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The effect of two different combinations of a spring mounting base and a rubber pad sandwiched between the machine base and
its concrete footing block was examined experimentally. The machine was subjected to steady state horizontal harmonic excitation
with the help of the Lazan mechanical oscillator. Experiments were performed by inserting a spring cushioning system between
the machine base and its concrete footing. In addition, two additional series of experiments were carried out by placing a
rubber pad either just above or below the spring cushioning system. It was clearly noted that an employment of a spring cushioning
system, as an active isolation measure, becomes the most effective when the rubber pad is kept just below the machine base.
For different combinations of the spring mounting base and rubber pad, two different modes of resonance were clearly observed
and the peak amplitudes of vibrations were found to be associated always with the second mode; the predominant frequencies
associated with the peak amplitude of vibrations (second mode) were found to be significantly greater than those without the
employment of any isolation system in which case only a single mode of resonance was observed. It is expected that the study
will be beneficial for assessing the performance of the machine foundations with the employment of springs and rubber pad. 相似文献
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针对常规摩擦阻尼器的起滑力难以确定的问题,提出了复合摩擦阻尼系统(CFDS),它由非线性硬弹簧和摩擦阻尼器串联而成。当地震较小时,摩擦阻尼器处于附着状态,非线性硬弹簧发挥作用,防止隔震层位移过大;当地震较大时,非线性硬弹簧的变形则保持不变,摩擦阻尼器处于滑动状态,通过摩擦阻尼耗散能量。建立了带有复合摩擦阻尼系统的基础隔震结构的运动方程,指出摩擦阻尼器处于附着和滑移2种状态下边界条件。据此研究了常规强震和近断层脉冲型地震动作用下复合摩擦阻尼装置对橡胶隔震结构的减震效果。仿真分析表明:安装复合摩擦阻尼系统,在显著降低隔震层位移的同时,对上部结构的层间位移和加速度均有一定的减震效果;并且,在整个运动过程中,摩擦阻尼器会在附着和滑移2种状态之间来回切换。详细研究了复合摩擦阻尼系统的3个参数对隔震结构的减震效果。结果表明:在不同地震波作用下,由于摩擦阻尼系统参数的变化导致隔震结构地震响应的变化趋势是不同的,因此最优参数的取值与输入地震波类型和地面加速度峰值有关,并且不存在使隔震层位移和上部结构加速度同时达到最小的最优参数,因此需要设定合适的控制目标以确定适当的阻尼系统参数。 相似文献
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三明治形加筋土是一种在黏土中加入加筋砂层形成的混合填料形式的新型加筋土。为了研究不同条件下三明治形加筋土筋-土界面的动力剪切特性,采用大型直剪仪对三明治形加筋土进行了一系列循环剪切试验,研究了不同薄砂层厚度、循环剪切幅值和竖向应力对界面剪切特性的影响。试验结果表明:筋-土界面的剪应力峰值随着循环次数的增加而增加,循环周次为10时,薄砂层厚度为5、6、7、8、9 mm的条件下,筋-土界面的剪应力峰值分别为24.84、27.4、27.94、26.33、24.68 kPa,表明薄砂层厚度为7 mm时,筋-土界面在循环剪切阶段的峰值剪应力最大;剪切幅值越大,界面循环剪切的最终剪缩量越大,同一循环次数对应的剪切刚度和阻尼比越小;在不同竖向应力下,界面在循环剪切过程中都发生了循环剪切硬化现象,循环周次为10时,竖向应力为30、60、90 kPa的条件下,筋-土界面的剪应力峰值分别为20.4、25.14、32.96 kPa,表明剪应力峰值随竖向应力的增大而增大,同一循环次数对应的剪切刚度也随竖向应力的增大而增大。 相似文献
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介绍了新型PBA工法所使用的PA-10型钢管柱安装机的结构、性能参数与自动调垂原理。对比传统PBA工法,采用PA-10型钢管柱安装机的新型PBA工法具有成孔效率高、调垂精度高、施工周期短、经济效益高等优势。结合哈尔滨市地铁2号线省政府站钢管柱施工案例,中桩的测量放样结果显示安装机调垂精度完全符合设计需求,证明了PA-10型钢管柱安装机的研制是成功的。PA-10型钢管柱安装机的应用,在减轻工人劳动强度的同时,极大地提高了施工的安全系数与施工质量,对于地铁车站建设向机械化、自动化发展方面具有重大意义,也符合现代城市轨道交通建设的发展趋势。 相似文献
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为了分析径向非均质土中单桩纵向振动特性,基于复刚度传递径向多圈层并采用黏性阻尼模型描述桩周土材料阻尼,建立了三维轴对称径向成层非均质土体中桩基纵向振动简化分析模型。采用Laplace变换和复刚度传递方法,递推得出桩周土体与桩体界面处复刚度,进而利用桩-土完全耦合条件推导得出桩顶动力阻抗解析解,并将所得解退化到均质土情况,与已有解答进行比较验证其合理性。在此基础上对桩基纵向振动特性进行参数化分析,计算结果表明:桩周土体阻尼系数、桩底土阻尼因子仅对桩顶动力阻抗曲线振幅有较明显的影响,而桩底土刚度因子对桩顶动力阻抗曲线振幅及共振频率均有显著影响;桩周土软(硬)化程度越高(低),桩顶动力阻抗曲线振幅越大(小);桩周土软(硬)化范围越大,桩顶动力阻抗曲线振幅水平越高(低);但桩周土软(硬)化程度、软(硬)化范围对桩顶动力阻抗曲线共振频率影响则可忽略。 相似文献
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Fan Jian Tang Jiaxiang Department of Civil Engineering Huazhong University of Science Technology Wuhan 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2001,12(4)
lNTRODUCTlONBase iso1ation is regarded as a practical and economicalway to protect structures from damages subjected to earth-quake motion. Isolators implemented between the base raft ofthe structure and foundation can dissipate and absorb earth-quake energy, and reduce obviously the transmission of groundmotion to structure. In short, the principle of base isolation in-cludes two factors: (i) The natural period of structures withfixed base is usually 0. 2-- l. 2 s, close to the natural pe… 相似文献
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This paper presents results of meticulous laboratory testing and numerical simulations on the effect of reinforcement on the
low-strain stiffness and bearing capacity of shallow foundations on dry sand. The effect of the location and the number of
reinforcement layers is studied in the laboratory, whereas numerical simulations are used to study the reinforcement-foundation
interaction. Laboratory tests show an increase of 100, 200, and 275% not only in bearing capacity but also in low-strain stiffness
(linear load–displacement behaviour) of a square foundation when one, two, and three layers of reinforcement are used, respectively.
The specimen preparation technique is found to be crucial for the repeatability and reliability of the laboratory results
(less than 5% variability). Numerical simulations demonstrate that if reinforcements are placed up to a depth of one footing
width (B) below the foundation, better re-distribution of the load to deeper layers is achieved, thus reducing the stresses and strains
underneath the foundation. Numerical simulations and experimental results clearly identify a critical zone between 0.3 and
0.5B, where maximum benefits not only on the bearing capacity but also on the low-strain stiffness of the foundation are obtained.
Therefore, soil reinforcement can also be used to reduce low-strain vibrations of foundations. 相似文献
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Dynamic Response of Machine Foundation on Layered Soil: Cone Model Versus Experiments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P. K. Pradhan A. Mandal D. K. Baidya D. P. Ghosh 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2008,26(4):453-468
This paper presents the experimental validation of analytical solution based on cone model for machine foundation vibration
analysis on layered soil. Impedance functions for a rigid massless circular foundation resting on a two layered soil system
subjected to vertical harmonic excitation are found using cone model. Linear hysteretic material damping is introduced using
correspondence principle. The frequency-amplitude response of a massive foundation is then computed using impedance functions.
To verify the solution field experiments are conducted in two different layered soil systems such as gravel layer over in situ
soil and gravel layer over concrete slab (rigid base). A total 72 numbers of vertical vibration tests on square model footing
were conducted using Lazan type mechanical oscillator, varying the influencing parameters such as depth of top layer, static
weight of foundation and dynamic force level. The frequency-amplitude response in general and in particular the resonant frequencies
and resonant amplitudes predicted by cone model is compared with the results of experimental investigation, which shows a
close agreement. Thus the cone model is reliable in its application to machine foundation vibration on layered soil. 相似文献
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钙质砂与钢界面的动力响应对岛礁地质条件下结构物基础的安全与稳定具有重要意义。基于界面环剪仪,开展了一系列钙质砂?钢界面循环剪切试验,探究了法向应力、剪切位移幅值和粒径大小对界面剪切刚度和阻尼比的影响,并与石英砂进行了对比。研究结果表明:法向应力和剪切位移幅值对界面剪切刚度和阻尼比起控制作用;法向应力的增大导致界面剪切刚度增大、阻尼比降低;剪切位移幅值的增大,则导致剪切刚度近似呈反比降低,而阻尼比近似呈对数增大;对于均一粒径的钙质砂,存在着分界粒径,使其剪切刚度和阻尼比的变化规律呈现显著区别;石英砂粒径较大时,其界面剪切刚度和阻尼比与钙质砂明显不同,而粒径较小时两类砂表现出类似的剪切刚度和阻尼比特性。 相似文献
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介绍了国内外岩心钻机的发展现状,并结合目前我国的实际应用状况,分别就机械传动钻机、液压传动钻机与当今主流钻探工艺的适应性进行了分析比较,认为全液压岩心钻机是发展方向。但是,两种传动型式的钻机会在较长时期内共存,全液压岩心钻机的系列研发与机械传动岩心钻机的改型、改进应处于并重的地位。并指出在产品研发和产业化制造过程中需关注的问题。 相似文献
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针对棒、管料开槽的问题,提出了一种新型全自动开槽机。介绍了该开槽机的结构和工作原理,建立全自动开槽机相适应的液压系统,搭建了开槽机继电器——控制器控制电路,实现了该设备的全自动过程控制。 相似文献
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以鲁甸地震诱发的红石岩崩塌滑坡为研究对象,通过大型振动台模型试验和3DEC数值模拟,研究了含软弱岩层的反倾岩质边坡的动力响应和破坏失稳模式.研究结果表明:水平加载下,随频率增大PGA放大系数先减小后增大,在接近坡体自振频率8Hz的波形加载下,坡体动力响应最为剧烈,软弱岩层对不同频率的横波具有放大和吸收作用,对5~10Hz的横波放大效应明显,对15~20Hz的横波则明显吸收;竖向加载下,随加载正弦波频率的增加,PGA放大系数先增大,25Hz时PGA放大系数减小,随后又继续增大,在频率为30Hz时PGA放大系数达到最大,在5~30Hz范围内软弱岩层对纵波均具有一定的放大效果;双向加载下,坡体水平和竖向PGA放大系数分布与单向加载一致,但双向加载下坡体部分位置动力响应加剧,部分位置动力响应则受到抑制.含软弱岩层的反倾岩质边坡破坏过程可以分为6个阶段:坡体内部轻微损伤-软岩挤出、软硬岩交界上方硬岩拉裂-硬岩裂纹向上延展-软弱岩层挤压滑动-层面和纵向节理贯通形成滑面-边坡破坏.在软弱岩层的反倾岩质边坡中,软弱岩层具有对地震波的放大吸收、折射反射作用,影响着边坡的动力响应特征,软弱岩层的挤出破坏导致上部岩体岩结构面松动开裂,是该类岩质边坡破坏发展的主要原因,对该类边坡需应注意对软弱岩层进行加固防护,减小边坡的动力破坏. 相似文献