Late Mesozoic topographic evolution of western Transbaikalia:Evidence for rapid geodynamic changes from the Mongol-Okhotsk collision to widespread rifting

The Mesozoic geodynamic evolution of Transbaikalia has been largely controlled by the scissors-like closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean that separated Siberia from Mongolia-North China continents.Following the oceanic closure,the tectonic evolution of that region was characterized by collisional uplift and subsequent extension that gave rise to the formation of metamorphic core complexes.This complex tectonic setting prevailed simultaneously between 150 Ma and 110 Ma both in Transbaikalia,North Mongolia,and within the North China Craton.Published paleobotanical and paleontological data show that the oldest Mesozoic basins had formed in western Transbaikalia before the estimated age of extension onset.However no precise geochronological age is available for the onset of extension in Transbaikalia.The Tugnuy Basin,as probably the oldest Mesozoic basin in western Transbaikalia,is a key obj ect to date the onset of extension and following changes in tectonic setting.In this study,U-Pb(LA-ICP-MS) dating of detrital zircons from three key Jurassic sediment formations of the Tugnuy Basin are used to identify the potential source areas of the sediments,understand the changes in sediment routing and provide insights on the topographic evolution of western Transbaikalia.Our results show several significant changes in tectonic regime after the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean.A wide uplifted plateau formed during the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean,determining the Early Jurassic drainage system reaching the AngaraVitim batholith to the north and shedding sediments to the continental margin to the South.The following collisional event at the end of the Early Jurassic led to the uplift of the collision zone,which partially inverted the drainage system toward the North.A strike-slip displacement induced by the oblique collision initiated some of the early Transbaikalian depressions,such as the Tugnuy Basin at about 168 Ma.A phase of basin inversion,marked by folding and erosion of the Upper Jurassic sediments,could correspond to the short-term collision event that took place during the latest Jurassic-earliest Cretaceous in the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt.The following inversion in tectonic regime from compression to extension is consistent with the mid-lower-crustal extension that led to the formation of the numerous metamorphic core complexes throughout northeastern continental Asia during the Early Cretaceous.     

Source Provenance and Paleogeographic Conditions during Deposition of Jurassic Continental Sediments in the Southern Part of the Siberian Platform (Implication of Sm–Nd and U–Pb Data)

The first Sm–Nd isotopic data and U–Pb (LA–ICP–MS) detrital zircon ages from sandstones of the Prisayan and Kuda Formations (the Irkutsk Basin, southern part of the Siberian Platform) have been obtained. They demonstrate that during accumulation of the sediments in the Irkutsk Basin, the contribution of local erosion sources decreased over time, while input from the Paleo–Transbaikalia sources increased. The change in provenance areas was triggered by tectonic rebuilding in Paleo–Transbaikalia caused by the closure of the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean.     

Jurassic sediments in the Irkut basin and southwestern Transbaikalia: correlations based on paleobotanical and geochronological data

The Jurassic growth of mountain ranges along the southern edge of the Siberian platform occurred in an active tectonic setting related to the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean. The oceanic subduction and subsequent continent collision events induced compressive deformations at the platform boundary. Understanding the paleogeography related to the Mesozoic closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean requires dating and correlation of the Jurassic Prisayan Formation in the Irkut basin and Tugnuyskaya Formation in southwestern Transbaikalia. This work presents structural and paleobotanic results within both formations. ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating of underlying volcanics from the upper member of the Ichetuyskaya Formation is used to refine the age of the sediment series and provide probable correlation. The results show that the Tugnuyskaya Formation initiated at the end of the Middle Jurassic-beginning of the Late Jurassic and was not coeval with the Prisayan Formation, whose upper fine-grained members were deposited in the early Middle Jurassic. ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating of volcanics from the upper member of the Ichetuyskaya Formation yielded a Middle Jurassic age of 167.7 ± 1.2 Ma (Bajocian to Bathonian). The paleogeographic data analysis based on facies and mineralogical composition of sediments and on a study of source areas from Sm-Nd data and the U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from the deposits in the southern Irkut basin indicates that the deposition of the Prisayan Formation was followed by the intensification of relief building along the southern edge of the Siberian Platform. Our geochronological data show that active tectonic deformations in southwestern Transbaikalia evidenced in the volcanoclastic Ichetuyskaya Formation in the Tugnuy basin also occurred during the Middle Jurassic. The uppermost sediments of the Tugnuy basin were deposited at the end of the Middle Jurassic-Late Jurassic in a quiet tectonic setting with low relief and lacustrine-boggy depositional environments.     

华南地区中生代主要金属矿床时空分布规律和成矿环境

以广泛地质调查和放射性同位素年龄精测数据为基础,总结提出了华南地区中生代主要金属矿床成矿出现于三个阶段,即晚三叠世（230~210 Ma）、中晚侏罗世（170~150 Ma）和早中白垩世（134~80 Ma）。晚三叠世矿化组合为钨锡铌钽;中晚侏罗世的矿化组合进一步分为170~160 Ma斑岩-矽卡岩铜矿和160~150 Ma与花岗岩有关的钨锡多金属矿床;白垩纪矿化虽然持续了54 Ma,但主要峰期在100~90 Ma,主要矿化组合为浅成低温热液型铜金银矿床和花岗岩有关的钨锡铜多金属矿床。晚三叠世钨锡铌钽矿化成因上与过铝质二云母花岗岩有关,是华北、华南和印支三大板块后碰撞过程的成岩成矿响应。在180 Ma左右Izanagi板块向欧亚大陆俯冲,于170~160 Ma期间可能由于俯冲板片局部多处撕裂而形成Ⅰ型或埃达克质岩石和有关的的斑岩铜矿,紧接着在南岭地区于160~150 Ma期间俯冲板块开天窗,软流圈物质直接涌入上地壳,形成了一种壳幔混合型高分异花岗质岩石及其钨锡多金属矿床。在135 Ma左右由于俯冲板块改变了运动方向,由斜向俯冲调整到几乎平行大陆边缘沿NE方向走滑,造成大陆岩石圈大面积伸展而形成了大量白垩纪断陷盆地和变质核杂岩,并伴随大规模的火山活动和花岗质岩浆侵位及其浅成低温热液铜金银矿化系统、与花岗岩有关的钨锡多金属矿化系统和热液型铀矿的形成。     

鲁西地块NW走向断层的活动特征及裂变径迹证据

不同于华北克拉通东部普遍存在的NE走向断层,鲁西地块广泛发育一组特征明显的NW走向断层,包括非控盆断层和控盆断层两类。前者位于鲁西地块最南部,倾角相对较陡,错开了古生界及以下地层,下盘太古宇中发育韧性剪切带,断层碎裂岩指示断层存在多期活动;后者位于非控盆断层以北,除蒙山断层外韧性剪切带不发育,倾角相对较缓,控制了中生代以来的沉积。磷灰石/锆石裂变径迹证据分析得出NW走向断层的活动存在差异。断层上、下盘样品磷灰石裂变径迹表观年龄在在67±5~35±2Ma之间,径迹直方图表明样品在冷却过程中没有受到热扰动。通过平均径迹长度-年龄(或香蕉图)图、单颗粒峰值年龄、径迹年龄谱模式以及热史反演模拟综合分析来约束断层的活动时间,结果表明非控盆断层可能在早侏罗世约184Ma开始活动,之后在晚白垩世80~75Ma以及新生代~61Ma和51~43Ma活动,43Ma之后不再活动。控盆断层活动时间稍晚,于早白垩世约141Ma、晚白垩世80~75Ma活动,新生代活动时间为约61Ma、49~42Ma以及36~32Ma。总体上,NW走向断层由早到晚由南向北发育,非控盆断层活动时间早、结束早;控盆断层活动晚、结束晚,并控制了凹陷的向北发育。中生代以来区域构造应力场的变化和郯庐断裂带的走滑作用是导致两类NW走向断层差异演化的根本原因,在深部则受控于晚三叠世以来华北、扬子板块陆陆碰撞和古太平洋板块俯冲方向和速度的改变。印支期后挤压到伸展的转变,加上郯庐断裂带的左行走滑,使靠近华北克拉通南缘的前端NW走向断层首先发育,因倾角较大故不控制盆地发育;向北的后端相对伸展,成为控盆断层,后经早白垩世约141Ma期间的伸展、晚白垩世末80~75Ma和新生代的发育断层最终成型。NW走向断层的这种大致向北迁移的规律,隐示华北克拉通破坏可能始于早侏罗世或晚侏罗世,且由南向北逐渐拆沉。     

利用锆石裂变径迹研究漠河盆地隆升过程

通过对漠河盆地内32件样品的锆石裂变径迹进行详细分析,锆石单颗粒径迹年龄最大值为143.9±18.7Ma,最小年龄为58±12.1Ma,峰值年龄为92~98Ma和132~138Ma。结合盆地断裂展布及大地构造背景,认为漠河盆地在95Ma和135Ma发生了2次强隆升过程。结合盆地断裂系统、构造特征及区域地质背景,认为自晚侏罗世以来盆地形成受到蒙古-鄂霍次克海碰撞关闭和古太平洋板块俯冲碰撞双重作用的影响,盆地中晚侏罗世(135Ma左右)处于南北向挤压背景,形成东西向展布的前陆盆地;白垩纪中期,盆地处于伸展构造背景,属东北(同)大陆裂谷系的一部分。白垩纪中晚期(95Ma左右),漠河盆地由拉张环境再一次变为挤压环境,盆地形成了又一次的强隆升过程。     

贵州织纳煤田水公河向斜上二叠统8煤层三史模拟

埋藏史、受热史和有机质成熟史(简称"三史")模拟技术已广泛应用于油气地质研究,但其在煤和煤层气地质领域则应用较少。根据实测煤的镜质组最大反射率、古地温梯度和地层残余厚度等资料,运用Petromod 1D模拟软件对贵州织纳煤田水公河向斜上二叠统8煤层"三史"演化过程进行研究。结果显示,水公河向斜地质演化史可分为3个阶段:第1阶段从晚二叠世至侏罗纪末,煤层埋深增加,最大至5 925~5 959 m,地温梯度为2.91/hm℃,受深成变质作用影响,煤级从褐煤演化至焦煤阶段;第2阶段从侏罗纪末至白垩纪末,受燕山运动影响,煤层埋深降低,地温梯度为3.29~3.46/hm℃,区域岩浆热变质作用使煤级从焦煤演化至无烟煤阶段;第3阶段从白垩纪末至今,地层少量沉积后发生抬升作用,地温梯度为2.78℃/hm,煤化作用基本停止。总之,深成变质作用是向斜煤层气生成的主要影响原因,距今230~170 Ma是煤有机质生烃的关键时期。      

伊犁盆地南缘隆升剥蚀及其盆地南部的沉积——利用磷灰石裂变径迹分析

分析了伊犁盆地南缘蚀源区14件磷灰石样品,其中南缘中西部10件,东部4件。磷灰石裂变径迹表观年龄及其与高程的关系、单颗粒年龄、封闭径迹分布特征表明,伊犁盆地南缘样品均遭受了不同程度的退火,但没有发生明显的区域性热事件。通过封闭径迹正演热史模拟得出,伊犁盆地南缘中新生代构造演化经历了三叠纪—侏罗纪晚期快速隆升,白垩纪—古近纪相对稳定和新构造快速隆升三个阶段。东西两段略有不同,西段隆升时间较早,样品所在地在早三叠世就开始强烈隆升,说明当时该处离原型盆地边界较近,而东段此时样品所在位置还可能接受沉积,直至中侏罗世末期才开始隆升剥蚀。侏罗纪原型盆地南部边界至少跨过大板煤矿,因为在该处出露中侏罗世西山窑组残留地层。相应的稳定阶段东段要滞后一些,稳定时间相对较短,西段该时段长达100Ma,而东段多在50～60Ma。新构造运动强烈活动的时间东段相对较早,局部地段在38Ma就开始隆升。盆地南缘沉积相带的发育特征和新近纪(或第四纪)内给出的电子自旋共振年龄(ESR)均说明,沉积对构造具明显的响应,盆缘快速隆升阶段其盆地内相应的沉积物较粗,相对稳定阶段对应的沉积较细或缺失。     

Sequence of magmatic events in the Late Paleozoic of Transbaikalia,Russia (U-Pb isotope data)

The Late Paleozoic intrusive rocks, mostly granitoids, totally occupy more than 200,000 km² on the territory of Transbaikalia. Isotopic U-Pb zircon dating (about 30 samples from the most typical plutons) shows that the Late Paleozoic magmatic cycle lasted for 55–60 m.y., from ~330 Ma to ~275 Ma. During this time span, five intrusive suites were emplaced throughout the region. The earliest are high-K calc-alkaline granites (330–310 Ma) making up the Angara–Vitim batholith of 150,000 km² in area. At later stages, formation of geochemically distinct intrusive suites occurred with total or partial overlap in time. In the interval of 305–285 Ma two suites were emplaced: calc-alkaline granitoids with decreased SiO₂ content (the Chivyrkui suite of quartz monzonite and granodiorite) and the Zaza suite comprising transitional from calc-alkaline to alkaline granite and quartz syenite. At the next stage, in the interval of 285–278 Ma the shoshonitic Low Selenga suite made up of monzonite, syenite and alkali rich microgabbro was formed; this suite was followed, with significant overlap in time (281–276 Ma), by emplacement of Early Kunalei suite of alkaline (alkali feldspar) and peralkaline syenite and granite. Concurrent emplacement of distinct plutonic suites suggests simultaneous magma generation at different depth and, possibly, from different sources. Despite complex sequence of formation of Late Paleozoic intrusive suites, a general trend from high-K calc-alkaline to alkaline and peralkaline granitoids, is clearly recognized. New data on the isotopic U-Pb zircon age support the Rb-Sr isotope data suggesting that emplacement of large volumes of peralkaline and alkaline (alkali feldspar) syenites and granites occurred in two separate stages: Early Permian (281–278 Ma) and Late Triassic (230–210 Ma). Large volumes and specific compositions of granitoids suggest that the Late Paleozoic magmatism in Transbaikalia occurred successively in the post-collisional (330–310 Ma), transitional (305–285 Ma) and intraplate (285–275 Ma) setting.     

Paleoclimate evolution and aridification mechanism of the eastern Tethys during the Callovian–Oxfordian: evidence from geochemical records of the Qiangtang Basin,Tibetan Plateau

Global climate during the Jurassic has been commonly described as a uniform greenhouse climate for a long time. However, the climate scenario of a cool episode during the Callovian–Oxfordian transition following by a warming trend during the Oxfordian (163.53 to 157.4 Ma) is documented in many localities of the western Tethys. It is still unclear if a correlatable climate scenario also occurred in the eastern Tethys during the same time interval. In this study, a detailed geochemical analysis on the 1060 m thick successions (the Xiali and Suowa formations) from the Yanshiping section of the Qiangtang Basin, located in the eastern Tethys margin during the Callovian–Oxfordian periods, was performed. To reveal the climate evolution of the basin, carbonate content and soluble salt concentrations (SO₄²⁻, Cl⁻) were chosen as climatic indices. The results show that the overall climate patterns during the deposition of the Xiali and Suowa formations can be divided into three stages: relatively humid (~ 164.0 to 160.9 Ma), dry (~ 160.9 to 159.6 Ma), semi-dry (~ 159.6 to 156.8 Ma). A similar warming climate scenario also occurred in eastern Tethys during the Callovian–Oxfordian transition (~ 160.9 to 159.6 Ma). Besides, we clarify that the Jurassic True polar wander (TPW), the motion of the lithosphere and mantle with respect to Earth’s spin axis, inducing climatic shifts were responsible for the aridification of the Qiangtang Basin during the Callovian–Oxfordian transition with a review of the paleolatitude of the Xiali formation (19.7 + 2.8/−2.6° N) and the Suowa formation (20.7 + 4.1/−3.7° N). It is because the TPW rotations shifted the East Asia blocks (the North and South China, Qiangtang, and Qaidam blocks) from the humid zone to the tropical/subtropical arid zone and triggered the remarkable aridification during the Middle-Late Jurassic (ca. 165–155 Ma).

     

大兴安岭北部中侏罗统漠河组砂岩LA-ICP-MS碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄:对漠河盆地源区的制约

对大兴安岭北部漠河盆地中侏罗统漠河组砂岩进行了碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄测试,获得的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄为1425~170 Ma,反映了中侏罗时期漠河盆地源区的复杂性。该时期漠河盆地物源主要有:中元古代变质火山岩,碎屑锆石年龄1425~1064 Ma;新元古代变质侵入岩,碎屑锆石年龄888~550 Ma;寒武—奥陶纪变质表壳岩与深成侵入岩,碎屑锆石年龄517~441 Ma;石炭—二叠纪侵入岩,碎屑锆石年龄327~252 Ma;三叠纪—中侏罗世侵入岩,碎屑锆石年龄250~170 Ma。这一测试数据与盆地现在南缘分布的地质体的时代基本对应,说明盆地的物源主要来自南部的中元古代—中侏罗世地质体,碎屑锆石中最小年龄为170 Ma,反映漠河组沉积下限不早于中侏罗世早期。这一成果对研究漠河盆地源区的物质组成、盆地沉积年代和油气成藏条件提供了新的素材。     

华南地区中生代Cu (Mo) W Sn矿床成矿作用与洋岭/转换断层俯冲

华南地区是我国重要的金属矿产资源产地,除了发育大量的钨锡钼铋和稀土等金属矿产外,还有铜金矿床分布。本文通过对华南地区29个典型CuMoWSn矿床的时空分布及其与之有关的花岗质岩体的侵位年龄分析,探讨了与不同成矿类型有关的花岗质岩石的地球化学特征。本文认为华南地区10个典型的与Cu有关的矿床主要发生在180~170Ma、160~150Ma以及105~90Ma三个时期,而10个钨矿床主要集中于170~130Ma;4个WSn矿床集中于170~130Ma和120~110Ma;而5个Sn矿床则发育于170~150Ma、130~110Ma以及100~90Ma三个时期。Cu矿床主要与同熔型花岗岩有关,而Mo、WSn既与同熔型花岗岩有关,又与改造型花岗岩有关。在岩石地球化学上,与Cu(Mo)WSn成矿作用有关的花岗质岩石也表现出不同的地球化学特点,如,从Cu(Mo)矿床到WSn矿床SiO2含量有逐渐增大、氧化性逐渐降低、还原性逐渐增加以及分异演化程度有逐渐增高的趋势。与Cu(Mo)Au矿床有关的花岗质岩石具有较低的SiO2（60.3%~68.1%）,氧化性较高（Fe2O3/FeO=0.31~1.81）,分异演化程度较低（Rb/Sr=0.05~3.3）的特点;与Cu(Pb)(Zn)矿床有关的花岗质岩石具有相对较高的SiO2（73.3%~75.2%）,氧化性稍高（Fe2O3/FeO=0.68~1.74）,分异程度稍低（Rb/Sr=10.8~57.8）的特点;而与Mo矿床有关的花岗质岩石具有较宽的SiO2（67.3%~76.2%）变化范围,氧化性稍低（Fe2O3/FeO=0.68~1.74）,分异演化程度稍低（Rb/Sr=0.6~9.29）;与W矿有关的花岗质岩石的SiO2含量为69.9%~80.1%,还原性稍低（Fe2O3/FeO=0.19~0.76）,分异演化程度稍高（Rb/Sr=21.9~61.7）;与WSn矿床有关的SiO2为74.8%~78.7%,还原性较低（Fe2O3/FeO=0.08~0.59）,分异程度较高（Rb/Sr=10.8~139）;与Sn矿床有关的花岗质岩石的SiO2为64.8%~76.9%,还原性高（Fe2O3/FeO=0.01~0.58）,分异演化程度高（Rb/Sr=1~530）。在结合华南地区花岗岩类岩石的分布特征以及盆岭构造的特点,本文提出华南地区CuMoWSn矿床的成矿作用是不同时期大洋板块或者洋岭多阶段俯冲结果的新成因模型,即早侏罗世休眠的FarallonIzanagi洋岭俯冲导致早—中侏罗世Cu成矿作用;中—晚侏罗世活动的FarallonIzanagi洋岭和转换断层俯冲是中晚侏罗世Cu(Mo)(W)成矿作用以及多阶段WSn成矿作用的触发动力,而白垩纪Izanagi大洋板块俯冲则是白垩纪斑岩型CuWSn成矿作用的诱因。该模型的提出较好地解释了华南中生代大规模岩石圈拆沉—减薄—伸展的机制及其大规模成矿作用的动力。     

祁连山北缘酒西盆地新生代沉积通量变化对周缘山体构造隆升-风化剥蚀历史的响应

酒西盆地是青藏高原东北缘的一个内陆沉积盆地,发育了巨厚且连续的中-新生代地层,详细记录了盆地及周缘山地的构造、环境演变历史。本文在利用平衡剖面法恢复不同时期酒西盆地原始盆地边界基础上,通过盆地天然露头控制剖面和钻井资料的地层厚度,恢复了酒西盆地新生代各组沉积等厚图。根据不同时期盆地大小和沉积等厚图的计算,获得了酒西盆地新生代不同时期的沉积通量。结合前人对该区构造与古气候研究成果,认为古近纪持续干旱的气候条件下从火烧沟组(40.2~33.4 Ma)到白杨河组(30.9~23.8 Ma)盆地沉积通量增加主要由青藏高原持续挤压使祁连山快速构造隆升导致风化剥蚀量增加所致;中新世早期(疏勒河组弓形山段,23~14 Ma)虽然气候相对温暖,但此时祁连山构造带相对稳定,控制了物源区祁连山风化剥蚀量相对前期减小,使盆地沉积通量相对减小;中新世中期(疏勒河组胳塘沟段,14~8.3 Ma)盆地沉积通量增大可能是气候和构造共同作用的结果;中新世晚期以来(<8.3 Ma,疏勒河组牛胳套段-玉门组)盆地沉积通量呈阶段性大幅陡增,主要由祁连山晚新生代以来阶段性急剧构造隆升导致风化剥蚀量猛增所致。     

Biostratigraphy and depositional environments of subsurface sediments in well Arani-A,Palar basin,Tamil Nadu

The first exploratory well Arani–A was drilled in the Palar basin to a depth of 2400m and terminated within the granitic basement.This well offered the first ever opportunity to understand biostratigraphy, sedimentation history and depositional environment of the entire sedimentary column based on arenaceous foraminifera, spores, pollen and dinoflagellate cyst assemblages. Previous studies on few scattered outcrops around Sriperumbudur, Chengalpattu and Sathyavedu areas have documented palynofossil assemblage of Neocomian–Aptian age. The present study reveals the presence of middle Jurassic (Bajocian-Callovian) sediments (2360-1725 m) resting on the granitic basement. The sediments are interpreted to have deposited under lacustrine/estuarine conditions with high tides providing occasional marine influence. The middle Jurassic sediments are conformably overlain by late Jurassic (Oxfordian–Tithonian) sediments (1725 - 950 m). The late Jurassic sediments have been inferred to have got deposited under fluctuating near shoremarginal marine conditions. There is a 55m thick boulder bed (950 - 895 m) separating the overlying Valanginian sediments. Early Cretaceous (Valanginian-Early Albian) sediments are developed in the interval from 895-50m. The boulder bed possibly corresponds to the missing Berriasian stage of the earliest Cretaceous representing an unconformity of the order of ~5 Ma across Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary. These sediments are inferred to have deposited under shallow inner neritic conditions. The sediments from 50m to surface consist mainly of lateritic sandstone and alluvium. The sedimentary history of Palar basin began in Bajocian stage of middle Jurassic (170-168 Ma) and ended in early Albian stage of early Cretaceous (113-105 Ma). The late Albian marine transgression which facilitated huge sedimentation in Cauvery and Krishna-Godavari basins has bypassed the Palar basin thus adversely affecting the hydrocarbon potential.     

敦化-密山断裂带的平移距离:来自松嫩-张广才岭-佳木斯-兴凯地块古生代-中生代岩浆作用的制约

敦化-密山断裂带是郯庐断裂北段的重要分支之一,其大规模左行走滑发生的时限以及平移距离一直存在较大争议。本文系统地总结了松嫩-张广才岭地块东缘、佳木斯地块以及兴凯地块之上古生代-中生代火成岩的锆石U-Pb年代学资料,结合其空间分布特征,对敦化-密山断裂带的平移时限及距离提供了制约。研究表明,松嫩-张广才岭地块东缘与兴凯地块在古生代-中生代期间具有类似的岩浆活动历史,两个地块之上该时期的岩浆作用可以划分为8个主要期次:中-晚寒武世(ca.500~516Ma)、早奥陶世(ca.480~486Ma)、晚奥陶世(ca.450~456Ma)、中志留世(ca.426~430Ma)、早二叠世(ca.285~292Ma)、晚二叠世(ca.255~260Ma)、晚三叠世(ca.202~210Ma)和早侏罗世(ca.185~186Ma)。相比之下,佳木斯地块中的古生代-中生代早期岩浆事件则集中在晚寒武世(~492Ma)、晚泥盆世(~388Ma)、早二叠世(~288Ma)、晚二叠世(~259Ma)和早侏罗世(~176Ma),而晚奥陶世-志留纪和晚三叠世的岩浆活动在佳木斯地块未见报道。早白垩世晚期(ca.105~110Ma)和晚白垩世(ca.90~94Ma)的岩浆活动在三个地块均存在。上述结果表明兴凯地块东缘与松嫩-张广才岭地块东缘在早古生代经历了共同的地质演化历史,而中生代早期,兴凯地块西缘与松嫩-张广才岭地块东缘经历了同样的岩浆作用历史。上述结果暗示,敦化-密山断裂可能经历了至少两次平移,分别发生在中-晚二叠世-早三叠世和中-晚侏罗世-早白垩世,推测其总的平移距离约400km。结合研究区中生代期间的构造演化历史,敦化-密山断裂中生代的左行平移应与中-晚侏罗世-早白垩世期间古太平洋板块(Izanagi板块)的斜向俯冲相联系。     

豫西济源盆地中三叠世-中侏罗世碎屑锆石年代学及其对秦岭造山带造山过程的启示

豫西济源盆地位于秦岭造山带北部, 是三叠纪-侏罗纪秦岭造山带的同造山盆地.对济源盆地中三叠世-中侏罗世6个组的碎屑锆石样品进行了LA-ICP-MS的U-Pb年龄分析.结果表明, 碎屑锆石年龄主要分布于以下区间: 2.9~1.7 Ga、1.6~1.0 Ga、1.0~0.8 Ga、800~650 Ma、520~380 Ma、350~245 Ma和~220 Ma, 其中除了2.9~1.7 Ga的碎屑锆石主要来自于华北克拉通基底外, 其他几个年龄段的锆石则主要来自于秦岭造山带, 并且显示出随着地层年龄的逐渐变新, 碎屑锆石年龄有逐渐变老的趋势.在中三叠世-晚三叠世早期样品中, 主要年龄是350~245 Ma, 在晚三叠世晚期-中侏罗世早期样品中, 1.6~1.0 Ga、1.0~0.8 Ga、800~650 Ma和520~380 Ma则逐渐增多, 到了中侏罗世晚期, 1.6~1.0 Ga和520~380 Ma依然存在于样品中, 并且还发现了~220 Ma年龄.碎屑锆石年龄结构指示了秦岭造山带印支期经历了由年轻的盖层到较老的基底的去顶过程.并与合肥、黄石盆地的碎屑锆石数据对比发现, 早侏罗世时, 去顶强度东强西弱; 东部高压-超高压变质岩或晚三叠世岩体可能暴露于早侏罗世, 而西部则到了中侏罗世.      

The Jurassic structural evolution of the western Daqingshan area,eastern Yinshan belt,North China

The western Daqingshan area, located in the eastern Yinshan belt, is dominated by the southern Daqingshan fold-and-thrust system and the northern Shiguai basin. Based on detailed structural investigations, stratigraphic controls, and geochronology, a three-stage tectonic evolution is proposed for the western Daqingshan area during the Jurassic. The discovery of syndepositional normal faults in the Early–Middle Jurassic sequences suggests that an N–S extensional regime (ca. 200–170 Ma) characterized the first deformational stage, which controlled the initial formation of the Shiguai basin. Subsequently, the relatively expansive rift basin was dissected by the initial development of the Daqingshan fold-and-thrust system that was associated with a N–S compressional regime (ca. 170–160 Ma). This phase of deformation involved the Lower–Middle Jurassic synrift sediments into a series of E–W-trending compressional structures, and controlled the deposition of Late–Middle Jurassic Changhangou growth strata ahead of the deformation front. Finally, the progression of Daqingshan fold-and-thrust system was dominated by NW–SE compression (ca. 160–145 Ma), which converted the previous E–W-trending compressional structures into a stepped geometry marked by several NE-trending oblique footwall ramps, and resulted in the depocentre of the Late Jurassic Daqingshan synorogenic conglomerate migrating markedly northeastwards. The driving mechanisms for these three palaeostress fields are considered as asthenosphere upwelling following Permian–Triassic collisional orogenesis, closure of the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean, and NW-directed subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific plate, respectively.     

Study and geological implication of detrital zircons in Shuibei Formation of Early Jurassic in Zhangshudun of northeastern Jiangxi Province

The Early Jurassic basin in Zhangshudun of northeastern Jiangxi Province is located in the southeastern part of Jiangnan orogeny, and revealing the basin depositional source is of great importance for understanding and discussing the orogenic events and ancient geography during Early Mesozoic. The research of petrography, detrital zircons U-Pb geochronology, Lu-Hf isotope geochemistry of Early Jurassic clastic rocks was conducted in this paper. The results show that the Early Jurassic Shuibei Formation includes molasse-like deposits and fluviatile-lacustrine facies, and the detrital zircons U-Pb ages are within the wide scope of 2 431~263 Ma, with no existence of synsedimentary or pensynsedimentary detrital zircons. The detrital zircons display a very obvious peak age in Early Paleozoic of 420~380 Ma, with ε_Hf(t) values between -10.7 and -3 and T_DM^C values between 2.08 and 1.58 Ga. The weak peak ages of 370~355 Ma and 858~663 Ma are displayed in Late Paleozoic and Neoproterozoic,respectively, with ε_Hf(t) values of -18.8 to -6.7 and T_DM^C values of 2.08 to 1.58 Ga. The detrital zircons also contain a few Early Mesozoic (263 Ma) and Paleo-Meso proterozoic (2 431~1 224 Ma) ages. The detrital zircons ages and Lu-Hf isotope are similar with geological entities in northwestern Wuyi area of Cathaysia Block, while they are obviously different from the ages of the geological body in southeastern Yangtze region. The detrital materials are mainly from Early Cambrian basement and Paleozoic geological body northwestern Wuyi area. While little detrital rocks may come from northwestern Zhejiang with sedimentary characters of passive continental margin. Combined with the comprehensive regional research results of Early Mesozoic basin, the authors conclude that the southeastern Jingdezhen-Huangshan of eastern Jiangnan orogenic belt was not uplifting with erosion in Early and Middle Jurassic, and the Mesozoic structural-magmatic activities in the inland of South China were the tectonic response to the dive and influx of multiplates. The uplift in the southezstern part of South China caused by the subduction of the paleo-pacific plate to the East Asian continent from the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic can provide provenance for the inland basin, and the tectonic constitution at the turn of the Early-Middle Jurassic has been transformed into the subduction of the paleo-pacific plate.     

西藏班戈地区侵入岩年代学和地球化学: 对班公湖-怒江洋盆演化时限的制约

详细的野外地质调查、室内锆石U-Pb年代学和岩石地球化学研究显示,班戈地区侵入岩可以分为4期:早白垩世早期石英闪长岩和英云闪长岩(138Ma±),早白垩世中期花岗闪长岩(132~128Ma),早白垩世中晚期二云二长花岗岩(130~114Ma),晚白垩世二长花岗岩(80Ma±),从北到南各期次侵入岩具有成岩年龄逐渐变新,形成环境由岛弧环境→同碰撞造山环境→后碰撞环境演变。这一成果为确定班公湖-怒江洋盆的俯冲极性及演化时限提供了新的资料。班戈地区班公湖-怒江洋盆在中侏罗世之前已开始向南俯冲消减,这种俯冲消减活动一直持续至早白垩世中期最终闭合(130~125Ma),拉萨地体与羌塘地体开始发生碰撞作用,这种碰撞作用大约持续了20~30Myr,在晚白垩世早期进入后碰撞阶段(100~80Ma)。     

沁水盆地石炭—二叠系煤层气成藏期研究

根据储层的成岩序次、油气包裹体特征及含烃盐水包裹体均一温度,自生伊利石K-Ar同位素年龄,结合构造热演化史及裂变径迹资料,对沁水盆地石炭—二叠系煤层及顶板砂岩煤层气成藏期次进行了综合研究。认为该气藏主要有两大油气充注过程:第一期发生在三叠纪末—早侏罗世,山西组、太原组主力煤层普遍处于成熟阶段,主要生成液烃、气液烃包裹体;第二期发生在晚侏罗世—早白垩世,对应于干酪根裂解气阶段,为煤层气大量生成阶段,是石炭—二叠系煤层气的主要成藏期。山西组顶板砂岩样品自生伊利石年龄约为191Ma,表明早侏罗世,伴随盆地抬升,从煤层中解吸附的油气向砂岩储层充注的最早时间。