加筋路基处治不均匀沉降模型试验研究

通过室内小比例模型试验,模拟高速公路过渡段施工中经常采用的土工格栅加筋路基,研究土工格栅加筋结构能否有效控制高速公路过渡段的不均匀沉降。试验共设计了不铺设土工格栅、铺设1层土工格栅在路基上、中、下位置、铺设2层土工格栅在路基上中、中下、上下位置铺设,以及铺设3层土工格栅上中下位置,共8种工况,分析各种土工格栅加筋方案中路基的不均匀沉降和土工格栅的受力特性。试验结果表明,土工格栅加筋路基可明显调节过渡段的不均匀沉降,在路基的中部和上部铺设2层土工格栅的加筋效果最佳。     

土工格栅的界面特性试验

有关土工织物界面试验的成果较多,而土工格栅界面试验的成果很少。介绍了单向拉伸格栅和经编格栅的界面试验内容和成果,对土工格栅与砂砾石、粗砂、残积土的界面摩擦系数作出评价,并与有纺土工布的成果进行比较。     

土工格栅蠕变特性的试验研究及粘弹性本构模型

土工格栅的蠕变特性是影响土工格栅加筋支挡结构长期工作性能的重要因素。通过实验室内蠕变试验,针对不同荷载和温度组合,对土工格栅的蠕变特性进行了对比试验。通过对试验结果的综合比较,详细地分析了土工格栅载荷-应变等时曲线、蠕变曲线及松驰曲线的变化特征,由此并基于粘弹性理论提出了能够反映土工格栅蠕变特性的粘弹性本构模型,提出了模型参数的合理确定方法。并通过模型预测与试验结果的对比论证了所建议粘弹性本构模型的可靠性     

土工织物-砂土界面的叠环式剪切试验

针对土工合成材料界面特性试验易受试验装置影响的特点,采用大型叠环式剪切仪进行土工织物与砂土的界面剪切试验。对比砂土本身、土工织物与砂土的两种剪切试验结果发现,土工织物-砂土剪切引起的叠环位移较小;叠环的水平位移变化规律与土体的剪胀性具有密切联系,土工织物限制了下剪切盒内土颗粒的运动,对达到峰值强度时的土体剪胀也具有抑制作用。由试验结果可知,筋-土界面的剪切带远小于剪切的影响范围,土工织物在界面剪切中的作用不能仅通过剪切带反映,还应考虑土工织物的屏蔽作用和对于土体剪切带形成的影响。     

岩土工程勘察土工试验信息化管理平台设计研究

<正>土工试验是岩土工程勘察的重要环节,其采用特定方法,测定岩土体的物理、力学性质,反映土的基本工程性质,为地基基础设计、基坑边坡支护设计等提供计算参数,是岩土工程勘察的重要环节。土工试验数据的可靠性直接关系到建设项目的质量安全^[1]。土工试验数据的质量影响因素众多,主要包括取样的质量、样品保存和运输过程中对土体的扰动程度、试验仪器设备、实验人员及操作方法等^[2]。同时,不同行业的试验标准和方法也存在一定差异,即使同一样品,其试验结果也存在差异。本文针对传统土工试验存在的样品信息零散、试样信息时效性差等问题,结合勘察外业信息化管理平台,开发外业采集APP及WEB管理平台,实现土工试验信息化管理,提高土工试验的生产效率,保证成果的可靠性,提升工程勘察项目质量。     

岩土工程勘察土工试验中的常见问题

用岩土力学理论对现行《土工试验方法标准》中的一些试验方法进行剖析,分析试样制备、土物理性质试验和力学性质试验理论的关键点和模糊认识。结合实践经验讨论土工试验中的常见问题,并提出解决方法和建议。     

岩土工程勘察土工试验数据自动化处理实现方法

岩土工程勘察工作的内业资料整理过程中，土工试验数据处理是影响勘察报告质量及进度的主要因素之一，本文基于Microsoft EXCEL软件的简单开发，将手工处理土工试验资料的过程程序化、简单化，从而提高土工试验数据处理速度和报告质量。     

土工格室加筋土的大尺寸直剪试验研究

采用自行研制的500 mm?500 mm?400 mm（长?宽?高）大尺寸直剪仪,对土工格室加筋土以及土工格室加筋水泥稳定土的剪切性能进行了试验研究。通过大尺寸直剪试验模拟土工格室加筋土的剪切作用过程,得出加筋土剪切应力与剪切应变关系为非线性确定了土工格室加筋土的抗剪强度指标以及土工格室对土的抗剪强度增强机理,土工格室加筋土的黏聚力提高较大,内摩擦角变化相对较小。通过对素土和掺入量为5 %的水泥稳定土进行常规直剪试验、大尺寸直剪试验和三轴压缩试验对比分析,探讨不同试验方法对抗剪强度指标的影响,得出3种试验方法对应的抗剪强度指标及其相对大小;即素土的摩擦角大小依次为：三轴试验小于大尺寸直剪试验小于常规直剪试验,素土的黏聚力大小依次为：大尺寸直剪试验小于三轴试验小于常规直剪试验;水泥稳定土的摩擦角大小为：三轴试验小于大尺寸直剪试验,黏聚力结果比较大小依次为：三轴试验小于大尺寸直剪试验。     

土工试验指标影响因素分析

土是地壳表层的岩石风化后产生的松散堆积物,不同地区的土具有不同的物理性质和力学性质。土工试验是指对岩和土的物理、力学、化学性质和矿物成分的测试,为工程勘察提供重要的参数,是岩土工程勘察中重要组成部分,其准确性直接影响工程的安全和质量。简述土工常规试验操作步骤,对土工常规试验数据影响因素进行总结,并对如何提高试验数据准确性提出意见和想法。     

常规土工试验数据处理的数学模型及应用

文章介绍了土工试验室常规物理力学指标试验数据处理的数学模型,为土工试验技术人员使用微机或可编程序计算器进行数据处理编程提供了计算模式.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861