3-D Geovisualization of satellite images on smart devices by the integration of spatial DBMS,RESTful API and WebGL

Recent technological advancements in web-based geographic information systems have enabled access to satellite images on smart devices. The Representational State Transfer (REST) architecture overcomes difficulties that are associated with conventional data communications on the web, and the Web Graphics Library (WebGL) can be used as an alternative to web-based three-dimensional geographic visualization (3-D geovisualization) due to its efficient image processing capabilities. This paper describes a 3-D geovisualization system that was developed for satellite images on smart devices by integrating a spatial database management system (DBMS), a RESTful application programming interface (API), and WebGL. Spatiotemporal objects were constructed for time-series satellite images within a DBMS and a RESTful API was built for spatiotemporal queries to the time-series database so that the requested satellite data could be represented in 3-D on smart devices using WebGL. Satellite images that are represented in WebGL give a more realistic 3-D experience when they are combined with terrain data and provide for intuitive observations of the relationships between pixel values and associated geospatial conditions. This paper shows that a creative combination of existing technologies can be used to enhance and display satellite images on smart devices for 3-D geovisualization.     

Developing Web-based Mapping Applications Through Distributed Object Technology

Emerging web-based mapping technologies use the World Wide Web (WWW) and Internet protocols to provide the ability to distribute, access, and visualize geospatial information over the Internet. Many web-based mapping applications have been developed to deliver geospatial information within and across organizations and even to the public at large. A major technological challenge is to achieve interoperability amongst web-based mapping applications so that mapping and geoprocessing resources distributed over the Internet can be shared and integrated. This paper presents an approach to the development of web-based mapping applications using distributed object technology in order to enable interoperability. Distributed object technology combines object technology, which utilizes reusable software components (called objects) that model real-world entities to build software systems, and distributed computing, which allows computing resources to be distributed and accessed over computer networks. The paper introduces a distributed object technology, the Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA); proposes an architecture for web-based mapping using CORBA; and presents a prototype implementation.     

人口信息空间可视化系统设计研究

人口问题始终是我国乃至世界关注的重大社会发展问题,因此将人口信息进行空间化总结和表达,并对这些信息进行深层次开发和应用就显得尤为重要。本文探讨了人口信息空间可视化的必要性和重要性及人口信息空间可视化系统设计中的关键科学与技术问题,提出了人口信息空间可视化系统设计框架、系统功能模块和数据库结构。结合第五次人口普查信息设计和制作了《中华人民共和国人口电子地图集》,图集提供1 0个图组共计近2 0 0幅地图和近1 0 0 0个分省、分地区和分县人口指标以及强大的系统功能,形成交互的人口空间认知的可视化环境,形象地表达了人口的地区差异、分布特征;揭示了人口要素间的相互关系以及与区域各种要素制约关系,提高对我国人口问题的空间认知水平。     

Design of service-oriented architecture for spatial data integration and its application in building web-based GIS systems

In this paper we propose a service-oriented architecture for spatial data integration (SOA-SDI) in the context of a large number of available spatial data sources that are physically sitting at different places, and develop web-based GIS systems based on SOA-SDI, allowing client applications to pull in, analyze and present spatial data from those available spatial data sources. The proposed architecture logically includes 4 layers or components; they are layer of multiple data provider services, layer of da...     

基于WebGL的三维智慧管网系统的设计与实现

随着城市面貌日新月异,地下管网的建设也在持续推进,作为城市的地下“神经网络”,全天24 h保障城市的正常运转和发展。本文以实现城市管网管理系统的高可用、无插件、智能化为目标,采用“地上地下一体”“二三维一体”的设计理念,研究基于WebGL的三维智慧管网系统的关键技术,实现了管线设施管理的信息数字化、空间化与图形化。     

基于Three.js的真实三维地形可视化设计与实现

HTML5的出现以及Web GL技术的推广,为三维Web GIS提供了新的解决方案。针对强调具有真实感三维地形的构建与实现,对Web GL第三方类库Three.js引擎进行了研究,提出了基于瓦片、DEM数据的三维地形构建方法,并充分发挥Web GL开放性、免插件、跨平台、硬件加速的优势,创建了基于浏览器的三维地形交互系统,实验验证了该方法的可行性与有效性。     

CityGML goes mobile: application of large 3D CityGML models on smartphones

CityGML, a semantic information model for digital/virtual city models has become quite popular in various scenarios. While the data format is still actively under development, it is already supported by different software solutions, especially GIS-based desktop applications. Mobile systems on the other hand are still neglected, even though the georeferenced objects of CityGML have many application fields, for example, in the currently popular area of location-based Augmented Reality. In this paper we present an independent multi-platform CityGML viewer, its architecture and specific implementation techniques that we use to realize and optimize the process of visualizing CityGML data for use in Augmented Reality. The main focus lies in improving the implementation on mobile devices, such as smartphones, and assessing its usability and performance in comparison to web-based approaches. Due to the constrained hardware resources of smartphones, it is a particular challenge to handle complex 3D objects and large virtual worlds as provided by CityGML, not only in terms of memory and storage space, but also with respect to mobile processing units and display sizes.     

Hypercube-Based Visualization Architecture for Web-Based Environmental Geospatial Information Systems

The geospatial field significantly influences the development of the environmental domain, including a wide range of geospatial and cartographic information systems, such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Multimedia Atlas Information Systems (MAIS) and more recently web-based GIS (Web-GIS). In this context, we introduce web-based environmental geospatial information systems (Web-EGIS) as a special case of Web-GIS, aiming to integrate the functionalities of geospatial information systems with the enormous quantity of specialized, distributed and highly heterogeneous environmental geo-referenced data and services. We define three main characteristics of the Web-EGIS. The first is a generic hypercube-based data organization and visualization. The next characteristic is a standard-based, three-tier service-oriented architecture. The third and last characteristic is the traceability of the architectural and design decisions, for which we introduce the new concept of an ‘Environmental Application Context’, arguing that not only the functional but also the non-functional requirements (NFRs) have an important role in defining the architecture, software components and data services of such systems. In a nutshell, a Web-EGIS is characterized by a coherent user experience through the hypercube-based visualization concept, technically supported by a service-oriented architecture that is structured according to an extensive analysis of NFRs. On this basis, we introduce the Geodata visualization and interactive training environment (GeoVITe) Platform for Interdisciplinary Environmental Research as a reference implementation of a Web-EGIS with its basic design requirements, integrative hypercube-based visualization for heterogeneous data sources, extended web cartography functionalities, and its de facto system architecture. The concept of the hypercube-based visualization is better transferred to the system architecture by understanding the ‘Environmental Application Context’ of this particular Web-EGIS, which also makes it easier to maintain and enhance. The resulting system is a support platform for research activities in the environmental domain.     

可视化空间数据挖掘研究综述

空间数据挖掘针对的是更具有可视化要求的地理空间数据的知识发现过程,可视化能提供同用户对空间目标心理认知过程相适应的信息表现和分析环境,可视化与空间数据挖掘的结合是该领域研究发展的必然,并已成为一个研究热点。论文综述了空间数据挖掘和可视化的研究现状,重点阐述了空间数据挖掘中的可视化化技术及其应用,并对可视化空间数据挖掘的发展趋势进行了阐述。     

On 3D Geo-visualization of a Mine Surface Plant and Mine Roadway

Constructing the 3D virtual scene of a coal mine is the objective requirement for modernizing and processing information on coal mining production. It is also the key technology to establish a "digital...     

基于三维GIS的铁路BIM空间信息系统构建及其工程应用

铁路工程是带状工程,具有范围广、与地形地貌结合紧密的特点。传统BIM设计对海量模型及地理空间分析的支持较弱,难以解决大范围地理环境下铁路工程多专业集成的问题。本文以三维地理信息系统为基础,研究了大范围地理环境下面向铁路BIM多专业设计融合的关键技术,从铁路地理信息数据发布、地理环境下的线路设计、多专业BIM模型无缝拼接、海量模型数据的轻量化与显示策略等方面进行了深入地分析和研究,提出了一套完整的铁路设计BIM+GIS解决方案。在此基础上,构建了基于三维GIS的BIM空间信息平台,在西成高铁BIM试点工程中进行了应用和验证。     

新一代三维GIS关键技术研究与实践

文中阐述的新一代三维GIS技术体系是以二三维一体化GIS技术体系为基础框架,融合了倾斜摄影三维技术、激光点云三维技术、BIM与GIS结合的三维技术等.其中,倾斜摄影全自动化建模技术大幅度提高了三维数据获取的精度,降低了采集成本,并促进了三维数据标准化的发展,促进了三维GIS更广泛的应用;BIM与GIS的融合,使得三维GIS进入很多新兴应用领域.在数据模型层面,三维实体数据模型的定义与发展,促进了三维GIS理论体系的完善.VR/AR、3 D打印、WebGL等IT新技术的发展,也推动着三维GIS软件技术的发展.     

空间信息多媒体可视化技术在旅游概念规划中的应用——以神农架旅游空间规划为例

本文立足于“以用户为中心”的理念,在Flash平台下实现“神农架林区旅游发展布局战略空间调整”规划的地图可视化,探讨多媒体技术与空间信息可视化融合在旅游概念规划视觉表达中的可行性、关键技术及具体实现等,并根据用户体验效果进行总结,从而为相关应用研究提供思路和借鉴.     

基于WebGL的三维GIS应用研究

随着网络通信、三维建模和地理信息等各项技术的进步,基于Web的三维GIS应用需求越来越广泛。本文融合了Html5、JavaScript、WebGL、MongoDB和倾斜摄影建模等技术,利用这些技术的优势,实现了基于Web的三维GIS应用,为Web三维GIS应用提供了新的实现方式,使得三维数据更具有时效性,三维数据实现跨平台浏览,用户体验更好。     

基于EV-Globe的三维地理信息系统研究

主要研究实现多尺度、多分辨率、不同时期、海量影像数据的快速加载,通过建立域地理三维演示系统,整合了三维模型场景数据、DEM、DOM等数据,实现了直观的全空间三维可视化、海量多元数据集成逼真的三维场景显示的特性、快捷的二三维一体化应用、高效的三维模型渲染与分析、矢量和影像文件的客户端直接加载,实现了城市DEM和DOM的快速加载、三维场景的对比浏览和地下镜头浏览、自然效果的模拟、地理位置的标注、城市场景的飞行浏览以及空间距离面积的测量、各种应用的分析及查询等功能,在将来的研究中,将根据城市建设及规划应用的需求,发挥三维立体展示优势,研究建设、规划辅助系统。     

空间信息栅格SIG框架体系与关键技术研究

空间信息数据量大、处理复杂、难以共享的问题对其研究和应用提出了挑战。空间信息栅格(Spatial Information Grid，SIG)作为创新性的网络空间信息基础设施和技术体系，集成并拓展信息栅格、空间信息系统、Web服务等前沿技术，以“服务”为中心，实现一体化智能化的空间信息获取、存储、组织、分发、分析处理、应用、融合以及互操作，形成基于网络的空间信息资源共享与集成。在给出SIG基本定义的基础上，明确了SIG技术要素和特征，探索并构建了开放性的SIG框架体系，重点研究了SIG中的空间数据共享和分析处理服务技术，为SIG相关研究的拓展和深入提供了总体框架和技术基础。     

Cesium框架多源电子地图瓦片数据混搭方案设计

针对现有的商业地理信息系统平台难以灵活整合多源影像数据融合使用的问题,深入研究Cesium平台下多种数据源的空间参考差异和瓦片组织规则,针对不同空间参考的瓦片数据源进行混搭设计,提出基于Cesium的多源本地瓦片数据静态和动态加载方案。实验结果表明,单一瓦片数据源加载方案、静态和动态多源瓦片混搭方案的展示效果较好;静态瓦片混搭方案在加载不同空间参考瓦片数据时容易造成变形;动态多源、多空间参考瓦片混搭方案能有效克服变形问题且展示效果佳。本文实现了在开源GIS平台下的多源影像数据的融合使用,为地理信息系统与遥感类项目应用提供了一个低成本、高灵活性的解决方案,具有较为明显的实际应用价值。     

三维空间数据模型集成的概念框架研究

本文对三维空间数据模型的研究与发展进行了总结,分析了三维空间数据的特点以及数据模型集成的必要性。结合三维ＧＩＳ在城市、地质、海洋等领域的具体应用,提出三种三维空间数据模型集成：用于城市三维构模基于ＴＩＮ和ＣＳＧ的集成模型;用于地质,海洋等领域的基于八叉树和四面体格网的混合模型;具有一般性的矢量栅格集成的三维空间数据模型。     

SuperMap 3D Designer关键技术及应用

三维数据采集技术及其在房产、建筑、水利、电力、交通等行业的不断发展和深入应用,对三维地理信息系统提出了新的挑战,三维空间信息在GIS平台中不再只停留在"看一看"的阶段,而需要从数据接入、处理、渲染到分析结果的输出,形成完整的闭环,为相关行业应用提供坚实的技术基础,为管理和决策提供可靠依据.本文以SuperMap GIS平台中三维地理设计(3D Designer)为基础,介绍多源异构的三维空间数据在地理信息平台中处理和应用的关键技术.首先,介绍了多源异构三维空间数据的主要来源和主要特征;然后重点阐述空间数据在三维地理信息平台中处理的和应用的难点及关键技术,包括采用快速建模方法解决传统二维数据资源在三维地理信息平台中的应用问题,采用实例化技术提升BIM数据的渲染性能问题,采用空间数据处理和分析关键算法解决模型和大场景的精确匹配问题等;最后,介绍了SuperMap 3 D Designer的主要应用方式.