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钻孔偏斜问题是钻探工作中比较突出的问题,本文拟根据一些钻孔偏斜的实际资料和有关文献,对钻孔偏斜的基本因素、基本规律和解决钻孔偏斜问题的主要方向,作初步探讨.根据许多资料分析,钻孔偏斜有以下三个基本因素.(一)粗径钻具遇到岩石不均匀的抵抗力及自然条件和操作技术的影响钻进过程中岩石的可钻性、摩擦性、层理、劈理不同,对钻具抵抗力也就不同,因此自然条件加上操作技术的影响就成为钻孔偏斜原因之一. 相似文献
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受控定向钻进是利用孔底马达、偏斜器及定向器具,来施工一个预先设计的钻孔轨迹。偏斜器造成的偏斜力在定向钻进中直接影响造斜效果。本文结合定向钻进生产试验情况,就影响定向钻进的偏斜力问题加以讨论。 相似文献
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淮南矿业集团丁集煤矿风井井筒区地层软、硬互层频繁,岩层倾角23°左右,可钻性差,为防止钻孔施工中发生偏斜,采用了满眼钻具组合和主、副支点扶正器的钻进方法,达到了终孔井底落点允许最大偏斜率5‰,固管段允许最大偏斜率2‰要求,保证了地面预注浆工程的质量。 相似文献
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地倾斜连续观测是地壳形变观测研究中重要内容。汶川8.0级地震前,布设在四川德阳金河测点的新型BSQ型数字垂直摆倾斜仪观测到了明显的地形变异常现象。分析其观测结果可知,汶川8.0级地震前约半月时间内德阳金河测点的地倾斜运动速度较过去的平均运动水平提高了数十倍,且震前地表快速倾斜的方向在N25°W左右。除此之外,德阳金河BSQ型数字垂直摆倾斜仪测点还观测到较为完整的,对应于可以反映地表应力集中、释放过程的震前地表破裂过程。上述现象为今后研究强震孕育机理提供了重要的信息。介绍与分析了布设在龙门山断裂带附近的其它类型地倾斜仪在震前的观测结果。事实证明,BSQ型数字垂直摆倾斜仪在强震前的浅表过程监测中具有重要意义,值得在今后的地震前兆台网工作中进行推广。 相似文献
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Aiming at the stabilization of Qinghai-Tibetan Railway embankment during its construction and run, the method using tilt pipes to keep the permafrost embankment stabilization is put forward in the paper. By gathering natural cold energy in the winter and release it in the summer the tilt pipes can keep the permafrost embankment stabilizing. The temperature fields of the embankment and the stratums below are studied according to the condition of pipes diameter 250mm, length 7. 0m and tilt angle 30°,45°, 60° until the railway working for 20 years. It is shown that the embankment field using tilt pipes will eliminate the thawing core and come into subzero temperature phase ahead of 9 years compared with the original model. Different tilt angles have different efforts on the embankment and stratums, synthesis analysis of thermal income and expenses of the embankment and stratums should be carried out 相似文献
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讨论了基于倾斜摄影测量所构建的三维地表模型进行三维地质填图与三维地质建模软件的设计理念、开发环境、软件架构、关键技术、实现现状与应用前景。倾斜摄影影像经处理建模后构建的三维地表模型通常以OSGB格式保存,因此基于倾斜摄影成果的三维地质填图软件最好基于能直接读取、显示OSGB格式数据的OSG开源库,推荐VS2015+QT+OSG开发环境。该类软件的关键技术包括以Proj4为核心的坐标转换系统、地层界线的拾取与半自动追踪技术、基于反距离衰减函数的地层界面防穿透高程调节技术、切制地质剖面并由剖面修改地层界面的二三维联动编辑与修改地层界面的技术、在露头剖面上采集地层界线构建露头地层柱状图的技术。该软件的应用前景包括野外区域地质调查、煤田和油田等行业的野外地质填图,以及滑坡和泥石流崩塌等地质灾害危险区域的圈定。 相似文献
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倾斜定向排列裂缝地层可以等效为TI介质,根据TI介质弹性波反射透射方程,模拟了上覆各向同性泰勒岩/下伏含有倾斜裂缝的奥斯汀白垩岩模型qP波方位反射系数。通过将qP波方位反射系数拟合成椭圆,研究了裂缝密度、裂缝倾向、裂缝倾角与椭圆参数的关系。研究发现,随着裂缝密度增大椭圆扁率也在增大,裂缝倾向与椭圆中心点方位相差180°,裂缝倾角与椭圆中心点到坐标原点距离存在一定的对应关系。本研究可以为预测倾斜裂缝地层提供一定的理论支撑。 相似文献
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《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(1-3):49-64
The astronomical and geodetic observatory OCA, located on the karst plateau of Calern (Caussols, France), has been monitoring earth deformation for several years. Two medium baseline tiltmeters have been installed in a shaft in 2007, along with classical hydrogeological monitoring tools in order to investigate the relationship between current karst deformation and hydrology. Dye tests have shown that the plateau is drained towards the East, to the spring of Bramafam, except for its Western third. Karst tilting, as recorded by the tiltmeters, is linked to rainfall events. These instruments bring additional information to characterize different reservoirs: the deep karst aquifer of Bramafan with high amplitude oscillations of its water table, up to 100 m, the perched aquifer of Moustiques shaft whose response is attenuated, and several slope aquifers with reduced oscillations (Fontaniers, Castel Bon Pré). Tilt deformation reaches 8 μad with a definite orientation between N90°E and N100°E. The best correlation between hydrology and tilts is observed for the deep aquifers. If the first autumn rainfall is ineffective on tilt, it recharges the epikarst and refills the reserves. The winter rains cause the water to flush towards the eastern deep aquifer and provokes a quick tilting of the plateau. Finally, the long term variations in tilt and water table show a very good correlation. The relationship between current hydrological deformations and tectonics is also analyzed; broken and shifted speleothems in the shafts indicate a general shift of the plateau towards the south. 相似文献
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依据重力、磁力异常数据及其处理结果( 水平梯度模和斜导数) ,对敦化盆地边界、基底起伏、断裂位置及以火成岩为代表的磁性体分布进行了研究。盆地重力异常的分析和水平梯度模及斜导数的计算结果表明,盆地基底具南部凹陷、中央凸起和北部凹陷的“两凹一凸”的起伏形态特征,盆地内断裂以SW--NE 向为主,盆地为单断半地堑式盆地。依据航磁异常,将盆地划分为4 个异常区: 东北部磁异常区、中部低磁异常区、西南高磁异常区和西南边部相对低磁异常区。结合磁异常水平梯度模和斜导数的计算结果显示,以火成岩为代表的磁性体受SW--NE 向构造控制。 相似文献