东秦岭上宫金矿流体成矿作用:稳定同位素地球化学研究

上宫金矿是典型的断控脉状造山型金矿床，成矿过程包括早、中、晚3个阶段。蚀变岩和矿石的δ^18O明显高于未蚀变岩石，指示岩石在水岩作用过程中从流体中汲取^18O。19件早阶段流体δ^18Ow变化于4．2‰～13．4‰(平均8．1‰)，8件δDw介于-66‰～-88‰之间(平均-78％。)，1件δ^13C铁白云石1．5‰。指示流体来源于含碳酸盐地层的变质脱水作用；晚阶段δ^18Ow为-2．0‰～-0．6‰，1件δDw=-56‰，3件δ^13C铁白云石为-1．6％o～-2．2‰，指示流体以大气降水为主要成分；3件中阶段样品δ^18Ow为1．9‰～4．5‰，δ^13CCO2为-1．2‰～0．5‰，均介于早、晚阶段之间，指示中阶段为变质热液与大气降水热液的混合流体作用。大量硫化物沉淀导致中阶段流体(δDw=-113‰～-94‰)，显著低于早、晚阶段。28件中阶段硫化物δ^34S为显著的负值(-19．2‰～-6．3‰)，指示成矿流体系统中存在大量生物硫。理论分析表明，尽管熊耳地体的太华超群、熊耳群、燕山期花岗岩类和下伏地壳、地幔被前人解释为成矿流体的来源，但它们之一或其任意比例的混合物均不可能成为上宫金矿成矿流体的主导性物源，唯一可能是熊耳地体南侧的管道口群-栾川群CSC(含碳质碳酸盐-页岩-硅质岩)建造；在中生代华北与扬子板块的碰撞造山过程中，管道口群-栾川群沿马超营断裂A型俯冲到熊耳地体之下，经变质脱水、脱气作用，提供了上宫金矿流体成矿系统的主导性流体；流体成矿过程适于CMF模式解释。     

豫西公峪金矿床地质地球化学特征及成因探讨

文章较为详细地总结了公峪蚀变岩型金矿的地质特征，将成矿作用分为3个阶段，即石英-黄铁矿阶段，石英-硫化物阶段和石英-碳酸盐阶段，并测定了矿石样品的稳定同位素组成。结果表明：硫化物的δ^34S值变化于-1．7‰～2．2‰之间，与陨石硫的δ^34S值接近，反映为深源；成矿Ⅰ阶段流体的δD值为-68‰--86‰，δ^18OH2O为-0.6‰～ 4．9‰，成矿Ⅱ阶段流体的δD值为-67‰～-84‰，δ^18OH2O为-0．6‰～-8．9‰，反映成矿流体主要有两个来源，Ⅰ阶段以深源水为主，Ⅱ阶段有大量大气降水混入。公峪金矿与祁雨沟金矿应属于同一成矿系统的产物，均与燕山晚期岩浆热液活动有关，可能为同源、同期、不同构造空间的演化产物。     

新疆萨喀尔得铜矿C-H-O-S同位素特征

新疆萨喀尔得铜矿属中低温热液型,该矿石英和方解石样品中^δ13CPDB值为-17．3‰— -0．7％,δ^18OSMOW为16．2‰-22．4‰ δ18OH2O 水值为6.9‰-12.5‰水值为6．9‰-12．5‰,8D变化于-73．8‰—-52．4‰之间。研究表明,成矿流体主要来源于深部发生循环加热的建造水,并混合变质水和岩浆水;成矿早期流体中的C主要来源于地层水或大气降水,晚期有深部岩浆水的加入。^δ^34S值变化范围为0．2‰-6．1％o,表明流体中的S主要来自岩浆或上地幔。     

广东荷树下铅锌矿床地质地球化学特征与矿床成因

矿床产于上泥盆统大乌石组底部的一套碎屑岩夹碳酸盐岩地层中，受区域上东西向茶头山、大塘岭断裂带控制，层间破碎带和东西向断裂为其容矿构造。矿床的铅同位素组成为^206pb／^204pb=18．580～18．634，^207pb／^204pb=15．667～15．746，^208pb／^204pb=38．828～39．042，模式年龄为89～186Ma。方铅矿和闪锌矿的δ^34S=-0．93‰～3．23‰。含矿围岩及矿石的δ^13C=-5．86‰～-1．5‰，δ^18O=8．65‰～9．24‰。流体包裹体的均一温度为120～370℃，呈双峰态分布，峰值分别为170～190℃、240～260℃。成矿流体的盐度ω(NaCl)为7％～10％。地质地球化学特征说明荷树下矿床是一个浅成中低温岩浆源矿床，成矿物质主要来自中生代岩浆(体)，部分来自地层，成矿时代为燕山中晚期。     

中旬红山矽卡岩铜矿稳定同位素特征及其对成矿过程的指示

红山铜矿床位于三江地区义敦岛弧南端的中甸弧,是在晚三叠世甘孜-理塘洋盆向西俯冲过程中形成的一个中型规模的矽卡岩矿床。通常,矽卡岩体就是铜矿体或铜矿化体,主要呈似层状、层状、脉状及透镜体状产于大理岩与角岩接触带或局部在角岩中,未见其与侵入岩直接接触。通过对不同成矿阶段所形成的石榴石、磁铁矿、磁黄铁矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿、方解石等典型矿物以及大理岩的稳定同位素特征研究,发现矽卡岩的最主要组成矿物石榴石的δ^18OSMOW范围为6．2—8．3‰,反映了矽卡岩可能直接继承隐伏斑岩体的氧同位素组成。根据磁铁矿的氧同位素组成（5．5—7．1‰）所计算的磁铁矿化阶段成矿流体的δ^18OSMOW为13．1—14．7‰（400℃）或12．5—14．1％。（500℃）,暗示有富集δ^18O的CO2溶入到成矿流体中。硫化物的δ^34SCDT范围4．45—6．20‰,说明矿床具有高度均一的硫源,并且在硫化物的结晶沉淀过程中,流体中硫同位素分馏很弱。由此推测主成矿期成矿流体的δ^34S∑S为5．6±0．6‰。矿床中的大理岩的δ^13CPDB为2．0—2．2‰,δ^18OSMOW为24．0—24．8‰,说明大理岩是由海相碳酸盐岩经重结晶作用而成。成矿晚期阶段形成的方解石脉的δ^13CPDB范围是-2．4—1．7‰,δ^18OSMOW范围是16．3—22．4‰,表明其C和O主要来源于大理岩。总之,我们推测红山矽卡岩很可能主要是由中酸性岩浆浅成侵位时局部同化碳酸盐围岩所形成的一种富含钙质成分的次生岩浆就位于碎屑岩与碳酸盐岩之间的构造薄弱带冷凝固结而成,矽卡岩型矿化与深部斑岩型矿化具有共同的成矿物质和成矿流体来源。     

四川牦牛坪稀土矿床地幔流体成矿的碳、氢、氧、硫同位素证据

选取2种主要矿石类型——碳酸岩伟晶岩型矿石和重晶石伟晶岩型矿石进行了成矿流体的C、H、O、S同位素测试，获得δ^13CV-PDB值为-3．0‰～-5．6‰，δDV-SMOW值为-57‰～-88‰，δ^18OH2O-VSMOW值为8．0‰～13．3‰，δ^34SV-CDT值为3．3‰～5．9‰，以及方解石的δ^13CV-PDB值为-6．9‰和δ^18OV-SMOW值为7．3‰～7．4‰。所有这些数据表明，四川牦牛坪稀土矿床在成矿过程中有大量地幔物质参与。     

内蒙古虎拉林爆破角砾岩型金矿床特征

虎拉林金矿区主要地层为中侏罗统绣峰组陆源碎屑岩，岩浆岩以燕山期花岗斑岩和石英斑岩为主。在地层与岩体接触带附近发育爆破角砾岩，金矿(化)体主要受断裂控制而产于爆破角砾岩筒(带)中。矿区内已圈出6条矿(化)体，总体走向近SN，以1、2号为主要矿体。成矿与爆破角砾岩有关，形成一体多型的矿化分布形式。δ^34S变化范围为-0．2‰-0．8‰，具有深源岩浆S特征。S和Pb同位素、流体包裹体、稀土元素等特征表明，成矿物质来自地壳深部或地幔，成矿流体以深部岩浆热液为主。^39Al/^40Ari法测得金矿成矿年龄为135．5Ma。     

攀西大陆槽稀土矿床深源成矿流体的稳定同位素证据

通过对大陆槽矿床的成矿流体稳定同位素研究表明,矿体石英中流体包裹体的δD、δ^18O和δ^13C值分别为-87‰、 6．0‰和-8．4‰,矿石(氟碳铈矿)的δ^13C为-8．0‰,矿体萤石中流体包裹体的δD和δ^18O分别为-99‰和-11．6‰。研究表明,矿床的成矿流体应为少量大气降水混合的深源成矿流体,流体包体中和矿石中的碳则可能源自较深的壳幔混熔源区。     

四川冕宁稀土矿床硫同位素地球化学

分析了四川冕宁大型稀土矿床硫同位素组成。结果显示成矿期脉石矿物重晶石与矿化期后硫化物（黄铁矿和方铅矿）的硫同位素组成明显不同，前者富集^34S，其δ^34S为＋1．8‰～＋6．7‰，后者富集轮S，其δ^34S在-10．9‰～-2．1‰之间，表明本区成矿流体中的硫和矿化期后富含硫化物流体中的硫具有不同的来源。矿区各种类型矿石中的重晶石均普遍遭受过风化作用，且δ^34S随风化作用的增强而增加，暗示物理分馏效应是本区重晶石硫同位素组成差异的主要原因，重晶石风化过程实际上是一个贫弛^32、富^34S过程，未风化重晶石的δ34S与典型幔源硫的^δ34S（0‰左右）相近，成矿流体中硫主要来源于地幔。矿石中重晶石风化作用过程中被淋滤的^32S可能是矿化期后富含硫化物流体中的硫的重要来源，但有待深入研究。     

新疆小热泉子铜（锌）矿床同位素地球化学研究及其意义

热泉子铜（锌）矿床位于准噶尔板块与塔里木板块对接带北侧的哈尔力克-大南湖晚古生代陆源岛弧带。通过同位素地球化学研究,石英中δ^18O在6．5‰～10‰之间,校正后石英和闪锌矿中流体的δ^18OH2o为-2．95‰～1．73‰,包裹体中δDH2o为-105‰— -66‰;结合矿区基本地质特征,成矿流体很有可能为次火山热液...     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an