体--小行星仍不断撞击着地球并烧焦了整个地球;后来的雪球,2.2亿~1.8亿年及大约6亿年前也许是大气中氧气的增加或/和二氧化碳或/和氨气或/和甲烷等温室气体的缩减,使我们的星球进入冰封期.显然,生命挺过了所有的磨难,并以柔克刚的脱颖而出,甚至与环境相互作用共同向高级阶段演化.在至少38亿年前,随着狂轰滥炸的停止,原始的生命也许已出现在地球上;到大约5.8亿年前,雪球刚结束,新元古代末期的埃迪卡拉大辐射和早寒武纪生命大爆发就接接踵而来,似乎早期地球生命大的进步性演化都是由大的劫难诱发的.     

Chemical composition of Mars

The composition of Mars has been calculated from the cosmochemical model of Ganapathy and Anders (1974) which assumes that planets and chondrites underwent the same 4 fractionation processes in the solar nebula. Because elements of similar volatility stay together in these processes, only 4 index elements (U, Fe, K and Tl or Ar³⁶) are needed to calculate the abundances of all 83 elements in the planet. The values chosen are U = 28 ppb, K = 62 ppm (based on $\text{K}\text{U}\text{= 2200}$ from orbital γ-spectrometry and on thermal history calculations by Toksöz and Hsui (1978) Fe = 26.72% (from geophysical data), and Tl = 0.14 ppb (from the Ar³⁶ and Ar⁴⁰ abundances measured by Viking).The mantle of Mars is an iron-rich [Mg/(Mg + Fe) = 0.77] garnet wehrlite (ρ = 3.52?3.54 g/cm³), similar to McGetchin and Smyth's (1978) estimate but containing more Ca and Al. It is nearly identical to the bulk Moon composition of Morgan et al. (1978b). The core makes up 0.19 of the planet and contains 3.5% S—much less than estimated by other models. Volatiles have nearly Moon-like abundances, being depleted relative to the Earth by factors of 0.36 (K-group, T_cond = 600–1300 K) or 0.029 (Tl group, T_cond < 600 K). The water abundance corresponds to a 9 m layer, but could be higher by as much as a factor of 11.Comparison of model compositions for 5 differentiated planets (Earth, Venus, Mars, Moon, and eucrite parent body) suggests that volatile depletion correlates mainly with size rather than with radial distance from the Sun. However, the relatively high volatile content of shergottites and some chondrites shows that the correlation is not simple; other factors must also be involved.     

Chemical composition and fractionation of the continental crust

A new estimate of the bulk continental crust is reported consisting of 57 percent lower crust (60% felsic and 40% mafic granulites) and 43 percent upper crust. The proportions of crustal units are based on petrological observations (Bohlen &Mezger, 1989). The estimate of a bulk composition is intermediate between andesite and tonalite and is higher in Si, K, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, LREE, Pb, Th concentrations and lower in Mg, Ca, Sc, Mn, Fe than the crustal abundances reported byTaylor &McLennan (1985). Equal chemical composition between the upper crust and the felsic part of the lower crust is attained in balance computations if one restores a fraction of 12.5 percent S-type granite from the upper into the lower crust. An example of water-undersaturated partial melting and separation of a fraction of about 35 percent granitic magma at the conversion from amphibolite-into granulite-facies metasediments has been balanced bySchnetger (1988) in the Ivrea area (N. Italy). The worldwide observed discrepancy between a larger negative Eu anomaly in the upper crust compared with the half as large positive anomaly of the lower crust increasing from the early Precambrian to present has been explained by recycling of Ca-rich restite into the upper mantle. The composition of the Archean crust (example: Greenland) does not differ systematically from the post-Archean crust.

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Zusammenfassung Die chemische Zusammensetzung der gesamten kontinentalen Kruste, die zu 57% aus der Unterkruste (60% felsische und 40% mafische Granulite) und zu 43% aus Oberkruste besteht, wurde neu ermittelt. Die Proportionen der Krusteneinheiten beruhen auf petrologischen Beobachtungen (Bohlen &Mezger, 1989). Die geschätzte Zusammensetzung der Gesamtkruste liegt zwischen Andesit und Tonalit. Sie ist höher in den Gehalten an Si, K, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, LREE, Pb, Th und niedriger im Mg, Ca, Sc, Mn, Fe als die vonTaylor &McLennan (1985) mitgeteilten mittleren Krustenwerte. Die chemischen Unterschiede zwischen Ober- und Unterkruste werden ausgeglichen, wenn man die Substanz von 12,5% S-Typ-Granit von der Oberkruste abzieht und zur Unterkruste hinzufügt. Als typisches Beispiel der Abtrennung granitischer Partialschmelzen im wasseruntersättigten System wird das der variskischen Metamorphose von Metasedimenten in der Ivreazone (Nord-Italien) angesehen.Schnetger (1988) konnte hier mit einer chemischen Bilanz zeigen, daß die Umwandlung von amphibolitfaziellen zu granulitfaziellen Gesteinen mit dem Verlust von etwa 35% granitischer Schmelze verbunden war. Die negative Eu-Anomalie der Oberkruste ist weltweit doppelt so groß wie die positive Anomalie der Unterkruste. Diese in der Zeit vom Archaikum bis heute vergrößerte Diskrepanz läßt sich nur mit dem Verlust von Ca-reichen Restiten aus der Kruste an den Mantel erklären. Die chemische Zusammensetzung der kontinentalen Kruste hat sich sonst seit dem Archaikum nicht systematisch geändert, wie am Beispiel Grönlands gezeigt wird.

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Résumé Cette note propose une nouvelle estimation de la composition chimique d'ensemble de la croûte continentale, constituée pour 57% de croûte inférieure (60% de granulites felsiques et 40% de granulites mafiques) et pour 43% de croûte supérieure. Les proportions de ces unités crustales sont basées sur les observations pétrologiques (Bohlen etMezger 1989). La composition d'ensemble proposée est intermédiaire entre celles d'une andésite et d'une tonalite; par rapport aux abondances crustales données parTaylor etMcLennan (1985), les teneurs sont plus élevées en Si, K, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, LEE, Pb, Th et moins élevées en Mg, Ca, Sc, Mn, Fe. Si on tranfère de la croûte supérieure à la croûte inférieure la matière correspondant à 12,5% de granite de type S, la différence de composition entre ces deux croûtes disparaît. Un exemple typique de fusion partielle granitique en système sous-saturé en eau est fourni par le métamorphisme varisque de métasédiments dans la zone d'Ivrée (Italie du Nord). D'après ce bilan chimique établi parSchnetger (1988), le passage des roches du faciès des amphibolites à celui des granulites s'accompagne de la production d'environ 35% de magma granitique. L'anomalie négative en Eu de la croûte supérieure est partout le double de l'anomalie positive de la coûte inférieure. Cette différence, qui s'est accrue depuis l'Archéen jusqu'aujourd'hui, s'explique par le passage de restites riches en Ca dans le manteau supérieur. La composition d'ensemble de la croûte continentale ne s'est toutefois pas modifiée depuis l'Archéen, comme le montre l'exemple du Groenland.

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, 57% (60% 40% ), -43%. , (Bohlen & Mezger, 1989). . Taylor & McLennan (1985) Si, K, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, LREE, Pb, Th Mg, Ca, Sc, Mn, Fe. , 12,5% S, , . — , , . Schnetger (1988) , 35%. , . , , , , , . , .

     

张夏黄土组成特征及其成因分析

大沙河沿岸阶地、山麓地带广泛发育厚度不一的黄土层堆积，笔者对张夏黄土剖面研究后认为，张夏黄土物质来源复杂，既有西风漂流、西北气流、莱州湾气流搬运来的物质，又有近地生成的颗粒，堆积期间又经过明显的水流作用。张夏黄土、古土壤的堆积、发育与晚更新世气候变化相吻合，同时又受到当地微地貌的影响，缺失黑垆土和全新世堆积。张夏、淄博均在山东省中部，其黄土成分较细，使山东黄土在宏观上没有规律可循，更加显示出黄土的复杂多样。     

Isotopic composition and origin of the precipitation in Northern Chile

A 3 a data set of isotopes in precipitation from northern Chile show a very distinct pattern, with δ¹⁸O values ranging between −18 and −15‰ at high altitude stations, compared to δ¹⁸O values between −10 and −6‰ at the lower altitude areas. The ¹⁸O-depleted values observed in the high altitude area, the Altiplano, are related to processes that affect the air masses that originated over the Atlantic, cross the Amazon Basin (continental effect), ascend the Andes (altitude effect) and precipitated (convective effect) in the Altiplano. It is postulated that a second source of moisture, associated with air masses from the Pacific, may contribute to the ¹⁸O-enriched values observed in the lower altitude areas. Similar isotopic patterns are documented in springs and groundwater indicating that the data presented in this paper are an accurate representation of the long term behavior isotopic composition of rain in northern Chile.     

Thermal synthesis of amino acids and the origin of life

The recent review by Marshall (1994) of the production of amino acids from the interstellar components, formaldehyde and ammonia, is placed in the larger context of the origin of life. Thermal energy, being ubiquitous in the Earth, emerges as the sole necessary form of energy. To appreciate the overview of the natural evolutionary sequence it is necessary to recognize stepwiseness in evolution, a principle that has however been often ignored. Since self organization of thermal protein to cells is instantaneous, but only one step in a geochemical ladder, individual steps may be regarded as instantaneous, while the sequence requires measurable time. Two steps indicated are extrusion of a hot, dry organic magma of amino acids --> peptides into an aqueous environment in which occurs a second step of self organization. In this paper, spinoffs of the defensible theory for the origin of life have been briefly reviewed as a fundamental consequence of nonrandom thermal copolymerization of amino acids.     

The composition and origin of metal in howardites

Howardites can be divided into two main groups, Ni-rich (>350ppm Ni) and Ni-poor (<150ppm Ni). In the Ni-rich group Ni occurs principally in metal grains associated with melt rocks and is largely derived from projectiles which caused the melting. The metal in Bununu, Kapoeta and Malvern melt rocks plots in the meteoritic Ni-Co range and in Bununu and Kapoeta is enriched in P. By contrast, most metal grains in primary lithic and crystal clasts in howardites are Ni-poor and plot mainly in the composition field of pristine lunar anorthosite metal. However, there are variations in the abundance and exact composition of primary metal from howardite to howardite and each therefore represents a discrete source region. The matrix metal in Bholgati, Bununu, and Kapoeta shows the diversity of compositions expected in a polymict breccia, with compositions plotting in and between the anorthositic and meteoritic Ni-Co fields. Other howardites show a more limited range of matrix metal compositions, because of limited metal-bearing clasts.Petersburg differs from other howardites in several ways. The metal in primary clasts has a unique $\text{Ni}\text{Co}$ ratio of about 40, which indicates derivation from a different reservoir from other howardite primary clasts. The metal in the matrix consists of large grains intergrown with silicates with compositions clustering tightly at 3.3% Ni, 0.2% Co. This is interpreted as equilibration, possibly as the result of deeper burial for Petersburg than for other howardites.     

Chemical composition of lunar meteorites and the lunar crust

The paper presents the first analyses of major and trace elements in 19 lunar meteorites newly found in Oman. These and literature data were used to assay the composition of highland, mare, and transitional (highland-mare interface) regions of the lunar surface. The databank used in the research comprises data on 44 meteorites weighing 11 kg in total, which likely represent 26 individual falls. Our data demonstrate that the lunar highland crust should be richer in Ca and Al but poorer in mafic and incompatible elements than it was thought based on studying lunar samples and the first orbital data. The Ir concentration in the highland crust and the analysis of lunar crater population suggest that most lunar impactites were formed by a single major impact event, which predetermined the geochemical characteristics of these rocks. Lunar mare regions should be dominated by low-Ti basalts, which are, however, enriched in LREEs compared to those sampled by lunar missions. The typical material of mare-highland interface zones can contain KREEP and magnesian VLT basalts. The composition of the lunar highland crust deduced from the chemistry of lunar meteorites does not contradict the model of the lunar magma ocean, but the average composition of lunar mare meteorites is inconsistent with this concept and suggests assimilation of KREEP material by basaltic magmas. The newly obtained evaluations of the composition of the highland crust confirm that the Moon can be enriched in refractory elements and depleted in volatile and siderophile elements.     

Chemical characterization of aquifers with the same geological origin

In the coastal aquifers of Kaluvelly （Bengal coast, India）, the over exploitation of the main aquifer （the Vanur sandstone） has created a piezometric depression. Water flows from the sea towards inland. A salinization problem is questioned. The geochemical study was dedicated to major, minor and trace elements as well as isotope ratios （δ^18O, δD, δ^37Cl and ^87Sr/^86Sr）. The catchment comprises a crystalline bedrock hinterland （chamockites） overlaid by sediment. The Vanur and Cuddalore sandstones, the two main layers, are issued from the decay of chamockites upland. The geochemical feature of a water body is linked both to the composition of the hosted rock and the interaction time between water and rock. In the deeper parts of the Vanur aquifer, a mixture with long-residence time groundwaters has been evidenced. These waters can originate from a pocket of water entrapped in the Vanur or from the charnockites downward. No seawater intrusion could be assessed. Piezometric data suggest a possible hydraulic connection between the Cuddalore and the Vanur aquifers. Major, minor element data and isotope ratios do not allow to distinguish between old waters from the different aquifers. Data evidence the heterogeneity of the charnokite formation which is characterized by high Ba contents. On the whole, the two sandstones are depleted compared to charnockites in alkaline and earth-alkaline elements, and enriched in less soluble element such as Th or Zr. Trace elements in groundwaters waters from the chamockite aquifer exhibit a high concentration of Ba as compared to Vanur and Cuddalore waters. As Ba is a soluble element, the concentration of Ba in waters is related to the concentration in the hosted rocks. The Li concentration, slightly higher in Vanur rocks, allows to distinguish waters from the deeper parts of the Vanur aquifer. For insoluble elements such as Ti, the hosted rock signature cannot be seen. The Ti concentration in water samples seems to rely on the reaction progress rather than on the available amount. Trace element data show that waters recovered from chamockites and sandstone aquifers present different geochemical features. The host rock signature can be seen in the chamockite and Vanur aquifers for some alkaline and alkaline-earth elements （mainly Ba and Li）.