滇西南昌宁－孟连构造带晚泥盆世枕状玄武岩和层状硅质岩的特征

滇西南耿马地区回爱剖面发育有昌宁-孟连构造带最早的枕状玄武岩,与其共生的放射虫硅质岩、硅质泥岩含有晚泥盆世放射虫和牙形石化石。对硅质岩和玄武岩的地球化学研究表明,玄武岩的化学成分具有高P、Ti的特点,轻稀土元素富集,在稀土元素球粒陨石标准化模式图上表现为明显的右倾,微量元素中K、Rb、Ba等大离子亲石元素与Nb、Ta、Zr等高场强元素富集。化学投图结果表明玄武岩形成于洋岛环境。硅质岩的Al／(Al Fe Mn)比值大部分介于0.5～0.7之间,Al_2O_3／(Fe_2O_3 Al_2O_3)位于0.41～0.8之间,大部分硅质岩的Ce／Ce*比值小于1,具弱的Ce负异常,总体表现为大陆边缘型硅质岩的特征。这说明研究区晚泥盆世为邻近大陆边缘的洋盆环境,具洋壳性质的昌宁-孟连古特提斯盆地在晚泥盆世已经形成。     

老挝西北部琅勃拉邦构造带放射虫硅质岩及其构造意义

琅勃拉邦构造带内放射虫硅质岩含有放射虫Entactinia vulgaris Won, Entactinosphaera palimpola Foreman和Belowea variabilis (Ormiston et Lane),时代为早石炭世,为老挝境内首次报告。硅质岩样品具有很高的SiO2质量分数(95.29%~98.17%),大部分样品表现出相类似的稀土配分模式,部分样品配分模式图表现为上凸状,具有中稀土富集,均具有明显的Ce负异常,Ce/Ce*值为0.64~0.74,其中部分样品具有Eu的负异常,为0.58~0.68。Y/Ho比值为31.05~40.96,类似日本Sasayama中-晚二叠世的远洋硅质岩。地球化学显示其为含酸性火山碎屑非热液成因的远洋硅质岩。这些研究证实了在思茅板块和印支板块之间存在一个开阔的石炭纪时期弧后盆地。     

新疆卡拉麦里蛇绿岩带中硅质岩的放射虫化石

新疆卡拉麦里构造带在奇台县南明水地区可划分为三个岩石一构造单元：①北带，由中泥盆世复理石组成；②南带，由中泥盆世—早石炭世沉积岩—火山质碎屑岩组成；③蛇绿岩带。三者之间均为断裂接触。蛇绿岩套上部单元的红色硅质岩中发现丰富的放射虫化石，经鉴定，其时代确定为晚泥盆世法门期一早石炭世杜内期，代表卡拉麦里蛇绿岩形成的晚期年龄。     

滇西北甘孜-理塘构造带放射虫地层、硅质岩地球化学及其构造古地理意义

滇西北香格里拉地区上三叠统哈工组由砂岩、粉砂岩和泥岩组成,并发育大量的沉积混杂岩块。硅质混杂岩块中含有大量的放射虫及竹节石生物化石。放射虫自中泥盆世到中三叠世均有分布,竹节石时代为中泥盆世。不同时代的硅质岩均为生物成因硅质岩,其Al2O3/(Al2O3+Fe2O3)比值介于0.58～0.96之间。北美页岩标准化的稀土模式比较平坦,具弱的Ce负异常或明显的正异常,Eu异常不明显,总体表现为大陆边缘型硅质岩的特征。生物组合和地球化学特征说明甘孜-理塘盆地自早泥盆世裂开。根据硅质岩和硅质泥岩的稀土元素特征,该盆地演化经历了中泥盆世至早石炭世早期缓慢扩张的构造活动期和早石炭世晚期至早三叠世的快速扩张期,以及中三叠世晚期的向西俯冲阶段。晚三叠世,甚至侏罗纪,该盆地仍然发育有深水沉积环境。     

东昆仑南缘布青山构造混杂带哥日卓托洋岛玄武岩地球化学特征及构造意义

东昆仑南缘布青山地区哥日卓托一带出露一套洋岛玄武岩,主要由枕状玄武岩与杏仁状玄武岩组成,空间上与厚层-块状碳酸盐岩及薄层状硅泥岩相伴产出。详细的地质、地球化学特征研究表明,哥日卓托玄武岩SiO2质量分数为44.51%~48.43%,MgO为4.67%~6.99%,Na2O为1.74%~3.72%,TiO2为1.29%~1.85%,与拉斑玄武岩平均值相似。主量元素特征表明其主体属于亚碱性系列拉斑玄武岩,与冰岛拉斑玄武岩或夏威夷群岛喷发早期的拉斑玄武岩特征相类似。哥日卓托玄武岩∑REE为(68.71~133.50)×10-6,LREE/HREE为3.55~5.17,(La/Yb)N为3.07~5.32,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线图呈现轻稀土元素富集右倾型。原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图表现出向上大隆起的富集形态。玄武岩微量元素判别表明其形成于洋岛构造环境。岩石成因研究表明陆壳物质对其混染的可能性较小,岩石成分主要受熔融源区控制,并估算其为由地幔源区1%~3%的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩部分熔融的产物。结合前人资料认为该套洋岛玄武岩形成于早石炭世,进一步证明布青山古特提斯洋石炭纪时很可能是一个北缘发育复杂被动大陆边缘而布青山地区发育深水洋盆、洋岛/海山遍布的有限洋盆系统。     

南天山洋古地理及构造演化：西南天山放射虫硅质岩与地层记录的再认识*

泥盆纪—石炭纪放射虫硅质岩在西南天山广泛分布,从东部的独库公路沿线到西部的阿合奇中—吉边境构成一条深水沉积带。独库公路沿线已发现中泥盆世晚期至早石炭世维宪早期的放射虫硅质岩,可用“库勒湖组”统称。从志留系顶统科克铁克达坂组经下泥盆统阿尔腾柯斯组到库勒湖组的生物地层和沉积相研究表明了南天山洋从浅海到深水洋盆的演化过程。南天山洋是塔里木北缘浅海陆架裂解产生的小洋盆。构造古地理和生物古地理研究表明,南天山洋是古特提斯的分支洋盆,不属古亚洲洋范围。塔里木以南的古特提斯分支洋盆,在早石炭世及之后的继续扩张,使塔里木北移,导致南天山洋和准噶尔—北天山区的古亚洲洋在早石炭世晚期和晚石炭世相继消亡。     

南盘江盆地北部二叠纪末放射虫动物群与古水深

古-中生代之交,不同古地理背景中生物灭绝的表现不同.有关放射虫动物群研究,一方面,提供古地理背景等重要信息;另一方面,为生物多样性演变的研究提供基础资料.二叠纪-三叠纪之交盆地相放射虫的研究对揭示不同沉积相生物灭绝和古环境演变具有重要意义.贵州惠水以南克脚二叠系-三叠系界线剖面位于南盘江盆地北部,为盆地相沉积.对克脚剖面大隆组和大冶组底部放射虫动物群进行了初步统计、类群组合特征分析,结合放射虫的保存状态,对克脚剖面二叠纪末古水深进行了详细研究,认为大隆组至大冶组底部地层沉积于浪基面以下,古水深普遍浅于150 m,大隆组上部最大海侵时古水深最浅达200 m左右.      

东南亚长山构造带二叠纪-三叠纪岩浆作用及其古特提斯构造意义

长山构造带（简称长山带,Truong Son）是印支陆块北部最大的构造岩浆岩带,保存了大量晚古生代-早中生代的岩浆记录,并被认为与马江古特提斯分支洋/弧后盆地的演化及随后的印支与华南陆块的拼合有关。本文系统综合了该带二叠纪-三叠纪的长英质火成岩数据并分析其岩石成因,阐明马江古特提斯分支洋/弧后盆地的构造演化过程。研究表明早二叠世花岗质岩石来自新底侵的基性岩源区,而早二叠世晚期-晚二叠世的花岗质岩石和流纹岩的源区为古-中元古代变火成岩和变杂砂岩组成的混合源区。二叠纪长英质火成岩形成于马江分支洋/弧后盆地向印支陆块的俯冲过程。三叠纪具负ε_Hf（t）和ε_Nd（t）值的花岗质岩石来自古-中元古代变火成岩和变沉积岩的混合源区,而具正ε_Hf（t）值的晚三叠世花岗质岩石来自新生基性地壳并有一定变杂砂岩组分的加入。这些数据表明在三叠纪初期（～250 Ma）,马江古特提斯分支洋/弧后盆地已经闭合,随后华南与印支陆块发生碰撞。在中-晚三叠世,长山带进入到碰撞后阶段。     

青海南部金沙江缝合带二叠纪硅质岩地球化学特征及沉积环境

青海省南部扎河地区金沙江缝合带中出露的通天河蛇绿混杂岩由不同时代、不同岩性的地层断片组成.对其中的二叠纪硅质岩进行地球化学研究后发现,该地区的硅质岩SiO2含量在71.56%~88.24%之间,Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)平均值为0.64,MnO/TiO2平均值为0.74,ΣREE平均为138.51×10-6,稀土元素配分曲线呈平坦型,δCe为0.97~1.49,平均为1.14,无明显异常;(La/Yb)N平均值为1.85,(La/Ce)N平均值为1.08,与已知大地构造背景的硅质岩地球化学特征对比,表明其形成环境为陆间洋盆环境.因此,金沙江带不能作为古特提斯域的主缝合带.     

赣东北蛇绿混杂岩带中多处发现含晚古生代放射虫硅质岩

作者继１９９３年１０月在赣东北蛇绿混杂岩带中首次发现晚古生代深水相放射虫硅质岩之后，经过１９９５年和１９９６年两次野外工作，又在该混杂岩带中及其两侧多处发现了含晚古生代放射虫的硅质岩及其深水相的沉积组合。从而为华南晚古生代或古生代—中生代洋盆的厘定，以及华南大地构造格局的再认识，提供了有力的新论据     

昌宁-孟连缝合带乌木龙-铜厂街洋岛型火山岩地球化学特征及其大地构造意义

详细的地球化学解析表明,乌木龙—铜厂街地区出露的蛇绿混杂岩主要包括方辉橄榄岩、纯橄榄岩和碱性玄武岩。其中,方辉橄榄岩和纯橄榄岩具有极低的CaO含量(<0.1%)、稀土总量(<5×10-6)和(La/Yb)N(0.96～1.14)值,(Ce/Yb)N为1.04～1.37,为轻稀土弱亏损型。本区碱性玄武岩具有高TiO2(2.57%～3.33%)、高K2O(2.29%～5.52%)的显著特征,(La/Yb)N为15.42～19.81,(Ce/Yb)N为12.48～14.76,为轻稀土强烈富集型;岩石Ti/V、Th/Ta、Th/Yb、Ti/Yb、Ta/Yb与来自亏损地幔的MORB以及与俯冲有关的岛弧火山岩明显不同,而主要显示为OIB型火山岩的微量元素地球化学特征,乃是典型的大洋板块内部岩浆作用的产物。该区洋岛型火山岩的厘定,表明昌宁—孟连古洋盆在石炭—二叠纪期间曾经历过一个由初始洋盆到成熟洋盆的完整发育演化过程。     

泰国难府-程逸缝合带中灰岩块的 虫筳 类生物地层学

The study area, Nan Province, northern Thailand is geotectonically situated within the Nan-Uttaradit Suture, the once back-arc basin between the Sukhothai Zone and Indochina Block. Permian Fusulinacean fauna from limestone blocks within the suture has been investigated and the Nan area has been mapped in detail. These may provide the useful information for understanding the faunal assemblage and overall ge-ometry of stratigraphic successions in the basin. The strata were intensely folded and thrust. Scattered Per-mian limestones found in Nan area are blocks within shale interbedded with tuffaceous rock. The contact between this unit and the adjacent units, the strongly foliated shale and tuffaceous sedimentary strata that are mildly metamorphosed and giving phyllitic tex-tures, has been interpreted as a west-dipping normal fault, namely the Pha Sing Fault. This fault runs par-allel to the Highway no.1080 (Nan-Tha Wang Pha). Middle and early Late Permian fusulinacean fauna found in the Nan area contains Neoschwagerina, Pseudodoliolina, Colania, Lepidolina, and Colaniella. Additionally, late Early Permian fusulinacean and Middle Triassic radiolarian fauna have been reported in this area (e.g., Fontaine, 2002; Saesaengseerung et al. 2008). These paleontological data show the existence of Nan Back-arc Basin during late Early Permian (Artin-skian) to Middle Triassic. Moreover, the similarity of fusulinacean assemblage yielding Permian limestone blocks of the Nan Back-arc Basin and the ones of the Indochina Block has been interpreted that the Permian limestone blocks in the Nan Back-arc Basin were part of the continental shelf within the Indochina Block.     

Reexamination of Radiolarian Biostratigraphy in Permian in Pelagic Chert Sequences at Dachongling Section, South China

Permian radiolarian biostratigraphy was reexamined in the bedded chert section in Qinzhou area of southeast Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, South China. On the basis of the analyses of characteristic radiolarian composition, six radiolarian zones are recognized, namely, Pseudoalbaillella longtanensis Zone, Pseudoalbaillella globosa Zone, Follicucullus monacanthus Zone, Follicucullus scholasticus Zone, Follicucullus charveti Zone and Neoalbaillella ornithoformis Zone, in ascending order. Correlation of these radiolarian zones with those in Japan is presented. The Neoalbaillella ornithoformis Zone was firstly discovered in Dachongling Section, which may indicate that pelagic chert of the late Permian existed there, according to the co-occurring conodonts.     

海南儋州-屯昌地区二叠纪地层的发现及其意义

在海南岛中部儋州-屯昌地区前人划归石炭系地层中采获放射虫等古生物化石,新厘定出一套二叠系地层.其下部为一套滨浅相碎屑岩,局部夹碳酸盐岩、变质基性火山岩;上部为一套深水沉积岩系夹硅质岩,局部夹变质基性火山岩.与海南岛西部、西南部一带出露的二叠世地层比较,岩性组合特征、沉积类型、沉积相、生物富集程度和属种组分及所处沉积构造背景均存在显著差异.该套地层的确定,对研究海南岛二叠纪地层的沉积相,重塑古地理环境,以及研究古特提东延及构造演化等问题具重要意义.     

浅析贵州二叠系锰矿与峨眉山玄武岩之关系

贵州遵义-水城地区中二叠纪茅口组第二段顶部产出的原生碳酸锰和氧化锰矿床,为贵州二叠系锰矿主要矿床。贵州中西部有大量的峨眉山玄武岩分布。本文就贵州二叠系锰矿与峨眉山玄武岩之关系进行探讨。     

Geochemical characteristics of the oceanic island-type volcanic rocks in the Chiang Mai zone,northern Thailand

The oceanic island volcanic rocks in the Chiang Mai zone, northern Thailand, are usually covered by Lower Carboniferous and Upper Permian shallow-water carbonate rocks, with the Hawaii rocks and potash trachybasalt being the main rock types. The alkaline series is dominant with sub-alkaline series occurring in few cases. The geochemical characteristics are described as follows: the major chemical compositions are characterized by high TiO₂, high P₂O₅ and medium K₂O; the rare-earth elements are characterized by right-inclined strong LREE-enrichment patterns; the trace element patterns are of the upward-bulging K-Ti enrichment type; multi-component plots falling within the fields of oceanic island basalts and alkali basalts, belonging to the oceanic island-type volcanic rocks, which are similar to the equivalents in Deqin and Gengma (the Changning-Menglian zone) of Yunnan Province, China.     

Radiolarian Age of Manganese Ore and Red Chert from the Ananai Stratiform Manganese Deposit in the Northern Chichibu Belt, Central Shikoku, Japan

Abstract. We obtain radiolarian fossils such as Follicucullus monacanthus, Pseudoalbaillella aff. globosa, Pseudoalbaillella cf fusiformis , and Pseudoalbaillella spp. belonging to the Pseudoalbaillella globosa and Follicucullus monacanthus Zones from manganese ore and associated red chert of the Ananai stratiform manganese deposit in the Northern Chichibu Belt, central Shikoku. The depositional age of the Ananai ore deposit is constrained as Guadalupian (Middle Permian) that is between 270.6 and 260.4 Ma in the updated geologic time scale.     

Tectonic implications of the Nan Suture Zone and its relationship to the Sukhothai Fold Belt, Northern Thailand

The Nan Suture and the Sukhothai Fold Belt reflect the processes associated with the collision between the Shan-Thai and Indochina Terranes in southeast Asia. The Shan-Thai Terrane rifted from Gondwana in the Early Permian. As it drifted north a subduction complex developed along its northern margin. The Nan serpentinitic melange is a thrust slice within the Pha Som Metamorphic Complex and in total this unit is a Late Permian accretionary complex containing offscraped blocks from subducted oceanic crust of Carboniferous and Permian age. The deformational style within the Pha Som Metamorphic Complex supports a west-dipping subduction zone. The Late Permian to Late Triassic fore-arc basin sediments are preserved in the Sukhothai Fold Belt and include a near continuous sedimentary record, at least locally. The whole sequence was folded and complexly thrust in the Late Triassic as a result of the collision. Late syn- to post-kinematic granites place an upper limit of 200 Ma on the time of collision. Post-orogenic sediments prograded across the suture in the Jurassic.     

Permo-Carboniferous Radiolarians from the Wupata''''erkan Group,Western South Tianshan, Xinjiang, China

1 IntroductionThe Wupata'erkan Group, also called Wupata'erkanFormation (Wang et al., 1990), in the western SouthTianshan, China (Fig. 1), mainly comprises gray and darkgray fine-grained clastic rocks, interlayered with medium-acidic volcanic rocks (andesite and quartz porphyry),carbonates, cherts and variegated tuffaceousconglomerates. The chert in the formation was firstly foundin our field trip along sections of the Qiqi'erjianakesu Riverand Kekebiele Daban. Deformation of the group is…