铜陵中生代中酸性侵入岩特征及成因

铜陵地区中酸性侵入岩可以划分为橄榄安粗岩系列和高钾钙碱性系列,橄榄安粗岩系列的岩石组合为辉石二长闪长岩+二长闪长岩+石英二长岩,这些岩石的里特曼指数大于4( 变化于4.2~5.8之间),岩石的稀土总量((REE) 变化于211×10-6~264×10-6 之间,且与金矿床关系较密切.高钾钙碱性系列侵入岩岩石组合为闪长岩+石英二长闪长岩+花岗闪长岩,岩石的里特曼指数小于4(1.8~3.2),ΣREE为130×10-6~188×10-6,与铜矿床关系较为密切.结合包体岩石学研究得出,橄榄安粗岩系列岩浆为幔源碱性基性岩浆分异的产物, 高钾钙碱性系列岩浆是分异的幔源岩浆和壳源酸性岩浆混合的产物.     

铜陵矿集区燕山期中酸性侵入岩地球化学特征及其地质意义

铜陵矿集区燕山期中酸性侵入岩由橄榄玄粗质系列和高钾钙碱性系列岩石组成,两者的岩石化学和地球化学特征存在差异,相互间不存在岩浆分异演化关系.稀土和微量元素以及O、Pb、Sr、Nd同位素研究表明,高钾钙碱性系列侵入岩的原始岩浆以下地壳深变质岩部分熔融岩浆为主,在有幔源玄武质岩浆注入的情况下先于橄榄玄粗质系列岩浆侵位形成;起源于富集地幔的碱性玄武岩与有限的地壳物质发生同化混染并通过结晶分异作用(AFC)形成了橄榄玄粗质系列侵入岩.下地壳或岩石圈地幔拆沉继而环流热幔上涌是本区侵入岩形成的直接起因;同时,侵入岩浆的强烈活动也是本区构造环境由挤压向伸展转换的标志.     

铜陵中酸性侵入岩成因及锆石SHRIMP定年

铜陵地区高钾钙碱性系列侵入岩包括辉长闪长岩+石英二长闪长岩+花岗闪长岩,橄榄安粗岩系列侵入岩包括辉石二长闪长岩+二长岩+石英二长岩。高钾钙碱性系列侵入岩中含有富云母包体和微粒闪长质包体以及镁铁质石英二长闪长质包体,与区内的铜(金)矿化关系密切;橄榄安粗岩系列岩体中含多种深源堆积岩包体,与金(铜)、银、铅、锌等矿化关系密切。锆石SHRIMP定年结果表明,石英二长闪长岩为140Ma左右,花岗闪长岩为142～146Ma,辉长闪长岩为143Ma,辉石二长闪长岩为138～142Ma,二长岩为143Ma,可见两个系列侵入岩的年龄既有一定的差别,也有一些重叠。岩石地球化学及包体岩石学研究表明,橄榄安粗岩系列岩石可能为幔源碱性玄武质岩浆分异后形成,高钾钙性系列岩石可能为分异的幔源岩浆与壳源岩浆混合后形成。     

Geochronology of Intermediate-Acid Intrusive Rocks from Tongling, Anhui

1. Introduction Tongling district is situated in the southern part of the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Anhui province, China (Fig.1). It is one of the most important metal base in China, being rich copper material resources, also named "ancient copper capital of China". Many geologists have been working in petrology, tectonics and ore-deposits in the area for many years. Studies show none of the ore-deposits is not bound up with the intermediate-acid intrusion in the area (Ma…     

铜陵地区中酸性侵入岩的懈体岩石学研究

铜陵地区中生代中酸性侵入岩中含有捕虏体、残余体和岩产乐包体三大类型，其中岩浆包体包堆积岩包体、堆积晶包体、混杂岩包体和冷凝边包体。各类石包体的岩石学、矿物学、地球化学特征均不相同，反映了它们成因上的差异。     

铜陵地区中酸性侵入岩锆石群结晶特征及成因

铜陵地区中生代中酸性侵入岩锆石的晶面统计分布，呈不对称正态和不对称对数正态的单峰、双峰和双曲线型；同时，同一岩体中出现不同端员锆石群晶型的共生，它们反映岩浆混合作用的存在。由锆石晶面统计分析可以求得不同类型岩方开始与终止结晶的温度：辉石二长闪长岩，９００－７００℃；石英二长闪长岩，８５０－６５０℃；花岗闪长岩，８００－６５０℃；花岗闪长斑岩，６５０－６００℃。岩浆物理学研究表明，高粘度的花岗闪长斑岩岩浆有利于钻石（３１１）晶面发育，低粘度的辉石二长闪长岩岩浆有利于钻石（１１１）晶面发育。锆石群的平均碱度指数和平均温度指数相关图解表明，本区中酸性侵入岩岩浆的物质来源为幔壳混源型。     

AFC混合与铜陵地区侵入岩的成因

岩浆的混合有多种方式。国内使用较多的是简单二元混合模式，但更为普遍的应该是ＡＦＣ混合，即在岩浆同化围岩的同时有矿物结晶伴随。根据热平衡原理，岩浆同化围岩所需要的热由结晶潜热提供，否则同化作用将很快中止。Ｎｄ、Ｓｒ同位素在反映ＡＦＣ混合时最为有效．根据Ｎｄ、Ｓｒ同位素数据，结合岩石学资料，应用ＤｅＰａｌｏ提出的公式所做的成因模拟表明，铜陵地区岩浆岩可能是幔源碱性玄武岩浆同化古老麻粒岩相下地壳的产物，幔源组份约占７０％。     

Types of Enclaves and Their Features and Origins in Intermediate-Acid Intrusive Rocks from the Tongling District, Anhui Province, China

Enclaves in intermediate-acid plutons from Tongling can be divided into three types: xenoliths, relics and magmatogenic enclaves. The magmatogenic enclaves consist of cumulates, micrograined dioritite mixtite and dioritic chilled border enclaves. Petrologically, relics with eyed and meta-poikilitic texture are characterized by high content of biotite (>80%) and low content of cordierite and grossular. The cumulates with accumulate texture consist of a great amount of pyroxene, hornblende and minor spinel and phlogopite. The micrograined dioritic mixtite is composed of more hornblendes and feldspar and less needle apatites and an ellipsoid basic core included in plagio-clase. The chilled border enclaves have the same mineral association, but more dark minerals than the host rocks consisting of plagioclase, quartz, alkaline feldspar, hornblende and biotite. Geochemically, the relics exhibit high REE content (455.8×10-6) and high ratio of LREE/HREE, more obvious Eu negative anomaly and are rich in Cr and     

铜陵中酸性侵入岩同源包体特征及岩浆动力学

铜陵地区中生代中酸性侵入岩的钙碱性系列岩石中,发育同源浅源包体(闪长质微粒包体),而碱性系列岩石中发育同源深源包体(辉石岩和角闪石岩)。它们在矿物化学、稀土微量元素地球化学特征方面与其寄主岩石具有相似性,但在形成的物理化学条件和岩浆动力学特征方面存在一定的差异。反映了它们是同源岩浆在不同岩浆作用阶段的产物,即深源包体来自深位岩浆房中的堆积岩碎块,而浅源包体则来自浅位岩浆房的冷凝边碎块。     

安徽铜陵沙滩脚矿田中酸性侵入岩成因及构造意义

安徽省铜陵地区是中国著名的以矽卡岩和斑岩型矿床为主的铜-金多金属矿集区,区内广泛产出的中酸性侵入岩与成矿关系十分密切。沙滩脚矿田位于该矿集区的东部,出露沙滩脚、桂花冲和姚家岭岩体及其不同规模、不同矿化类型的铜、金、锌等矿床,岩体对成矿起了重要的控制作用。本文在前人研究的基础上,对该矿田内的沙滩脚、姚家岭、桂花冲3个岩体进行了详细的岩石学、地球化学和锆石U-Pb年代学研究,以期查明沙滩脚矿田中酸性侵入岩的成因及成岩构造环境。岩石地球化学分析表明,3个岩体具有准铝质特征,均属于高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩类,轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,具有弱的负Eu异常,富集Rb、Th等元素,亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素。姚家岭岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄为140.4~140.9 Ma,沙滩脚岩体形成时代相对较早（141.4~144.1 Ma）,桂花冲岩体形成相对较晚（138.3Ma）。结合区域地质背景,笔者认为沙滩脚矿田的这些岩体形成于早白垩世伸展环境,是由来自于富集地幔的分异的碱性玄武质岩浆与地壳易熔组分部分熔融形成的花岗质岩浆混合后分期侵位形成的。     

安徽铜陵凤凰山燕山期中酸性侵入岩地球化学特征及其与金属成矿关系

安徽铜陵凤凰山铜矿是铜陵矿集区内最典型的矽卡岩型铜矿床之一,也是凤凰山矿田内规模最大的铜矿床。矿区内新屋里岩体属于高钾钙碱性系列,主要岩性为石英二长闪长岩和花岗闪长岩。岩石地球化学特征表明凤凰山中酸性侵入岩岩浆属于壳幔混合型,原始岩浆来源于上地幔碱性玄武岩区并有地壳物质混染,在岩浆不断演化过程中有外来物质的加入,成岩过程以混合作用为主。凤凰山铜矿体分布于岩体与大理岩的内矽卡岩带上,岩体中铜含量较高。铜矿体是岩浆期后热液交代碳酸盐地层形成的。矿体的空间分布受构造变形-岩浆侵入高温高压作用的双重控制。矿化经历了从高温矽卡岩阶段到中低温热液阶段的多期次复合成矿作用。     

Late Mesozoic high-K calc-alkaline magmatism in Southeast China: the Tongling example

ABSTRACT

We report new zircon U–Pb ages, Hf isotopic and geochemical results for the Tongling granitic plutons of Southeast China. SHRIMP U–Pb ages for the Miaojia quartz monzodiorite porphyrite,the Tianebaodan and Tongguanshan quartz monzodiorites, the Xinqiaotou granodiorite porphyry, and the Shatanjiao and Nanhongchong granodiorite are 143 ± 2, 141 ± 1 and 142 ± 1, 147 ± 1, and 145 ± 1 and 139 ± 1 Ma, respectively. Combined with previous geochronological data, our results indicate that the porphyritic rocks are older than rocks of the same type lacking porphyritic texture. Geochemically, these high-K calc-alkaline intrusive rocks are characterized by arc-like trace element distribution patterns, with significant enrichment in LILE and LREE but depletion in HFSE. Lu–Hf isotopic compositions of zircons from the high-K calc-alkaline (HKCA) rocks have ε_Hf(t) values of magmatic 139–147 Ma zircons from ?8.1 to ?25.6, with two-stage model ages (t_DM2) of 1.71–2.67 Ga, whereas ε_Hf(t) values of inherited 582–844 Ma zircons range from 5.4 to ?9.5, with t_DM2 of 1.39–2.22 Ma, younger than t_DM2 values of igneous zircon, indicating that newly formed mantle material was added to the continental crust of the Yangtze Block. Moreover, ε_Hf(t) values of inherited zircon cores older than 1000 Ma are from ?7.8 to ?26, similar to magmatic zircons, and the t_DM2 values are all greater than 3.0 Ga (3.16–3.75 Ga), reflecting partial melting of ancient sialic material. We conclude that the plutonic melts were derived from both the enriched mantle and the ancient crust. The HKCA Tongling intrusions coincide temporally with the J₃–K₁ magmatic event that was widespread in Southeast China. This igneous activity may have accompanied sinistral slip along the Tan-Lu fault due to oblique subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific plate.     

云南中甸地区浪都高钾中酸性侵入岩的地球化学特征

中甸地区浪都中酸性侵入岩在空间上与浪都夕卡岩型铜矿床共生,主要由石英二长斑岩、石英闪长斑岩和花岗闪长斑岩组成。这些侵入岩大多表现出高钾(K2O大于3%)的特征,在K2O-SiO2图上所有样品均落入高钾钙碱性和钾玄岩区域。在稀土元素球粒陨石标准化图上表现为轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损(LaN/YbN=14.3～21.2)、铕弱负异常至无异常(δEu=0.77～1.00);在原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图上,K、Rb、Sr、Ba等元素表现出正异常,而Nb、Ta和Ti等元素表现出负异常的特征。浪都侵入岩的87Sr/86Sr初始值为0.7044～0.7069,εNd(t)值为-2.8～-2.2。结合主量、微量元素及Sr-Nd同位素组成,本研究认为浪都岩浆来源于交代地幔,很可能受到了俯冲带流体交代和地壳物质混染的影响,表明浪都中酸性侵入岩的形成与甘孜-理塘洋的俯冲有关。     

北祁连山石灰沟奥陶纪岛弧火山岩系岩浆性质的确定

北祁连山石灰沟地区发育一套完整的奥陶纪岛弧火山岩系。中奥陶世始岛弧形成,初期为拉斑玄武质岩浆喷发,尔后以钙碱性火山活动为主,至中奥陶世末岛弧演化成熟,产生橄榄玄武质火山作用。     

安徽铜陵地区晚中生代早、晚两期侵入岩的地质和地球化学特征

安徽铜陵地区是中国东部长江中下游构造-岩浆-成矿带中的一个重要矿集区,区内铜金多金属矿床与晚中生代 （燕山晚期） 岩浆作用具有密切的成因联系。以往研究认为,铜陵地区侵入岩的同位素地质年龄集中于147~135 Ma区间, 结合最新的同位素地质年龄测定发现,铜陵地区还存在部分锆石U-Pb年龄介于132~124 Ma间的侵入岩。因此,将铜陵地 区晚中生代侵入岩划分为早、晚两期,对应的地质时代分别为晚侏罗世-早白垩世和早白垩世。文章系统对比和研究了铜 陵地区早、晚两期侵入岩的岩石类型、产状、空间分布等地质特征,以及主量、微量和稀土元素地球化学特征,并对比长 江中下游构造-岩浆-成矿带宁芜地区和庐枞地区火山-侵入岩,认为铜陵地区晚中生代早晚两期侵入岩分别形成于陆内 挤压-伸展过渡和伸展的构造应力背景之下,晚期侵入岩是早期岩浆房中的岩浆再次侵位和深部地壳进一步熔融岩浆侵位 形成的,与之相应的成矿作用不容忽视。     

安徽铜陵狮子山矿田夕卡岩型金矿床的矿物组合、化学成分及成因意义

包村和朝山金矿床位于安徽铜陵狮子山矿田，属于夕卡型岩金矿床，侵入岩体分别为包村石英闪长岩体和白芒山辉石闪长岩体。通过矿相鉴定和电子探针分析，对矿床中的自然金进行了详细的观察和研究。结果表明，在两个矿床中，金矿物均以独立的自然金颗粒形式产出，且常具有“银边结构”，但在自然金的嵌布方式、载体矿物、形态、大小、金银含量变化和成色等方面表现出显著差别。根据自然金的不同特征，对金矿床的成因进行分类，包村金矿床属于Cu-Au共生，而朝山矿床为Cu-Pb-Zn-Au共生型金矿床。不同矿床不同的金产状主要是由于金的运移、络合物种类、温度、pH和金银络合物活度比值等因素赞成的。此外，包村矿床和朝山矿床在地表均遭受氧化作用形成表生矿床，其表生金成色均明显高于原生金，且成分均一。     

安徽铜陵矿集区硅质岩成因及意义

铜陵地区二叠系栖霞组到大隆组(P_1q—P_2d)各层位中硅质岩分布广泛。通过野外地质填图过程中的详细观察和硅质岩常量元素、稀土元素和微量元素的分析,结果表明,这些硅质岩是热水活动间歇式、多次活动的结果。硅质岩构成铜陵地区二叠系主要的矿(源)层或矿胚层(Protore)之一。硅质岩具有低 Fe_2O_3/FeO、SiO_2/Al_2O_3、SiO_2/(K_2O+Na_2O)、SiO_2/MgO、MnO_2/TiO_2 值;低 Co高 Ni,Co/Ni<1,U/Th>1;低 ∑REE,负 Ce异常,重稀土相对富集等热水沉积物的特征,为热水沉积的结果。氧同位素估算的热水古温度为49～249℃(高温部分有后期岩浆的叠加扰动)。硅质岩是铜陵地区二叠系层控矿床的重要找矿标志,对于隐伏矿床的寻找和矿产预测具有重要意义。     

安徽铜陵地区成矿控制因素的探讨

铜陵地区是长江中下游铁铜硫金成矿带的重要成矿区。区内矿床众多，类型复杂，成因多样。为了查明本区的控矿因素，本文运用宏、微观相结合，地质观察研究与同位素、稀土元素等地球化学以及流体包裹体分析相结合的方法，区域地质背景、地层岩性、岩浆岩、构造及成矿流体性质等与成矿的关系，认为不同成因、不同类型的矿床所受的控制因素具有明显差异。     

Discovery of Pyrrhotite-Chalcopyrite-Bearing Amphibole Megacrysts in Tongling Area, Anhui Province

Some pyrrhotite-chalcopyrite-bearing amphibole megacrysts (including pyroxene megacrysts) were discovered in Mesozoic augite diorite-porphyrite at Caoshan in Tongling area, Anhui Province. The amphibole megacrysts, belonging mainly to pargasite and magnesiohastingsite, are characteristic of the amphibole composition derived from mantle and crystallized in lower crust. In general, the aggregates of pyrrhotite-chalcopyrite take the shapes of cylinder and sphere. Three occurrences have been recognized in the amphibole megacrysts: parallel linear, bunchy and scattered. The unique cylinder-like shape of the aggregates and remarkable Ni-poor sulfides in Caoshan are distinctively different from the spherical Ni-rich sulfides in pyroxene megacrysts and any other kinds of megacrysts. In terms of composition, the amphibole megacrysts and their sulfides in Caoshan are similar to those in the pyroxenite xenoliths in Qilin, Guangdong Province. In terms of origin, the pyrrhotite-chalcopyrites as exsolution products resulted from the subsolidus re-equilibration of sulfide solid solution within amphibole megacrysts.amphibole megacrysts were first discovered inside and outside China. This discovery is important for the study of regional magma evolution and its associated mineralizations and ore sources as well.     

The Anfeg post-collisional Pan-African high-K calc-alkaline batholith (Central Hoggar, Algeria), result of the LATEA microcontinent metacratonization

The Anfeg batholith (or composite laccolith) occupies a large surface (2000 km²) at the northern tip of the Laouni terrane, just south of Tamanrasset in Hoggar. It is granodioritic to granitic in composition and comprises abundant enclaves that are either mafic microgranular enclaves (MME) or gneissic xenoliths. It intruded an Eburnian (≈2 Ga) high-grade basement belonging to the LATEA metacraton at approximately 608 Ma (recalculated from the U–Pb dating of [Tectonics 5 (1986) 955]) and cooled at approximately 4 kbar, with a temperature of about 750 °C. This emplacement occurred mainly along subhorizontal thrust planes related to Pan-African subvertical mega-shear zones close to the attachment zone of a strike-slip partitioned transpression system. Although affected by some LILE mobility, the Anfeg batholith can be ascribed to a high-K calc-alkaline suite but characterized by low heavy REE contents and high LREE/HREE ratios. The MME belong to the Anfeg magmatic trend while some xenoliths belong to Neoproterozoic island arc rocks.The Anfeg batholith defines a Nd–Sr isotopic initial ratios trend (_Nd/(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i from −2.8/0.7068 to −11.8/0.7111) pointing to a mixing between a depleted mantle and an old Rb-depleted granulitic lower crust. Both sources have been identified within LATEA and elsewhere in the Tuareg shield (_Nd/⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i of +6.2/0.7028 for the depleted mantle, −22/0.708 for the old lower crust.The model proposed relates the above geochemical features to a lithospheric delamination along the subvertical mega-shear zones that dissected the rigid LATEA former passive margin without major crustal thickening (metacratonization) during the general northward tectonic escape of the Tuareg terranes, a consequence of the collision with the West African craton. This delamination allowed the uprise of the asthenosphere. In turn, this induced the melting of the asthenosphere by adiabatic pressure release and of the old felsic and mafic lower crust due to the high heat flow. A gradient in the mantle/crust ratio within the source of the Pan-African magmatism is observed in LATEA from the northeast (Egéré-Aleksod terrane) where rare plutons are rooted within the Archaean/Eburnian basement to the southwest (Laouni terrane) where abundant batholiths, including Anfeg, have a mixed signature. Some mantle melts with only slight crustal contamination (Laouni troctolitic layered intrusions) are even present. This suggests that the southern boundary of LATEA microcontinent is not far south of the Tuareg shield.