自流观测井泄漏的处理与水动力参数的试验研究

本文以苏１８井为例介绍了自流井泄漏的处理技术与井口动力参数的试验结果，采用钻也漏仪确定泄漏部位，内衬套管对环状间隙灌浆的堵漏技术，效果良好。采用不同泄水孔断面积对井口水动力参数进行了系列观测试验，对试验结果了分析，并推导了各参量间的函数关系，两者相当吻合，可以互相印证。     

地震次生毒气泄漏与扩散的数值模拟与动态仿真

文章对破坏性地震中可能发生的次生毒气泄漏与扩散灾害进行了数值模拟与动态仿真研究，设定了几种有实际意义的数值分析模型，分别进行了结构地震破坏，有毒有害气体泄漏，在一定泄漏和气象条件下的向周围空间扩散的动态仿真研究，给出了典型毒气扩散过程中可致人员死亡，严重危险和有感区域的范围的动态变化结果，作者认为地震次生毒气泄漏与扩散研究对大地震应急、城市和大型企业防灾都有重要的意义和广阔的应用前景。     

河北省北部地震次生灾害预测

在收集大量调查资料的基础上,对河北省北部地震次生灾害做了预测,认为地震火灾、毒气泄漏和地震水灾是震后可能发生的较为严重的地震次生灾害。张家口、宣化、唐山和秦皇岛市具备发生大型地震火灾的条件,张家口市、怀来县和唐山市有可能发生地震引发的毒气泄漏、官厅、密云、陡河及山西省的册田水库大坝震后出现险情引起的地震水灾将对我省北部造成危害。地震造成的剧毒物质、腐蚀性物质及人工放射源的泄漏的散落也应引起高度重视     

不规则地震道数据规则化重建方法研究

不规则地震数据会对地震多道处理技术的正确运行产生不良影响,降低地震资料处理质量.本文依据不规则地震数据的表现特征将其划分为四种类型并针对第三类不规则地震道数据采用抗泄露Fourier变换方法进行规则化重建.不规则采样数据会破坏Fourier基函数的正交性并产生频谱泄漏现象.抗泄露Fourier变换方法通过递归相减来压制...     

SS—Y型短基线伸缩仪及其标定装置

介绍了SS－Y型基线伸缩仪总体设计思想、整体结构和主要部件的工作原理及台站试验情况，试验表明，，由于使用含饴特种因瓦棒、（为基线）和高灵敏度的换能器、精度超微量标定平台以及有效的操作系统，在缩短基线的条件下，保持了高精度与高稳定性，在NS分量不大于6m, EW分量不大于10m的基线上，能记录到清晰的应变固体潮汐、其观测精度优于现有台站的观测水平，并彻底地解决了石英管炸裂、汞泄漏污染现象，同时，智能化记录控制器提供了自动化程度。     

青海省兴海7.0级地震前兆

介绍了青海省兴海７．０级地震前水氡，地下水位，地表形变，地震活动性，气象及动物等出现的异常，并对震前的预报作了简介。     

地震次生灾害及其研究现状

破坏性地震大都伴随次生灾害发生,常引发的地震次生灾害有火灾、水灾、毒气泄漏与扩散、爆炸、放射性污染、滑坡、泥石流、海啸等。本文综述了国内外地震次生灾害研究现状,特别详细地讨论了次生火灾、水灾、毒气泄漏与扩散、爆炸、山地地质灾害和海啸等研究内容和取得的重要研究成果。针对目前地震次生灾害研究所存在的问题,提出了进一步研究的建议。     

邛崃4.5级地震与震后趋势判断

邛崃地震发生后，成都市地震局很快做出反应，及时开展了地震考察并做出了正确的震后趋势判断，取得了较好的社会效益。     

燃气管网抗震分析中的阀隔离区搜索算法

破坏性地震发生后,燃气管网系统应急抢修工作的首要步骤是将发生破坏并导致燃气泄漏的管段与正常管段隔离,然后才能开展修复作业.对于大型复杂网络系统,由于管段破坏所形成的需要与系统主体分离的隔离区不能仅凭人工进行判断,必须依靠搜索算法才能确定各个隔离区.本文对阀隔离区搜索方法进行了研究,给出了一个搜索算法,编制了计算软件,并对一假设管网进行了算例分析,验证了算法和软件的可靠性.     

地震活动性研究中资料可靠性及其他影响震兆异常识别的问题

从地震目录的完整性和连续性，地震定位和震级测定的精度，统计时空范围的选取和地震活动随时间起伏的确定等方面论述了地震活动性研究中必须重视资料可靠性，并评述了一些资料预处理方法的优缺点。     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases     

Solute concentrations in the lower niger river and the source rock contribution

Water quality analyses for the Niger River for the 1980/81 hydrological year are presented. The samples were collected from the main river at Lokoja, and from two main tributaries, the Kaduna and the Benue Rivers. Different water types were distinguished by the concentrations of major ions. The type Ca > Na > Mg > K - HCO₃ > SO₄ > Cl was represented at all stations during at least part of the year. Chloride was found to dominate the sulphate ion in the Kaduna and Niger, while the Benue maintained a higher concentration of sulphate relative to chloride all year round. Distinct patterns of seasonal variation in the ion concentrations were observed, particularly for the samples collected at Lokoja. Low ion concentrations were prominent during periods of high discharge, while low flow periods coincided with high dissolved ion concentrations. The contribution of rainwater to the total dissolved solids in the river waters was assessed indirectly using rainwater chemistry data from the Gulf of Guinea. The estimated rainwater contribution to the Lower Niger amounts to 5.15 mg 1^?1. Geochemical weathering calculations involving reactions of the four major minerals of granitic rocks - anorthite, biotite, albite, and K-feldspar - with carbon dioxide and water, can account for the average water composition of the Lower Niger. The proportion of the ionic components was also related to the occurrence of the respective element in the minerals.