Fluid Inclusions in the Gold—Bearing Quartz Veins at Um Rus Area,Eastern Desert,Egypt

Fluid inclusions in the gold-bearing quartz veins at the Um Rus area are of three types: H₂O, H₂O−CO₂ and CO₂ inclusions. H₂O inclusions are the most abundant, they include two phases which exhibit low and high homogenization temperatures ranging from 150 to 200°C and 175 to 250°C, respectively. The salinity of aqueous inclusions, based on ice melting, varies between 6.1 and 8 equiv. wt% NaCl. On the other hand, H₂O−CO₂ fluid inclusions include three phases. Their total homogenization temperatures range from 270 to 325°C, and their salinity, based on clathrate melting, ranges between 0.8 and 3.8 equiv. wt% NaCl. CO₂ fluid inclusions homogenize to a liquid phase and exhibit a low density range from 0.52 to 0.66 g/cm³. The partial mixing of H₂O−CO₂ and salt H₂O−NaCl fluid inclusions is the main source of fluids from which the other types of inclusions were derived. The gold-bearing quartz veins are believed to be of medium temperature hydrothermal convective origin.     

坦桑尼亚西北部苏库马绿岩带含金石英脉成矿特征

坦桑尼亚克拉通西北部的苏库马绿岩带是坦桑尼亚环维多利亚湖绿岩带重要的金矿聚集区。区内金矿化类型以含金石英脉为主,矿体的产出主要受剪切构造带控制。通过研究区域构造特征和岩石地球化学特征,认为苏库马绿岩带中玄武岩为弧后环境形成,流纹岩和花岗岩形成于陆弧环境,N--S向挤压作用和E--W向伸展作用是区域内主要的构造展布特征。建立了含金石英脉的成矿模式,表明具有金矿化作用的石英脉集中分布在EW、SEE、NE向剪切构造破碎带中,含金石英脉富矿体的形成经历了多期构造变形和成矿流体的叠加、富集作用。     

山东省胶东地区焦家式金矿床中含金石英大脉流体包裹体的特征

著名的焦家式金矿以破碎蚀变岩型矿化为特征,但近年来也发现有含金石英大脉。含金石英大脉的流体包裹体以气液两相为主,含液相CO2包裹体次之;均一温度主峰在290℃附近,次峰在200℃附近;盐度主要为(2～10)%NaCl;估算压力为20～38MPa;包裹体气相成分以H2O为主,其次为CO2;黄铁矿包裹体离子组成一般Na+>K+>Ca2+,SO42->Cl->F-,石英包裹体离子组成一般K+>Na+>Ca2+(变形石英Na+>K+>Ca2+),SO42->Cl->F-。焦家式金矿含金石英大脉的上述特征与玲珑式金矿含金石英脉类似,但与处于同一矿床的破碎蚀变岩型矿化有一定差异。含金石英大脉以充填为特征,而破碎蚀变岩型矿化以交代为特征。     

南秦岭安康地区高纯石英用脉石英矿特征及质量影响因素

南秦岭安康地区志留系梅子垭组千枚岩中赋存丰富的脉石英矿产资源, 但其作为高纯石英原料研究程度低, 尤其是对其中影响石英提纯的痕量杂质元素含量及其赋存状态缺乏系统认识, 很大程度制约了该区高纯石英原料的质量评价和进一步的找矿突破。本文在厘定安康地区脉石英地质发育特征的基础上, 对研究区产出的3件脉状石英样品(AK200、AK201、AK202)开展了样品杂质元素检测, 对样品矿物学特征、杂质赋存形式和可提纯性能进行了研究, 进而进行了提纯实验, 结果显示, 3件样品提纯后SiO₂含量分别为99.993 11%、99.997 66%和99.998 58%, 均达到高纯石英产品质量要求, 其中AK202样品提纯后达到4N8级。研究表明, 提纯后Al、Ti、Na、K为主要杂质元素, Al可能以杂质矿物、晶格杂质两种方式存在; Ti可能多以晶格杂质的方式存在; Na、K多以流体包裹体的方式存在; 杂质矿物、流体包裹体、晶格杂质对该区脉石英质量均产生不同程度影响, 其中流体包裹体为主要影响因素, 晶格杂质次之, 杂质矿物影响最小。这一结论对于评价该区的脉石英矿产资源质量、明确今后找矿目标体特征具有重要参考意义。     

滇西景谷地区澜沧江沿岸早古生代构造片岩中石英脉的成因与变形

滇西景谷县澜沧江沿岸出露的下古生界内发育一套构造片岩,空间上呈NNW—SSE向展布,岩性以绢云母石英构造片岩为主。岩石发生了强烈的塑性流变,大量发育有细脉状、透镜状的石英脉。石英脉的宏观与显微构造变形特征反映其为同构造分泌结晶脉,形成机制与韧性剪切带中物质的溶解、迁移、重结晶作用密切相关。石英原生气液包裹体显微测温实验表明,石英脉形成时的温压条件为：T=500℃,p=0.498GPa,反映构造片岩的变质程度达到了中、高绿片岩相。     

滇西景谷地区澜沧江沿岸早古生代构造片岩中石英脉的成因与变形

滇西景谷县澜沧江沿岸出露的下古生界内发育一套构造片岩,空间上呈NNW—SSE向展布,岩性以绢云母石英构造片岩为主。岩石发生了强烈的塑性流变,大量发育有细脉状、透镜状的石英脉。石英脉的宏观与显微构造变形特征反映其为同构造分泌结晶脉,形成机制与韧性剪切带中物质的溶解、迁移、重结晶作用密切相关。石英原生气液包裹体显微测温实验表明,石英脉形成时的温压条件为：T=500℃,p=0.498GPa,反映构造片岩的变质程度达到了中、高绿片岩相。     

小秦岭地区中深部含金石英脉的同位素地球化学特征及其意义

对小秦岭地区中深部含金石英脉的氢、氧、硫、氦和氩同位素地球化学研究表明，本区的成矿流体主要来源于深部，随着成矿过程的进行，表现出深源流体不断与浅部流体混合的演化趋势。结合前人的研究成果，根据成矿作用与区域伸展构造演化之间的耦合关系，指出小秦岭地区金的成矿作用主要发生于中生代晚期的后碰撞阶段，在由深部过程引发的伸展构造背景下，深部流体沿伸展构造系统向上运移，不断与浅部流体混合，与围岩发生水-岩相互作用，使流体系统中的成矿物质不断富集，最终在剪切扩容空间中富集成矿。     

江西茅排金矿流体包裹体研究

流体包裹体的系统研究表明茅排金矿形成于中高温、中低压环境。从成矿早期至成矿晚期,成矿温度和压力、成矿流体的盐度、密度、Eh、pH、fo_2以及成分和氢氧同位素组成等具一定的演化规律。成矿流体主要来自岩浆热液,属H_2O-NaCl-CO_2(+CH_4)体系,富含CO_2、CH_4等挥发分。成矿晚期成矿流体出现不混溶性,有利于金的富集沉淀。流体包裹体中某些特征参数K~+/Na~+、CO_2/H_2O和含CO_2包裹体的丰度可作为金矿化贫富的判别标志。     

内蒙古白乃庙金矿含金石英脉LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年及其地质意义

为了厘定内蒙古白乃庙金矿床的成矿时代,对矿区主要含金石英脉中热液蚀变锆石进行了LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年。结果表明,锆石热液蚀变特征明显,具有清晰的核—幔—边结构,锆石核、幔均为岩浆锆石或变质锆石,热液蚀变增生边呈自形—半自形结构,Th/U值集中于0.2~0.5之间,测年数据为421.4~447.6Ma,认为金矿形成时代为志留纪。从区域成矿规律分析,初步认为白乃庙金矿床的形成与早古生代古亚洲板块向华北地块强烈俯冲引起的构造—岩浆活动密切相关。     

河北中山沟金矿含金石英脉中锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素研究

热液石英脉型金矿石中锆石可以来自围岩,也可以由热液活动形成.因此,对其研究有助于揭示成岩成矿信息.中山沟金矿位于河北省张家口—宣化(张宣)地区,主要呈石英脉型产于水泉沟岩体西段,是张宣幔枝构造核部的典型金矿床之一.本文在矿区地质特征基础上,主要开展含金石英脉内锆石形态学特征、LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素测年以及H...     

Structural geochemistry of gold mineralization in the Linglong-Jiaojia district, Shandong Province, China

The Linglong-Jiaojia district is one of the most important regions containing gold deposits in China. These gold deposits can be divided into: a) the pyrite-gold-quartz vein type (Linglong type), which is controlled by brittle-ductile to ductile deformation structures, and b) the alteration-zone type (Jiaojia type), characterized by small veinlets, or the disseminated type recognized in brittle shear zones. Lode gold deposits in the Jiaojia area occur in NE brittle fracture zones, formed in a dominantly simple shear deformation regime, mainly in thrust attitude with a minor sinistral strike slip component. In the Linglong area, the lode gold deposits are located at the intersection of three types of structures: NNE and NE brittle-ductile fault zones and the ENE ductile reverse shear zone in the south of the area. The structural characteristics of these brittle shear zones are consistent with a tectonic NNW-SSE principal stress field orientation. Similar stresses explain the ENE Qixia fold axes, the Potouqing and several other ENE reverse ductile shear zones elsewhere in the region, the Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone and its subsidiaries in the vicinity of the Linglong-Jiaojia district, as well as the southern ENE suture zone north of Qingdao. Therefore these structural systems occurred as part of different major tectonic events under NNW-SSE compression principal stress fields in the area. Gold deposits are hosted in smaller-scale structures within the brittle fault zones and brittle-ductile shear zones. Although ore bodies and, on a smaller scale, quartz ore veins often seem to be randomly oriented, it is possible to explain their distribution and orientation in terms of the simple shear deformation process under which they were developed. The progressive simple shear failure is characterized by various fracture modes (tension and shear) that intervene in sequence. The tension and shear fractures are influenced by the stress level (depth of burial beneath the paleosurface) in their structural behavior, show variable dilatancy (void openings) and extend on all scales. By making use of these characteristics, a progressive failure analysis can be applied to predicting the shape and extent of ore bodies as well as the styles of mineralization at any given location.     

三山岛蚀变岩型金矿床与含金石英大脉的产出特征及形成机制①

三山岛金矿主矿体以破碎蚀变岩型矿化为特征,近年发现有含金石英大脉。含金石英大脉的地质特征与玲珑式金矿含金石英脉类似,但与处于同一矿床的破碎蚀变岩型矿化有一定差异。含金石英大脉以充填为特征,而破碎蚀变岩型矿化以交代为特征。     

吉林板庙子金矿床流体包裹体特征及其地质意义

板庙子金矿床地处夹皮沟成矿带西部,为一受韧性剪切带控制的中型规模矿床,矿化类型为含金石英脉型。流体包裹体有CO₂三相、气液两相包裹体两种类型。测温结果显示：含CO₂三相包裹体均一温度为250～326℃、盐度(w(NaCl）)为4.51%～7.14% ;气液两相包裹体均一温度为129～229℃、w（NaCl）为5.25%～7.01%。据包裹体的测温结果估算成矿压力为34.7～109.6 MPa,矿床形成深度约6～7 km。结合该区成矿地质背景,认为该矿床属中深层次矿床,其深部仍应有一定的找矿前景。     

西秦岭凤太矿集区丝毛岭金矿床地质地球化学特征

西秦岭凤太矿集区丝毛岭金矿床位于八卦庙造山型金矿床西侧5km左右,是一个新探明的剪切带型金矿。其成矿作用过程可分为早期石英-绢云母-硫化物阶段、中期多金属-硫化物阶段和晚期碳酸盐阶段。对早、中期的石英流体包裹体测试结果表明,丝毛岭金矿床成矿流体以富CO2、中温、低盐度为特征,总体上属于中温低盐度CO2-H2O体系,流体包裹体类型的多样性是流体不混溶性的产物。从早阶段到主成矿阶段成矿流体的温度、压力和盐度均有降低,硫逸度增高,有利于金的沉淀富集。H、O、S、C同位素研究结果,以及与八卦庙金矿床的对比分析表明,二者的成矿流体具有相似性和同源性,都是以深部来源为主的多源流体。由于丝毛岭金矿床产出的层位高于八卦庙金矿床,其成矿环境相对开放。     

Ore Genesis and Tectonic Significance of the Xiaojiashan Tungsten Deposit,Eastern Tianshan,Xinjiang, China: Evidence from Geology,Fluid Inclusions,and Stable Isotope Geochemistry

The Xiaojiashan tungsten deposit is located about 200 km northwest of Hami City, the Eastern Tianshan orogenic belt, Xinjiang, northwestern China, and is a quartz vein‐type tungsten deposit. Combined fluid inclusion microthermometry, host rock geochemistry, and H–O isotopic compositions are used to constrain the ore genesis and tectonic setting of the Xiaojiashan tungsten deposit. The orebodies occur in granite intrusions adjacent to the metamorphic crystal tuff, which consists of the second lithological section of the first Sub‐Formation of the Dananhu Formation (D₂d ₁²). Biotite granite is the most widely distributed intrusive bodies in the Xiaojiashan tungsten deposit. Altered diorite and metamorphic crystal tuff are the main surrounding rocks. The granite belongs to peraluminous A‐type granite with high potassic calc‐alkaline series, and all rocks show light Rare Earth Element (REE)‐enriched patterns. The trace element characters suggest that crystallization differentiation might even occur in the diagenetic process. The granite belongs to postcollisional extension granite, and the rocks formed in an extensional tectonic environment, which might result from magma activity in such an extensional tectonic environment. Tungsten‐bearing quartz veins are divided into gray quartz vein and white quartz veins. Based on petrography observation, fluid inclusions in both kinds of vein quartz are mainly aqueous inclusions. Microthermometry shows that gray quartz veins have 143–354°C of T_h, and white quartz veins have 154–312°C of T_h. The laser‐Raman test shows that CO₂ is found in fluid inclusions of the tungsten‐bearing quartz veins. Quadrupole mass spectrometry reveals that fluid inclusions contain major vapor‐phase contents of CO₂, H₂O. Meanwhile, fluid inclusions contain major liquid‐phase contents of Cl^?, Na⁺. It can be speculated that the ore‐forming fluid of the Xiaojiashan tungsten deposit is characterized by an H₂O–CO₂, low salinity, and H₂O–CO₂–NaCl system. The range of hydrogen and oxygen isotope compositions indicated that the ore‐forming fluids of the tungsten deposit were mainly magmatic water. The ore‐forming age of the Xiaojiashan deposit should to be ~227 Ma. During the ore‐forming process, the magmatic water had separated from magmatic intrusions, and the ore‐bearing complex was taken to a portion where tungsten‐bearing ores could be mineralized. The magmatic fluid was mixed by meteoric water in the late stage.     

模糊数学在小秦岭某金矿区土壤重金属污染评价中的应用

在系统分析研究区土壤重金属元素含量特征、分布特征及变异特征的基础上,运用模糊数学法,以Hg、Pb、Cd、Cr、As、Cu、Zn等7种重金属元素作为评价因子,计算各评价因子的权重,构建隶属函数,建立模糊综合评价模型.用此模型对2009年采集的土壤样进行计算,结果显示研究区38.36％的土壤受到中度以上污染.     

小秦岭金矿含金石英脉中石英晶体微形貌研究

利用微分干涉显微镜等手段对小秦岭金矿含金石英脉中不同成矿阶段的石英晶体微形貌进行了研究。石英晶体{101^-1}、{011^-1}、{101^-0}单形晶面上不同特征的微形貌对了解石英晶体的生长机理、生长速率、生长环境的变化及成矿溶液的过饱和度具有重要意义，同时也可提供成矿阶段划分及晶体生长时热力学条件的信息。     

西秦岭中川地区金矿床流体包裹体特征及地质意义

对西秦岭中川地区李坝、金山和马泉等大中型金矿床主要成矿阶段石英中流体包裹体的系统研究表明，这些金矿床原生流体包裹体主要有CO2—H2O、富CO2和水溶液包裹体3种类型，成矿流体以CO2—NaCl-H2O型为主，富CO2、低盐度、高温和不混溶为其主要特点。结合区内已有同位素资料、区域地质背景和成岩成矿特点，推断流体成矿作用与区内大量中生代同熔或重熔岩浆作用及其上侵定位有密切关系，成矿流体主要来源于岩浆，混入有不同程度的变质水和大气降水，并且有深部来源物质参与成矿。