海南省现代海洋渔业发展现状与对策建议

为促进海南省海洋渔业经济高质量发展,本文分析了海南省现代海洋渔业发展现状、存在的主要问题,在此基础上提出相应的对策建议。研究结果表明：海南省海洋捕捞业趋于稳定、海水养殖进入转型关键期、苗种业已成为区域优势产业、水产品加工业面临较大压力、休闲渔业迅速兴起,目前主要在生产方式、基础设施、产业实体、技术创新和资金配套等方面存在不足。本文提出了优化养殖空间布局、打造产业综合发展平台、夯实科技创新支撑能力、扶持培育领军企业、推进苗种品牌建设、提高融资服务水平等对策建议。     

Defining and estimating global marine fisheries bycatch

Unselective fishing catches non-target organisms as ‘bycatch’—an issue of critical ocean conservation and resource management concern. However, the situation is confused because perceptions of target and non-target catch vary widely, impeding efforts to estimate bycatch globally. To remedy this, the term needs to be redefined as a consistent definition that establishes what should be considered bycatch. A new definition is put forward as: ‘bycatch is catch that is either unused or unmanaged’. Applying this definition to global marine fisheries data conservatively indicates that bycatch represents 40.4 percent of global marine catches, exposing systemic gaps in fisheries policy and management.     

加快发展福建海洋与渔业经济的对策

福建是海洋大省,海岸线长３３２４千米,居全国第二位;海域面积达１３．６万平方千米,超过陆域面积;海洋生物、矿产、能源、旅游等资源丰富,发展海洋与渔业经济条件得天独厚。充分利用海的优势力,加快发展海洋与渔业经济,对于缓解福建人多地少矛盾,拓展新的生存与发展空间;对于加快本省沿海地区发展,促进内地山区迅速崛起,建设海峡西岸繁荣带;对于加强闽台交流与合作,促进两岸“三通”和祖国和平统一,都具有十分重要的意义。 现状与实绩 改革开放以来,福建省委、省政府高度重视发展海洋与渔业经济,先后作出“大念山海经”、…     

狠抓海洋综合管理 大力发展都市渔业 努力开创海洋与渔业工作新局面

一、发挥资源比较优势,加快都市渔业发展步伐青岛市崂山区濒临黄海,位于青岛市东部,海岸线全长103.7km,辖大、小海岛15个,领海基线内海域面积3700km2,拥有国家一级和二级渔港各1处,群众渔港14处,优良海湾6处,可用于养殖的海域面积2万hm2余。海域广阔,水质肥沃,有水生动植物优良繁育的自然环境。海域栖息的海洋生物繁多,潮间带藻类有100余种,底栖动物300余种,鱼类119种,主要经济鱼类49种,为发展海洋生物增养殖提供了丰富的资源条件。全区渔业村27个,渔业劳动力2.2万人,占全区劳动力总数的23.1%,机动渔船2422艘,总吨位10113t。近年来,崂山区海…     

发展海洋休闲游钓渔业大有可为

休闲渔业包括海洋游钓业、观赏性渔业、淡水游钓、休闲采捕、休闲养殖、渔村生活体验等,其中海洋游钓业是最具发展前景的一个行业。 自从20世纪60年代加勒比海地区兴起海洋游钓业以来,在短短的时间内,海洋游钓业已迅速发展到欧美、亚太地区和一些经济相对较发达的沿岸国家及地区,成为滨海旅游项目中独具魅力     

开拓创新 狠抓落实 开创胶南市海洋与渔业工作新局面

胶南市地处青岛西海岸,全市总面积1894km2,海岸线138km,管辖海域4000km2余,其中-20m以上浅海面积500km2、滩涂面积55km2,海湾5处,岛屿4个。近年来,胶南市海洋与渔业工作按照“三个代表”的要求,创新工作思路,把工作的着力点转到了“以项目兴办和园区基地建设促进海洋渔业跨越式发展,以优质服务促进管理水平提高”上来,着力实施了对外开放、项目推动、园区带动、科技兴渔和依法兴海策略,渔业经济结构调整取得显著进步,产业优势大幅度提升,资源保护力度进一步加大,海洋渔业执法水平明显提高。2002年完成水产品总产量32.9万t,比上年增长3.5%;渔…     

奋力开拓 勇于创新 推动全省海洋与渔业发展再上新台阶

2009年,江苏省海洋与渔业系统认真贯彻落实中央和省委、省政府"保供给、促增收、强基础、重民生"的决策部署,积极应对国际金融危机严峻挑战,围绕服务沿海开发与促进渔业经济发展两大重点任务,扎实工作,开拓创新,进一步强化海洋综合管理,扎实推进现代渔业建设,取得了危中抓机遇、发展超预期的良好成绩。围绕2009年各项工作的开展及2010年的工作部署,本刊记者对江苏省海洋与渔业局唐庆宁局长进行专访。     

锐意进取 开拓创新 努力推进海洋和渔业工作再上新水平

2009年,浙江省海洋与渔业系统以深入学习实践科学发展观为载体,认真贯彻落实省委"两创"总战略和"标本兼治、保稳促调"各项举措,积极应对金融危机不利影响,服务企业服务基层,转变发展方式,提升产业水平,全省海洋与渔业工作又取得了良好的业绩。本刊记者对浙江省海洋与渔业局赵利民局长进行了专访。     

厦门市海洋休闲渔业发展设想

为优化厦门市海洋休闲渔业的发展路线,文章通过对多年的渔业经济统计数据和本区域资源状况、发展现状和需求的综合分析,提出在厦门市建立多层次和多类型现代化海洋休闲渔业基地的发展设想。研究结果表明：近年来我国休闲渔业呈现占比上升和增速加快的发展优势,但也表现出发展不稳定和体量小等不足;福建省休闲渔业发展增速缓慢且体量较小,明显落后于全国平均水平;厦门市海洋休闲渔业已具雏形,但开发层次较低和规模较小,亟须充分挖掘资源、地理和文化优势,以重点项目设计为抓手,发展具有典型示范效应的产品,培育多样化、复合化和本土化的新型海洋休闲渔业产业。     

青岛市崂山区海洋休闲渔业发展研究

崂山区内领海基线之内的海域面积3700km^2,可用于养殖的海域面积2万km^2,目前崂山区海水养殖面积2215hm^2,养殖品种主要是鲍鱼、海参、对虾、扇贝等,但根据青岛市政府的统一布局,为优化滨海景观,清理潮间带和近岸水域的养殖设施,并进行渔业生产结构调整,也就是说,崂山区近岸海域相当大的部分要让位于旅游,如何     

Generating the evidence for marine fisheries policy and management

The uptake of research in marine fisheries management and policy making depends on how effectively fisheries managers, researchers and scientific advisers communicate the needs for evidence, and the results and policy implications of research. The MariFish network of the major European funders of marine fisheries has therefore undertaken a study of current practices relating to communication of research needs and results, identifying strengths and weaknesses, and consequently how two-way communications, and hence the effectiveness of generating evidence for marine fisheries policy making and management, can be improved. Conclusions and recommendations for ‘good practice’ include the importance of building good relationships and trust between researchers and fisheries managers, the need for fisheries ministries to have sufficient inhouse scientific capacity to act as ‘intelligent customers’, and the key role of interpreters of research whose skills and career paths need to be carefully developed.     

Perspectives for implementing fisheries certification in developing countries

This paper discusses the future of the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC), a market-based certification program, in developing countries and exposes the challenges and opportunities for fish producers. The MSC needs to attract the interest of more fishing enterprises from these regions to increase its global presence. Because most fisheries in developing countries cannot meet the MSC standards, or afford the certification process costs, it is suggested that there is a need for developing different levels within the MSC system and additional third-party assessing organizations. MSC certification may mean adoption of improvements in fisheries management and approving fishing regimes in developing countries. However, post-certification benefits may decrease as more fisheries become certified.     

Engaging stakeholders in fisheries and marine research

Despite knowledge-brokering being of high interest to public policy, there is a lack of research integrating the knowledge of stakeholders and scientists, principally because public policies remain viewed as top-down controlled. To help European research policies make a positive difference to society, there is a need to better engage stakeholders with the delivery of research and to demonstrate an impact and value that it brings. The pertinent question addressed by this communication is: how can a deeper and more systematic engagement of stakeholders be enabled through European research activities? Enabling stakeholder participation in European research activities requires there to be an incentive for researchers and stakeholders to engage, and the capacity of stakeholders to operate effectively in the research framework. Unsurprisingly, the establishment of communications and cultures conducive to shared problem solving is high priority, as is the need to work towards a governance structure that helps link research with policy outcomes, while at the same time resonating directly with stakeholders. The Regional Advisory Councils could be a strong force in bringing stakeholders knowledge to bear on the scientific issues relevant to management, but their strategy and capacity to mobilise the skills to do so are not yet ready.     

Small-scale marine fisheries policy in Vietnam

Vietnam's marine fisheries are considered to be small scale and are concentrated in coastal near-shore waters. This has resulted in heavy pressure on near-shore fisheries resources. Near-shore fisheries are considered by fishers and the government to be over-exploited, causing hardship for many coastal communities. This paper reviews and analyzes changes in policy towards small-scale fisheries in Vietnam over the last two decades. The primary issues facing the small-scale fisheries in Vietnam are to restructure the near-shore fisheries and to address over-capacity. Recommended actions include improved fisheries statistics, resources for provincial fisheries staff, and a coordinated and integrated approach involving a mixed strategy of resource management; resource restoration; economic and community development; and new governance arrangements.     

Measures for enhancing marine fisheries stock in Southeast Asia

The shared aquatic resources of Southeast Asia are important in terms of nutrition, income and employment, and at the same time, they are unique in terms of species composition and biodiversity. Many economically important fish species are highly migratory and are adversely affected by interference with the migration corridors between spawning and nursery grounds and adult habitats, as well as habitat degradation caused by pollution. In Southeast Asian waters migratory fish pass through overlapping ‘exclusive economic zones, (EEZs), often claimed by more than one country. As fish may be dependent on habitats in the contested area or on either side of the zone, there is a need to develop viable fisheries management systems, which in the end may ensure the enhancement of the aquatic resources and their sustainable use for years to come.