基于三对象的三维标度法及其应用

本文介绍了三对象的多维标度法，计算方案是通过一维标度求法和多维标度法把原始问题降至为标准特征值－特征向量问题来解决。该方法的主要目的是提取更多信息，简化数据结构，并重新标度研究对象于新的低维空间，以便能通过二维“因子轴”来直接检验，它适合于定性和定量数据，编写计算程序进行标度分析，在内蒙古赤峰某金矿进行矿产了预测，应用效果良好。     

基于三对象多维标度法及其应用

本文提供了基于三对象（样品或变量）的多维标度法。计算方案是通过一维标度求法（数量化理论Ⅳ的扩展）和多维标度求法把原始问题降至为标准特征值—特征向量问题来解决，该方法的主要目的是提取更多信息、简化数据结构并重新标度研究对象于新的低维空间，以便能通过二维“因子轴”来直接检验，它适合于定性和定量数据。编写计算程序进行标度分析，在内蒙古赤峰某金矿进行矿产预测应用效果良好。     

多维决策圈闭评价方法及其应用

多维决策就是在具有相互冲突、相互影响的多个因素下对评价目标进行的决策,把它应用到圈闭评价时,就是把影响圈闭评价的各个因素看成一个整体,这些影响因素共同反映圈闭的优劣,将多个因素系统合成为一个能从总体上度量圈闭优劣的单因子来进行评价优选。在使用多维决策对研究区进行实际的圈闭评价时,通过多维目标函数,求解各圈闭与所假设的最优和最劣圈闭之间的距离,最后得到综合评价因子序列,此时选出距最优圈闭较近而距最劣圈闭较远的圈闭可作为优先勘探的对象。对四川盆地某区进行了圈闭评价实践,并与地质风险概率法作了对比,证明多维决策圈闭评价方法是有效的。此方法具有简单、实用、易操作、分辨率高等优点,人为因素的干预比较少,预测结果更为客观。     

中亚各国在咸海流域水资源问题上的冲突与合作

咸海流域是中亚社会发展进程中水资源供需矛盾和生态环境问题表现最为突出的区域,已严重妨碍了经济发展和社会稳定,甚至严重影响到中亚国家间的关系. 在解决咸海问题上,中亚各国虽然都表现出了极度忧虑和希望合作解决共同问题的诚意,签订了一系列的多边和双边合作协议,付诸了较多的行动;发达国家和国际组织也多方介入,大力援助、积极斡旋,但仍未从根本上缓解咸海危机. 深入分析介绍了咸海流域的水资源及开发利用情况、中亚各国在咸海流域水资源问题上的冲突以及开展的一系列合作,探讨了咸海危机的潜在水冲突,提出了合理利用水资源,实现流域一体化管理,化解咸海危机的对策措施.     

抽水灌溉系统站库联合优化调度数学模型

为解决我国南方岗地多级抽水灌溉系统灌溉保证率偏低、系统中工程效益发挥差等问题,以一具体灌溉系统为例,用系统分析的方法建立了大系统站库联合优化调度数学模型.模型中将多维动态规划模型与模拟模型等优化技术相结合,巧妙地解决了灌溉水量时、空协调优化调度问题.实例表明:该模型的应用能充分发挥系统中各骨干工程的作用,提高系统的灌溉保证率.模型为提高类似灌溉系统的灌溉效益提供了新的研究途径.     

多维自仿射分布及其在地球化学中的应用

提出了多维自仿射分布的概念,指出多维自仿射分布是自仿射分形的数学基础,论证了多维自仿射分布在截尾条件下具有尺度不变的分形性质,交菜理论研究推广到多维情况。通过实例,说明多维自仿射分布在实际问题中的方法和步骤。并解释了分维数的实际意义。分维数是反映区域化变量在某方向变化程度的定量指标。该方法不仅适用于地球化学金元素和银元素数据,而且还适用于其它元素和地质数据,具有普遍的意义。     

用Hash表技术实现快速流分类

Hash表技术是流分类的常用方法之一,用Hash表技术实现快速流分类的关键问题是降低冲突率,提高冲突解决的效率。该文通过提出几个新的概念（如发散、最佳流分类比特和相似比特等）来降低冲突率,通过提出查找树方案来提高冲突解决的效率,从而得到了一种能适应进行任意域流分类工作的、高效的流分类哈希（Efficient Packet Classification Hash,EPCH）表技术方案。仿真试验证明：该方案冲突率低、效率高,值得推广。     

流域水环境功能区划及其关键问题

针对现行水环境功能区划存在的6大问题,提出了以景观生态学、流域管理和水生态服务功能等为理论基础的,以水生态分区、水生态系统完整性评价、冲突分析等为区划途径的流域水环境功能区划。该区划方法及技术路线充分体现了国外趋势与国内管理要求:流域尺度、协调思想、因地制宜和动态性,并重点分析了概念内涵和技术操作程序。同时针对此区划的2大关键问题——协调人与自然、不同利益者冲突问题和确定分类管理功能区——提出了思路与解决途径。本研究有效地权衡了人类需求功能与水生态需求功能,协调了跨界冲突问题以及综合考虑了水资源利用、水环境改善和水生态保护的相互关系,为我国未来水环境管理和流域管理提供技术支持。     

对建设用地使用权分层设立的几点思考

随着经济社会的不断发展,现代城市正在向立体化方向发展,作为城市立体化发展的重要组成部分的地下空间开发利用是必不可少的。《物权法》确立了建设用地使用权分层设立制度。但是,建设用地使用权分层设立还存在权利冲突解决规则缺乏可操作性等缺陷。为此,笔者结合工作实际,提出了应当建立统一科学的登记制度、健全权利冲突的解决机制等建议。     

基于证据权法的成矿远景预测空间分析模型研究:以MAPGIS空间分析建模为例

在证据权法成矿远景定量预测模型及其优劣势分析的基础上,提出了以多维空间线性变换方法改进证据权法,采用"舍弃法"解决证据独立性问题,进行了基于因子分析的公因子方差赋权与方差贡献赋权的模型修正,从而使正-负证据权赋值与"1-0"赋值等价,将证据权法拓展为变量构置、筛选及斌值(变换)的准则(方法).将综合信息成矿远景预测概括...     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861