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本文研究了表面活性剂对氢氧化镁吸附硼的影响,对不同类型的表面活性剂,不同的加入方式以及不同的加入量等进行了试验,并试验了在表面活性剂存在下,pH值对吸硼量的影响。阴离子表面活性剂——十二烷基硫酸钠的加入 可以减少Mg(OH)_2对硼的吸附;十二烷基硫酸钠加入的顺序对Mg(OH)_2吸硼没有影响,这表明Mg(OH)_2吸硼是可逆的;在十二烷基硫酸钠的存在下,最大吸硼量时的pH为10.3。 相似文献
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日本的海水化学资源提取技术研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
海水化学资源例如铀、锂提取技术已进入海水现场小规模试验。以纤维状偕胺肟类化合物为吸附材料 ,每公斤吸附剂的提铀量为 1 g。添加质量分数为 2 0 %聚氯乙烯的尖晶石型锰氧化物粒状海水提锂吸附剂 ,每克吸附剂的提铀量为 1 8mg。浮体式吸铀装置可用于深海作业。流动床或船舶提锂系统 ,可规模化海水提锂。吸锂剂的脱附以及脱锂液的浓缩分离已初步达到小型生产的程度。用吸附法从海水中提取的碳酸锂纯度达 99%以上 ,海水锂回收率为 2 7%。 相似文献
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用自装的BET容量法装置测定了几种粒状钛型吸附剂的比表面及其孔径分布。测定是在常温减压下进行的。结果表明:钛型吸附剂在加铀海水中的吸铀量与样品的比表面及孔径分布有一定的内在联系。这种表面性质的研究对吸附剂的筛选有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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海水提铀螯合树脂的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
国内外报道的能直接从海水中提铀的有机吸附剂不多,我国合成的508 A树脂[1]吸铀量为930微克/克树脂,*AHP树脂[2]吸铀量为697微克/克树脂(公斤级试验),这二种树脂均以环氧氯丙烷、四乙烯五胺、5-硝基邻氨基酚为基本原料,只是工艺上略为不同,最近,日本江川[3]等把具有巨大网状结构的丙烯腈二乙烯苯球状聚合体与NH2OH反应得到偕胺肟型树脂,其吸铀量为450微克/克树脂,田伏岩夫[4,5]等合成了大环己酮和大环己酸,把此化合物连接到氯甲基化的聚苯乙烯聚合体中生成螯合树脂,它在大环上对称排列着六个羧基或六个羟基,另外,还有六个带负电荷的氧配位基.此树脂吸铀能力高,用5升海水直接静态提铀吸铀量为6.85微克,相当于回收被处理海水的41.5%的铀. 相似文献
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海水提铀的研究已将近有二十年的历史.由于海水体系复杂、且其中含铀量甚微(~3μg/l),致使其研究工作难度较大,目前,仍处在实验性阶段.水合氧化钛(或称“钛胶”)是一种提铀性能较好的,目前被普遍采用的无机提铀吸附剂(或称无机离子交换剂).它对海水中铀的吸附机制,无疑是个重要的,因而也是个为人们所重视的研究课题.这个问题的研究一般要从下述三方面着手:吸附剂的结构及其提铀性能;铀在海水中的存在形式及其影响因素,以及其吸附动力学和机理问题.本文先就前一个问题进行探讨,其它问题准备以后另文讨论. 相似文献
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The hydrolysis of silicic acid, Si(OH)4, was studied in a simplified seawater medium (0.6 M Na(Cl)) at 25°C. The measurements were performed as potentiometric titrations (hydrogen electrode) in which OH− was generated coulometrically. The total concentration of Si(OH)4, B, and log[H+] were varied within the limits 0.00075 B 0.008 M and 2.5 -log[H+] 11.7, respectively. Within these ranges the formation of SiO(OH)3− and SiO2(OH)22− with formation constants log β−11(Si(OH)4 SiO(OH)3− + H+) = −9.472 ±0.002 and log β−21(Si(OH)4 SiO2(OH)22− + 2H+) = −22.07 ± 0.01 was established. With B > 0.003 M polysilicate complexes are formed, however, with -log[H+] 10.7 their formation does not significantly affect the evaluated formation constants. Data were analyzed with the least squares computer program LETAGROPVRID. 相似文献
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作者以 Sm Cl3 与 (CH3 Cp) Na反应分离得到了三价稀土有机配合物 [(CH3 Cp) 2 Sm Cl·THF]2 的单晶 ,X-射线四圆衍射测定 ,该配合物属正交晶系 ,Pbna空间群 ,晶胞参数 a=9.6 6 2 (2 ) ,b=16 .4 76 (9) ,c=2 0 .582 (9) ;α=β=γ=90°,Z=4。并分析比较 [(CH3 Cp) 2 Sm Cl· THF]2 与其他三价稀土一氯化物的结构特点 相似文献
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A low-blank pre-concentration procedure is described for the analysis of picomolar iron (Fe) in seawater by isotope dilution high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (HR-ICPMS). The procedure uses a two-step Mg(OH)2 co-precipitation procedure to extract Fe from a 50 ml seawater sample into a 100 μl 4% nitric acid (HNO3) solution followed by HR-ICPMS measurement. The high pre-concentration ratio ( 500:1) achieved by the procedure minimizes the Fe blank due to ICPMS instrumental Fe background and results in a detection limit of 2 pM and a precision of 4% at the 50 pM Fe level. The measurement of a low-Fe seawater sample spiked with gravimetric Fe standard shows that the method can clearly distinguish 0.01 nM Fe from 0.02 nM Fe in seawater with high accuracy. The method is demonstrated by the analysis of dissolved Fe in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. 相似文献
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海水中超低含量活性磷酸盐的Mg(OH)2共沉淀法测定研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
活性磷(正磷酸盐)是海洋浮游植物生长所必需的物质基础[1-8],磷的生物可利用性直接影响全球的初级生产力水平.磷在特定的海洋环境中还可能限制固氮作用,成为限制海洋初级生产力的重要因素[1,3,6].海水中磷酸盐含量的测定也是海洋污染调查的重要指标之一[4,9].农业和工业废水中磷的过度排放导致河口和近岸海水富营养化,引起浮游植物异常繁殖,造成“赤潮”现象[4].因此,海水中磷的准确测定对深入理解生物地球化学过程及海洋环境保护具有重要理论和实际意义[4-6,9].磷钼蓝分光光度法是海水中活性磷的经典测定方法,检测限为324 nmo1/dm3[5],但在一些寡营养盐海域,例如在南海、地中海 相似文献
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《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2006,53(4):684-688
The precision of spectrophotometric measurements of indicator absorbance ratios is sufficient to allow evaluation of small isotopically induced differences in the dissociation constant of boric acid (KB). The quotient of 11KB and 10KB, obtained using isotopically ⩾99% pure borate/boric acid buffers, provides an equilibrium constant for the reaction 10B(OH)3+11B(OH)4−⇔11B(OH)3+10B(OH)4− which heretofore had not been experimentally determined. Previous theoretical and semi-empirical evaluations of this equilibrium, which is important for assessments of the paleo-pH of seawater and the paleo-pCO2 of the atmosphere, have yielded constants, 11–10KB=10KB/11KB, that have ranged between 1.0194 and approximately 1.033. The experimentally determined value 11–10KB=1.0285±0.0016 (mean±95% confidence interval) obtained at 25 °C and 0.63 molal (mol kg−1 H2O) ionic strength is in much better agreement with recent theoretical assessments of 11–10KB that have ranged between 1.026 and 1.033, than the much-cited original estimate (1.0194) of Kakihana et al. (1977) [Fundamental studies on the ion-exchange separation of boron isotopes. Bulletin of Chemical Society of Japan 50, 158–163]. Since the activity quotient for the fractionation reaction is almost equal to unity, it is expected that the 11–10KB value obtained in this study will be applicable over a wide range of solution compositions and ionic strengths. 相似文献
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采用FIASCO (Fast Isolation by AFLP Sequences Containing repeats)技术和磁珠富集方法开发拟穴青蟹微卫星位点.结果表明,400bp以下长度的序列含微卫星的概率超过400bp以上长度的序列;从二碱基重复类型到五碱基重复类型,完美型微卫星的概率在增加.利用设计的28对引物扩增一个供试群体,其中12对引物能稳定扩增且片段大小基本符合理论长度,10个微卫星位点表现出高度多态性,9个微卫星位点显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P<0.05),两组两两位点间存在连锁不平衡现象(P<0.0042,经Bonferroni法校正).Micro-Checker分析揭示其中的5个微卫星位点可能存在无效等位基因.排除混合微卫星位点的引物对以及扩增位点PIC值在0.5以下的引物对,8对引物能用于拟穴青蟹群体遗传学等研究. 相似文献
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The generalised gradient approximation based on density functional theory is used to study the structural and electronic properties of the endohedral fullerene dimer (N2@C60)2. Four N atoms sit at the cage centres in the form of two N_2 molecules. The density of states and Mulliken charge analysis explore that the energy levels from -6 to -10 eV are mainly influenced by the N2 molecules. 相似文献