Application of Dempster-Shafer theory in mineral resource potential mapping

The Dempster-Shafer theory has been successfully applied to mineral resource potential mapping in G1S environmental. In this applied form, basic probability assignment and combined basic probability assignment are applied to measuring map pattern and map pattern combination, respectively; and the environment composed of the only two singleton sets (deposit set and non-deposit set), is used for expressing the entire map area. For a subarea in which the certain map pattern combination exists, the combined basic probability assignment corresponding to the map pattern combination existing in this subarea, expresses the belief of inferring the subarea belonging to the deposit set from the evidence that the corresponding map pattern combination existing in the subarea. Thus, it may be served as a statistical index measuring the relative mineral resource potentials of the subarea. And it may be determined like 1) dividing the map area into a series of small equal-sized grid cells and then select the training sample set composed of the well-known grid cells or the entire grid cells; 2) estimating the basic probability assignments corresponding to each map pattern from the training sample set; 3) determining the map pattern combination existing in each cell, and then appling the Dempster's Rule of Combination to integrating the all basic probability assignments corresponding to the map patterns existing in the cell into the combined basic probability assignment. Mineral resource potential mapping with the Dempster-Shafer theory is demonstrated on a case study to select mineral resource targets. The experimental results manifest that the model can be compared with the weights of evidence model in the effectiveness of mineral resource target selection.     

Application of Dempster-Shafer theory in mineral resource potential mapping

The Dempster-Shafer theory has been successfully applied to mineral resource potential mapping in GIS environmental. In this applied form, basic probability assignment and combined basic probability assignment are applied to measuring map pattern and map pattern combination, respectively; and the environment composed of the only two singleton sets (deposit set and non-deposit set), is used for expressing the entire map area. For a subarea in which the certain map pattern combination exists, the combined basic probability assignment corresponding to the map pattern combination existing in this subarea, expresses the belief of inferring the subarea belonging to the deposit set from the evidence that the corresponding map pattern combination existing in the subarea. Thus, it may be served as a statistical index measuring the relative mineral resource potentials of the subarea. And it may be determined like 1) dividing the map area into a series of small equal-sized grid cells and then select the training sample set composed of the well-known grid cells or the entire grid cells; 2) estimating the basic probability assignments corresponding to each map pattern fromthe training sample set; 3) determining the map pattern combination existing in each cell, and then appling the Dempster's Rule of Combination to integrating the all basic probability assignments corresponding to the map patterns existing in the cell into the combined basic probability assignment. Mineral resource potential mapping with the Dempster-Shafer theory is demonstrated on a case study to select mineral resource targets. The experimental results manifest that the model can be compared with the weights of evidence model in the effectiveness of mineral resource target selection.     

矿产资源国家安全、国际争夺与国家战略之思考

在当前深刻变革和复杂调整的国际政治与经济形势下,大国博弈的核心是争夺地球资源及其控制权.国际政治经济格局的变动导致全球资源配置和经济全球化进程发生巨大变化以及不可预计的风险.美国总统特朗普2017年底签署了《关于确保关键矿产安全和可靠供应的联邦战略》(13817号)总统行政命令,2019年发布以资源争夺为核心内容的战略...     

山西省不同地貌形态类型区土地覆被变化的GIS分析

基于全国1:100万数字地貌数据库,全国2000、2005、2010年土地覆被数据和山西省行政区边界数据,采用土地覆被动态度、转移概率矩阵和地貌面积频度方法,分析了2000-2010年山西省基本地貌形态类型下的土地覆被变化。结果表明：（1）山西省的土地覆被类型以耕地、林地和草地为主,面积总和占省域面积的95%以上。面积变化的总体趋势是耕地和草地缩减,林地和建设用地持续增加。通过分析转移概率矩阵,表明2000-2005年和2005-2010年2个时段内,土地利用的主要转化趋势相似,即林地与草地之间大面积的相互转化,耕地、草地分别与建设用地之间的相互转化。（2）耕地和建设用地的分布,随着起伏度的增大而逐渐减小。林地分布随着起伏度的增加而逐步增大。从面积变化来看,耕地、林地和草地变化主要位于中起伏山地;水域变化主要集中在大起伏山地;建设用地变化主要分布于平原和台地;未利用地变化主要在小起伏山地。从动态度来看,耕地、草地和水域动态度,在大起伏山地地区最大;林地动态度在平原区最大;建设用地的动态度最大位于丘陵;未利用地在小起伏山地地区最大。（3）土地覆被类型之间的主要转化在地貌上也存着差异。平原地区林地的增加主要来自草地转化。台地和丘陵地区3个主要转化类型相似,2000-2005年主要是林地向草地退化,2005-2010年主要是林地和草地的相互转化。在小起伏山地地区,主要是草地和林地之间的相互转化,但草地转化为林地的面积较林地向草地的转化多。中起伏和大起伏山地地区主要以草地和耕地向林地的转化为主,也有较高比例的建设用地转化为林地。封山育林和退耕还林主要是在起伏较大的山地地区,毁林主要发生在地形平缓地区。     

用正行列式解瓶颈指派问题

用正行列式作为工具，给出了瓶颈指派问题新的解法，并利用正行列式的值求出了瓶颈指派问题的全部最优解。最后通过一个实例说明该算法的实用和有效性。     

用正行列式解瓶颈指派问题

用正行列式作为工具,给出了瓶颈指派问题新的解法,并利用正行列式的值求出了瓶颈指派问题的全部最优解。最后通过一个实例说明该算法的实用和有效性。     

利用不溶性钾矿生产钾肥的技术经济评价及发展前景

河南不溶性钾矿主要属于沉积岩型和火成岩型。其中后者是生产钾肥的良好原料。我国过去利用不溶性钾矿制造钾肥多为干法和湿法，因其质量和效益欠佳，未能推广。我们采用激化法和热化学法制造的两种新型钾肥产品——矿物钾肥和矿质复合钾肥，质量上乘，经济效益良好；经烟叶、红薯等农作物田间试验，增产效果明显，具有推广前景。     

基于矿业权实地核查成果数据的重庆市南川区矿政管理信息系统

重庆市南川区矿政监督管理信息系统是以全国矿业权实地核查成果为基础,应用SuperMap 平台将多种矿政管理日常监管数据整合集成,推进矿业权实地核查成果的深度应用,形成矿业权实地核查成果的应用示范,提高矿政管理的监督管理水平,同时探索建立矿政管理“一张图管矿”的模式和机制.     

农用矿产资源的开发利用

农用矿产资源，依其理化性质可分为土壤改良矿物、肥料矿物、饲料矿物和农药矿物四大类。农用矿产资源对提高土壤肥力、植物的生长和动物的繁衍，具有不可替代的作用。     

浅谈三轮区划与地理信息系统

文章简单介绍了三轮区划的工作任务和技术要求 ,以及在三轮区划工作中运用地理信息系统实现多学科矿产综合预测的工作方法。     

Crest-height distribution of nonlinear random waves

The wave crest is an important factor for the design of both fixed and floating marine structures. Wave crest height is a dominant parameter in assessing the likelihood of wave-in-deck impact and resultant severe damage. Many empirical and theoretical distribution functions for wave crest heights have been proposed, but there is a lack of agreement between them. It is of significance to develop a better new nonlinear wave crest height distribution model. The progress in the research of wave crest heights is reviewed in this paper. Based on Stokes’ wave theory, an approximate nonlinear wave crest-height distribution formula with simple parameters is derived. Two sets of measured data are presented and compared with various theoretical distributions of wave crests obtained from nonlinear wave models and analysis of the comparison is given in detail. The new crest-height distribution model agrees well with observations. Also, the new theoretical distribution is more accurate than the other methods cited in this paper and has a greater range of applications.     

青藏高原东北缘尖扎盆地沉积物矿物特征及其古环境意义

应用X射线衍射对青藏髙原东北缘尖扎盆地加让剖面11.8~5.8 Ma的地层沉积物进行矿物分析,结果表明加让剖面沉积物矿物组分主要包括碎屑矿物、碳酸盐矿物和黏土矿物。其中,以碎屑矿物居多,主要是石英、斜长石、云母类矿物(白云母、黑云母),及少量尖晶石、辉石类矿物(普通辉石、锰钙辉石及顽火辉石等)、金红石、刚玉、磁铁矿、钛磁铁矿、榍石、霞石,偶见锆石、石榴子石、锐钛矿;碳酸盐矿物以方解石居为主,白云石占比较少;黏土矿物中,绿泥石占比最高,还有少量赤铁矿、蛭石和沸石。以全岩矿物指标研究为主,结合加让剖面沉积相演化特点,并以磁化率变化为参考,进行系统的矿物学研究,获得了尖扎盆地在11.8~5.8 Ma蕴含的古气候环境演化大致可分为4个阶段:11.8~10.0 Ma,气候干冷期;10.0~8.6 Ma,气候暖湿波动期;8.6~6.2 Ma,气候温暖湿润期;6.2~5.8 Ma,气候干冷期。在约10.0、8.6、7.2 Ma附近,主要矿物占比及组合特征有明显改变,当时的古环境状况发生急剧变化,可能揭示青藏高原东北缘在10~8 Ma期间广泛发生了一系列较强烈的构造运动,来源于周边山脉的剥蚀使得研究区沉积的近源物质增多,约7.2 Ma之后的古环境演化过程主要受青藏高原构造隆升以及全球气候变冷协同影响。     

基于矿业权实地核查成果数据的县(市)矿政管理一张图建设

在简要分析矿业权实地核查成果数据特点的基础上,结合我国矿政管理的实际情况,提出了以单矿业权实地核查成果为基本数据源、以县为基本地域单元的矿政管理一张图建设的基本框架、工作模式和基本方法,对于推进研究成果对矿政管理一张图建设具有重要的探索意义.     

"五统一”矿政管理成功的思考

文章通过介绍钟山县"五统一”矿政管理的成功经验,指出应充分认识矿产资源在社会经济发展中的重要作用以及我国矿产资源面临的严峻形势,提出必须积极依靠科技进步,推进科技创新,注重社会、经济、环保效益,实现可持续发展.     

m维瓶颈指派问题的动态规划模型

m维瓶颈指派问题:把m个人指派到n项工作上(m>n),要求每人只做一件工作,已知每人做每件工作的效益,问题是如何把m人划分成n组m1,m2,…,mn,nΣj=1mj=m,让mj组人去做第j件工作,可使效益最低的一组效益达到最大。本文对此问题建立了动态规划模型,并利用黄金分割律作为工具给出了动态规划模型的解。最后,文章给出一个算例以说明该方法的可行性和有效性。     

Multiplex PCR Sets of Novel Microsatellite Loci for Iwagaki Oyster Crassostrea nippona and Their Application in Parentage Assignment

Iwagaki oyster,Crassostrea nippona,widely distributes along the seashore of Eastern Asia,and has been considered to be a potential breeding species due to its delicious taste and high commercial value.In order to study its genetic background and population structure,we developed 46 novel polymorphic microsatellite markers using next-generation sequencing technique and characterized them in 30 individuals.The number of alleles ranged from 3 to 22,while the observed and expected heterozygosities varied from 0.133 to 1.000 and 0.455 to 0.949,respectively.Fifteen microsatellite markers were selected and grouped into five highly informative multiplex PCRs for C.nippona.We evaluated and validated these multiplex PCRs in a cultured population including 173 candidate parents and 486 offspring.In actual parentage analysis,80%of the offspring were correctly assigned to their parental pairs using three multiplex PCRs.Furthermore,the success rate of parentage assignment reached 96%when the other two multiplex PCRs were added.These 46 microsatellite loci with high variability and the five multiplex PCRs described here provide a powerful tool for pedigree reconstruction,resource conservation and selective breeding program of C.nippona.     

三维电阻率概率成像法研究

电阻率概率成像法是利用地表电场的测量值与电场扫描函数进行归一化的相似程度作为概率的成像方法。根据概率论的基本理论,引入幂函数并推导了电阻率异常发生概率函数。通过数值模型实验对此方法进行了验证,对多个孤立异常体和凹陷模型进行了概率成像。通过对浙江某地实测资料概率成像结果与常规最小二乘法反演结果进行比较表明,三维电阻率概率成像法能较好地分辨地下地电结构。     

浙北龙潭组中高岭石泥岩特征及其成因分析

浙北龙潭组C2煤层底板高岭石泥岩经差热、X线衍射、红外吸收光谱和电镜分析，表明它含丰富的粘土矿物，以高岭石和7埃洛石为主，而石英、菱铁矿、蒙托石和有机质等为次。文中对粘土矿物的特征及形成环境和成因进行了讨论。高岭石泥岩层位稳定、蕴藏量大，对煤系对比、煤层勘探开采和综合开发利用均有重要的地质意义。     

矿产资源展望与西部大开发

对世界上以及中国的矿产资源现状进行了研究,并且从国内外矿产资源形势和世界各国社会经济发展对矿产资源需求趋势方面展望了未来。认为要保证全球经济发展的需要就要公平、合理、科学地配置全球矿产资源;就要切实部署与实施可再生能源、可接替能源、新型矿产资源及替代矿产资源的寻找与开发;就要将新的科学技术应用于矿产资源勘查、开发、利用领域。中国西部地区矿产调查勘查程度很低,但成矿条件很好,有很大的找矿余地。因此,在实施西部大开发战略中,应把西部地区建成中国能源、矿产资源的主要接替区。     

汝州阳坡的洛峪口组

汝州阳坡一带的洛峪口组，归属于上元古界洛峪群。洛峪口组自下而上可划分出四个岩性段，其中一、二段相当于汝阳洛峪口村附近建组剖面上的洛峪口组，三、四段则为汝州地区新发现的地层，它们之间均呈整合接触关系，时代归属晚元古代青白口纪。洛峪口组四个段，在岩性组合上具有较强的规律性，反映出潮下、潮间、潮上的沉积环境交替出现。海平面振荡频繁，发育三个Ⅱ类层序，除Ⅱ３顶部为Ⅰ型层序界面外，其他层序的顶底界面均为Ⅱ型层序界面。三个层序均具有共同的沉积特征，海侵体系域不发育，饥饿段出现的层位低