古尔班通古特沙漠南部风沙土粒度分布的空间异质性

系统采集古尔班通古特沙漠南部典型地段纵向沙垄和垄间地浅层风沙土(0～30 cm)样184件,运用常规粒度分析和地统计分析方法研究了古尔班通古特沙漠南部沙垄不同部位风沙土粒度组成、分布特征及空间变异。结果显示:风沙土机械组成的优势粒级是细沙和极细沙,不同地貌部位粒级组成差异明显。粘土和粉沙的含量为垄间地高于沙垄,背风坡高于迎风坡和垄顶。极细沙和细沙的含量是迎风坡最高,垄顶最低。中沙、粗沙和极粗沙的含量则是垄间地低于沙垄,垄顶最高。风沙土粗物质粒径φ1和平均粒径Mz从垄间地→背风坡→迎风坡→垄顶均由细变粗,分选系数σ则由差变好。同时,φ1、Mz和σ具有中等-强空间自相关性,其空间相关范围(变程)大小顺序为φ1<σ相似文献   

古尔班通古特沙漠南部风沙土性状在沙垄尺度上的空间变异

在新疆古尔班通古特沙漠南部纵向沙垄上,按5 m×5 m的网格采集浅层风沙土组合样品184件,调查植被样方100个,并测试了风沙土质地、pH、盐分、含水量、全N含量和有机质含量等理化性状。研究发现:受沙垄地貌和植被格局的影响,风沙土性状具有中等到强烈的空间相关性,空间依赖范围(变程)介于21.3~74.8m,大致对应着单一沙垄宽度或垄间地-沙垄-垄间地的地貌单元宽度。利用地统计分析求得不同取样尺度上的分维D。风沙土质地(粒径、平均粒径、分选系数)和盐分(电导率)及养分(有机质和全N含量)在0~40m的取样间隔下,D较大,空间变异程度基本处于中高水平;在90~150m的取样间隔下,D骤减,空间异质性大大增强。风沙土含水量的空间变异强度曲线为几段式形态,并且分维依次递减。     

毛里塔尼亚努瓦克肖特沙丘粒度分布特征及其环境意义

毛里塔尼亚努瓦克肖特地区位于撒哈拉沙漠西部,基本被沙漠包围且常年遭受沙漠侵蚀,进行该地区沙漠粒度特征的研究,将对判别沙漠物质来源和沉积过程等具有重要参考意义。对努瓦克肖特周边纵向沙丘不同部位采集的50个沙样粒度进行分析。结果表明：沙丘沉积物的粒度以细沙和极细沙为主,两者所占比例超过60%;总体粒度要细于国内典型沙漠线性沙丘。沙丘东南坡、丘顶和西北坡整体上以细沙为主,其次为极细沙,二者含量依次递减,粉沙含量依次增加。沙丘沙粒径最细者为西北坡（5.13 φ）,最粗者为东南坡（3.07 φ）,分选性随粒径增加而变好。3个部位峰态存在明显差异,东南坡以中等和尖窄峰态为主,丘顶以尖窄峰态为主,西北坡为以宽平峰态为主,但三者均以正偏偏态为主。丘间地粒级级配趋势一致性最好,均以细沙为主,平均粒径大于沙丘各部位,平均粒径为2.76 φ,分选性优于沙丘,全为近对称中等峰态。该地区地表沙粒沉积环境和成因复杂,超过70%的沙样为风成沉积造成,其余为沿岸沉积造成。     

腾格里沙漠沙丘沉积物粒度特征及其空间差异

沉积物粒度特征对于研究物源、衡量搬运能量具有重要意义。分析了腾格里沙漠45个沙丘顶部样品的粒度特征,并计算了30 a输沙势。结果表明：（1）沙丘沙以细沙（71%）和中沙（20%）为主,平均粒径2.38 Φ,分选系数0.40 Φ;平均粒径与分选系数、偏度呈良好的线性关系。（2）分选为“极好”和“好”的样品整体分布在沙漠中部和西南部,前者概率累计曲线趋于近对称、中等峰态,为二段式,后者趋于正偏、中等或尖窄峰态,为三段式;而沙漠边缘分选较差,概率累计曲线为多段式。（3）盛行起沙风为西北风。西北和东北部属中风能环境,风况属单峰型和复杂型;南部和东南部分别属低、中风能环境,均双峰型风况。研究区沙丘沙源应以下伏河湖相沉积物就地起沙为主。沙漠边缘河湖相沉积物应该为中部区沙丘沙提供了物源,西南部沙丘沙可能源自石羊河下游的冲洪积物,风力分选作用较长,边缘沙丘沙则应来源于该区河湖相沉积物就地起沙,风力分选不充分。粒度参数空间分布特征与沙丘类型和规模之间存在一定的耦合关系。     

腾格里沙漠西部和西南部风能环境与风沙地貌

腾格里沙漠西部和西南部的沙漠边缘地区位于石羊河流域的下游地区,该地区生态环境脆弱,成为近年来备受关注的区域之一。利用自动气象站2009年年度风况资料和Google Earth影像,对该地区的风能环境与风沙地貌进行讨论,为评价区域风沙活动强度,风沙地貌形态特征提供依据。研究表明,腾格里沙漠西部和西南部的风况、风能环境呈自北向南逐渐变化的趋势,年平均风速西部最大,中部次之,南部最小;起沙风风向在北部以西北风和东北风为主,中部以西北风和东南风为主,而南部以西北风为主,东南风很少。研究区的北部为高风能环境,中部和南部为低风能环境。研究区的沙丘类型主要为格状沙丘,在沙漠边缘的部分地区为新月形沙丘链,南部为植被线形沙垄,其主要是由地形作用形成的,沙垄之间为新月形沙丘链。风能环境、沙源和植被共同影响沙丘的形态参数,研究区中部的风能比南部大,沙源比南部多,植被比南部少,因此,格状沙丘主梁之间的间距要比南部新月形沙垄的间距大。格状沙丘的走向近似相同,均在205°~225°之间。研究区南部有范围较大的植被线形沙垄,其间距在0.8～2.0 km之间,平均间距为1.37 km;走向为近似南北（164°～176°之间）。     

放牧对古尔班通古特沙漠南部 沙垄地表性质的影响

分别于2002 年和2005 年对古尔班通古特沙漠南部的同一条半固定沙垄, 进行了放牧前后的地表覆盖(包括植物和生物结皮)、沙面活动强度和土壤理化性质的系统监测和研究。 主要结论如下: 2002 年, 自然沙垄80%以上的地表被植物和生物结皮所覆盖, 除沙垄顶部外, 其他部位基本处于稳定状态。2005 年受放牧干扰的影响, 生物结皮破损率达到80%以上, 同期植物覆盖不及2002 年的1/5, 特别是短命植物变化最明显。2005 年输沙势只有2002 年的1/3, 但沙面活动强度是2002 年的2.6 倍, 活动区域也从垄顶部扩展至整个沙垄表面。 放牧后地表组成物中的中沙含量增加了13.9%, 而细沙和极细沙含量分别减少了7.4%和 8.0%, 沙垄各部位有机质含量在放牧后一个风季即下降了近1/2。可见, 放牧造成地表保护条件的多重损害, 使沙漠地表稳定性趋于丧失。其细粒物质及有机质的大量流失, 也将对我国温带荒漠生态系统的可持续发展产生重要影响。     

古尔班通古特沙漠腹地半固定沙垄顶部风沙运动规律

利用DETI可移动测风系统,结合多向集沙、阶梯式积沙和总体沙面活动强度观测,系统研究了古尔班通古特沙漠腹地半固定沙垄表面风沙运动规律。结果表明:沙漠腹地沙垄两坡和垄间多被植被与生物结皮覆盖,地表处于稳定状态,地表输沙主要集中于垄顶部至两坡上部。系统性天气条件下,气流以净风状态在迎风坡持续加速,至垄顶迎风侧边缘流速增至最大并开始起沙,风沙流越过垄顶后受植被阻挡和回旋涡流的双重影响,在垄顶背风侧上部急剧减速并发生沙物质沉积,此后气流速度又逐渐恢复。起沙风由沙垄两侧交替入射,不断将沙物质从垄顶一侧搬运到另一侧。流动带两侧沙面活动剧烈,流动带中部作为过沙床面,蚀积变化低于两侧。垄顶输沙量沿垂线方向呈指数分布,输沙率、各高度层输沙量以及沙物质输移高度都随着风速的增大而增大。垄顶部距地表6 cm和10 cm以内的输沙量分别占总输沙量的80%和90%。垄顶输沙势与实测输沙量之间具有良好的相关性,初步推测1VU的输沙风能在垄顶1 m的过沙宽度上可以产生25 kg的输沙。     

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙粒胶结体的粒度特征

对塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地沙粒胶结体进行溶蚀分散获取组成沙粒,采用激光粒度仪分析粒度成分,并与区域内沙丘沙、垄间平地沙和风沙流输沙的粒度特征进行对比,分析沙粒胶结体的粒度特征。结果表明：（1）沙粒胶结体中沙粒粒径呈多峰态分布,垄间平地沙呈双峰态分布,而沙丘沙和风沙流输沙呈单峰态分布;（2）沙粒胶结体内沙粒分选性较差,偏度属正偏,平均粒径（3.17 Φ）介于沙丘沙（3.10 Φ）和垄间地沙（3.28 Φ）、风沙流输沙（3.67 Φ）之间;（3）沙粒胶结体中沙物质主要组分为细沙和极细沙,与沙丘沙、垄间平沙地沙一致,而与风沙流输沙（极细沙和粉沙）不一致。与沙丘沙、垄间平地沙以及风沙流输沙相比,沙粒胶结体中粉沙、黏土和中沙相对富集,是现代地表物质的混合物;（4）与沙丘沙、垄间平地沙和风沙流输沙相比,沙粒胶结体内沙粒的蠕移-跃移、跃移-悬移截点粒径均偏细,蠕移组分所占比重很高。从组成颗粒的粒度组成来看,沙粒胶结体的形成受局地沙源和风动力的共同影响,是特殊环境条件下现代地表过程的产物。     

东部沙区表土有机质和速效养分与风沙环境关系初探

东部沙区表土有机质、速效养分含量普遍较低。按照库布齐沙漠、毛乌素沙地、浑善达克沙地、科尔沁沙地和呼伦贝尔沙地的次序,有机质和速效K含量逐渐增大,这种分布格局与区域风沙环境性质、风沙活动方式密切相关;各沙漠/沙地内部,表土有机质和速效K含量分别与植被盖度、颗粒平均粒径、分选系数之间存在较好的相关性。速效N和速效P含量未表现出上述变化规律。可见有机质和速效K含量对风沙环境的变化较为敏感,因而其在表土中的再分配可以在一定程度上反映局地风沙环境的变化,而速效N和速效P对风沙环境的指示意义不明显。东部沙区表土有机质、速效N及速效P含量普遍高于西部沙区,而速效K含量明显偏低。     

策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带风沙流挟沙粒度的垂直分异

在策勒绿洲一沙漠过渡带选取流动沙地、半流动沙地两个典型下垫面,采集下垫面地表0~1 cm沙样,利用梯度集沙仪收集风风沙流中垂直高度层中1~20 cm的沙通量,利用mastersizer2000分析所收集沙样的粒度。结果表明研究区风沙流挟沙粒度的垂直分布特征为:沙粒平均粒径随高度增加而减小,风沙流中沙粒的平均粒径小于床面沙粒平均粒径。其中粉沙含量随着高度的增加,其相对含量呈现幂函数增加,极细沙和细沙含量随高度的增加呈幂函数规律递减。风沙流中平均粒径(φ)值在3.58~3.81;分选系数集中在0.46~0.55,分选性较好;偏度值变化范围为-0.006~0.1,峰度变化值在0.94~0.96。半流动沙地风沙流中平均粒径小于流动沙地,分选性较好。平均粒径(φ)与分选系数、峰度和偏度均呈正相关,分选系数与偏度、峰态间呈现正相关,峰态与偏态之间呈现正相关。研究区沙粒主要以细沙、极细沙和粉沙为主,分选性较好,沙粒粒径分布符合正态。流动沙地较半流动沙地风蚀程度大,地表沙粒粒径粗。策勒地区地表风沙来源主要为风成沙,沙粒运动方式以跃移质为主,悬移质次之。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.     

PRODUCTIVITY OF AMERICAN PH.D.-GRANTING DEPARTMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .     

Deserts and Aeolian Desertification in China: Book review and some thoughts

Desertification is a global phenomenon that affects about two billion people. It occurs in arid zones where the annual precipitation is below 400 mm, partic- ularly in the marginal areas of the world＇s largest deserts. It is a result of water and wind erosion, over- grazing, global warm-ing, improper soil cultivation, and increased pressure ot population growth, and it causes degradation of soil and natural and agricultural vegetation. The direct result is less food for people and livestock, which influences pop- ulation and animal husbandry fluctuations. Despite ef- forts to combat and reduce desertification, the affected areas are annually increasing.     

REVIEWS OF GEOGRAPHIC SOFTWARE

Reviews of geographic software in this article: DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS. ESP GAUSS. CEMODEL S. Damus LIMDEP. William H. Greene MICROSTAT 4.1 OTIS PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System) . H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein. REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS) SPSS/PC+ URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.     

Guidelines to Authors

1. Aims and scope
Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions （SCAR） is a bimonthly journal that publishes in English the latest research achievements in processes and the pattems of the Earth surface system in cold and arid regions. Researches in cold regions emphasize particularly on the cold-region-characterized physical,